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Biomedical subjects

M C Infante

Publications and source records attributed to M C Infante.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1999

Antipsychotic-induced weight gain: a comprehensive research synthesis.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to estimate and compare the effects of antipsychotics-both the newer ones and the conventional ones-on body weight. METHOD: A comprehensive literature search identified 81 English- and non-English-language articles that included data on weight change in antipsychotic-treated patients. For each agent, a meta-analysis and random effects metaregression estimated the weight change after 10 weeks of treatment at a standard dose. A comprehensive narrative review was also conducted on all articles that did not yield quantitative information but did yield important qualitative information. RESULTS: Placebo was associated with a mean weight reduction of 0.74 kg. Among conventional agents, mean weight change ranged from a reduction of 0.39 kg with molindone to an increase of 3.19 kg with thioridazine. Among newer antipsychotic agents, mean increases were as follows: clozapine, 4.45 kg; olanzapine, 4.15 kg; sertindole, 2.92 kg; risperidone, 2.10 kg; and ziprasidone, 0.04 kg. Insufficient data were available to evaluate quetiapine at 10 weeks. CONCLUSIONS: Both conventional and newer antipsychotics are associated with weight gain. Among the newer agents, clozapine appears to have the greatest potential to induce weight gain, and ziprasidone the least. The differences among newer agents may affect compliance with medication and health risk.

Antipsychotic Agents↗
PubMed1998

Multiple phenotype modeling in gene-mapping studies of quantitative traits: power advantages.

Genomewide searches for loci influencing complex human traits and diseases such as diabetes, hypertension, and obesity are often plagued by low power and interpretive difficulties. Attempts to remedy these difficulties have typically relied on, and have promoted the use of, novel subject-ascertainment schemes, larger sample sizes, a greater density of DNA markers, and more-sophisticated statistical modeling and analysis strategies. Many of these remedies can be costly to implement. We investigate the utility of a simple statistical model for the mapping of quantitative-trait loci that incorporates multiple phenotypic or diagnostic endpoints into a gene-mapping analysis. The approach considers finding a linear combination of multiple phenotypic values that maximizes the evidence for linkage to a locus. Our results suggest that substantial increases in the power to map loci can be obtained with the proposed technique, although the increase in power obtained is a function of the size and direction of the residual correlation among the phenotypes used in the analysis. Extensive simulation studies are described that justify these claims, for cases in which two phenotypic measures are analyzed. This approach can be easily extended to cover more-complex situations and may provide a basis for more insightful genetic-analysis paradigms.

Chromosome Mapping↗
PubMed1993

Options for long-term care financing reform: a view from the inside out.

The goals for any proposal for long-term care financing reform must include the development of a deliberative, organized and coordinated structure of consistent benefits and service capacity that is accessible to individuals with administrative simplicity and operating certainty for providers. The best way to achieve these program goals is to foster a radical new system that relies on the maximum use of private long-term care insurance. Elimination of the Medicaid program as the primary funding vehicle for long-term care and federalization of all nursing home and home care services will serve as an interim measure until private options are developed and in place. A continued federal role will be needed for maximum risk pooling, standard setting and acting as the stop-loss reinsurer and ultimate safety net for those outside the reach of the private market. Certain interest groups, including the state governors and the advocacy groups on women's issues have unique roles to play in shaping the coming debate. The shifts in thinking and in behavior change needed to commit to such a vision will not be easily achieved. Long-term care is as much about roles, relationships and responsibilities as it is about health, illness, rules or regulations. These inherent and intimate characteristics of long-term care mandate a clear vision of what the system should look like and very deliberate steps to devise and to enact the progressive reforms necessary to meet the coming demand. Reasonable people will differ about the appropriate mix of public and private responsibilities in any system to provide long-term care.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Female↗