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Biomedical subjects

M C Marguery

Publications and source records attributed to M C Marguery.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Fixed solar urticaria to visible light successfully treated with fexofenadine.

Fixed solar urticaria (FSU) represents an uncommon form of urticaria related mostly to radiation from the ultraviolet (UVB, UVA) and visible spectrum. The exact pathomechanism has so far remained unknown. A 52-year-old woman with a 3-year history of urticated eruptions limited to certain skin areas is presented. Photobiological testing revealed positive reactions limited to the visible light range. The induced lesions appeared only in originally affected skin sites. The particular distribution of whealing supports the concept of specific alteration of mast cells in well defined areas. The clinical findings and the results of phototesting lead to the diagnosis of FSU to visible light. It is recommended to carry out phototesting in patients with FSU in the originally affected skin areas, usually covered and protected by the patient, to avoid false-negative results. Fexofenadine given in the conventional dosage can prevent recurrences and represents a successful treatment measure when dealing with this peculiar form of solar urticaria.

Anti-Allergic Agents↗
PubMed2000

[Drug-induced photosensitivity].

Photodermatosis are dermatoses where there is an abnormally exaggerated sensitivity to sunlight, termed photosensitivity, that is often drug-induced. Such drug-induced photosensitivity is due to the mechanism of photosensitivization that induces two types of reaction, phototoxic and photoallergic. The phototoxic reaction is photochemical, irritative and common, and can occur in any individual without any particular predisposition. The photoallergic reaction is a photoimmunologic, cell-mediated hypersensitivity reaction. It is much more rare and occurs only in some individuals with predisposition. Clinically, the phototoxic reaction usually manifests by a cutaneous "sunburn" type eruption, and the photoallergic reaction by eczema. Photosensitizing drugs are numerous: antibiotics, nonsteroid anti-inflammatory drugs, diuretics, antimitotic drugs, psychiatric drugs, amiodarone, calcium channel blockers, fibric acid derivatives, etc. Diagnosis is based on recognition of an eruption localized in zones exposed to sunlight occurring in the context of photosensitizing drug intake, correlated with the results of photobiological laboratory investigations.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed2000

Prolonged photosensitivity following contact photoallergy to ketoprofen.

We report the third case of prolonged photosensitivity secondary to contact photoallergy to topical ketoprofen, a 2-arylpropionic acid derivative. The patient suffered from persistent photosensitivity for more than 1 year after the withdrawal of ketoprofen with recurrent eruptions on sun-exposed skin areas. This photosensitivity was associated with a persistent decrease in polychromatic and UVA minimal erythemal doses. Photobiological testing revealed cross-reactivity with fenofibrate and benzophenones. Photoallergy to ketoprofen is due to the benzophenone structure or to the very similar thiophene phenylketone of tiaprofenic acid, but not to the arylpropionic function. Thus, fenofibrate, tiaprofenic acid and benzophenones should be avoided by patients with a positive history of photocontact dermatitis to ketoprofen.

Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal↗
PubMed1999

Sunscreen sensitization: a 5-year study.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of sunscreen contact allergy and/or contact photoallergy in 370 patients with suspected photodermatitis. Patch and photopatch tests were performed using the French Society of Photodermatology (SFPD) standard series. A total of 57 cases of contact allergy and/or photocontact allergy to sunscreens were diagnosed (15.4%). Amongst these, 27 reactions were related to oxybenzone and 14 to isopropyl dibenzoylmethane. These results, obtained from January 1990 to December 1994, confirm that, given the high frequency of photosensitization cases, a large part of the battery of photopatch tests should be dedicated to sunblocks.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Influence of UVA pre-exposure on UVB-induced erythema. A chromometric study.

We examined the influence of ultraviolet A (UVA) pre-exposure on UVB minimal erythemal dose in 9 Caucasian subjects. Three zones were tested. One zone received only UVB, the second zone received a low UVA dose+UVB, and the third zone received a high UVA dose+UVB. Each zone was divided into 9 circles receiving increasing doses of UVB in order to obtain 3 different UVA-exposed series of 9 circles. Visual and chromometric readings were performed 24 h later. Pre-exposure to UVA caused variations in the slope of the dose-response curve (colorimetric index as a function of the UVB dose). In relation to UVB erythema, these variations indicated a protective effect for 6/9 subjects and an aggressive effect for 3/9 subjects. No predictive criteria were found for inclusion within a group.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

[Photosensitive prurigo in AIDS].

INTRODUCTION: A case of photosensitive prurigo during AIDs is reported. This is the second case in the literature. We discuss the relations between HIV infection and photodermatoses. OBSERVATIONS: A woman, known to be HIV seropositive from 1990, developed during the spring 1990 a prurigo on light exposed areas who received the next year. A photobiological investigation was performed, showing a polymorphic light eruption induced by UVB. DISCUSSION: Patients infected with HIV have a high prevalence of UV radiation responsive skin diseases. On the other hand, UVA radiations, UVB and UVC have been shown to induce activation and replication of HIV. PUVA therapy and UVB therapy have shown their efficacity in the treatment of many photodermatoses associated with HIV infection, without any worsening of the illness. Many questions are not yet solved in the relationship between HIV and photosensitivity and the photobiological investigation should be more frequently done.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1998

Comparison of the DNA damage photoinduced by fenofibrate and ketoprofen, two phototoxic drugs of parent structure.

Fenofibrate and ketoprofen (KP) are two drugs of similar structure derived from that of benzophenone. Both are photoallergic and promote cross reactions in patients. However, the cutaneous photosensitizing properties of KP also include phototoxic effects and are more frequently mentioned. To account for this difference in their in vivo properties, their in vitro photosensitizing properties on DNA were compared. First, it was shown that under irradiation at 313 nm, fenofibric acid (FB), the main metabolite of fenofibrate, photosensitized DNA cleavage by a radical mechanism similar to that proposed for KP but with a 50 times lower efficiency. Furthermore, FB did not photosensitize the formation of pyrimidine dimers into DNA in contrast to KP, which did promote this type of DNA damage. Their difference in efficiency as DNA breakers was compared to their relative photochemical reactivity and the quantum yield of FB photolysis was found to be eightfold lower than that of KP. The reactivity of these drugs cannot explain alone the difference in their photosensitizing properties. Other factors such as the magnitude of the ionic character of the photodecarboxylation pathway of these benzophenone-like drugs are considered in the discussion.

Bacteriophage phi X 174↗
PubMed1997

[Importance and results of photo-patch tests in photobiological research].

Photo patch tests (Standard battery of the SFPD) were made on 45 patients who were suspected of exogenous photosensitization during 1996. Certain suspected topicals or drugs completed the battery. The results obtained are analysed and compared with those in the literature.

Anti-Infective Agents, Local↗
PubMed1997

[Psoriasis].

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1997

[Syphilitic labial leucokeratosis].

BACKGROUND: Several diagnoses, including syphilis, can be entertained in patients with leukokeratosis of the buccal mucosa. We report a case of labial leucokeratosis which revealed latent syphilis. CASE REPORT: A 36-year-old man with a past history of genital syphilis chancre which have been treated 12 years earlier, developed buccal leucokeratosis with no other clinical manifestation. Histology showed dermal infiltration containing plasma cells, polynuclears and lymphocytes. Blood tests were positive for syphilis. Complementary examinations were unable to detect another localization. Leucokeratosis regressed completely after one injection of Extencilline. There has been no recurrence at one year. DISCUSSION: The clinical and histological presentations of syphilis can mimic different skin diseases. Serodiagnosis alone is significant. Isolated buccal lesions are rarely described in syphilis suggesting serodiagnosis should always be ordered. Whatever the clinical stage of the diseases, serological surveillance after treatment for syphilis is essential.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

[Cutaneous mycobacteriosis].

Tuberculosis is reappearing, due to diminished surveillance, illegal immigration, the HIV epidemic and certainly also due to emerging resistance. The clinical expression of cutaneous tuberculosis depends on the stage of development, the clinical background and the virulence of the germ. Diagnosis is predominantly clinical, but laboratory results also play a role. Treatment involves the quadruple antibiotic treatment prescribed for any tubercular infection. Atypical mycobacteria are widespread throughout the environment and are pathogenic, but also saprophytic, comensal and opportunistic, figure a favourable setting in the immunodeficient individual. Following entry by penetrance, the early lesion is papulonodulary, nodulary, keratoid, crusted, ulcerated, sporotrichoid, generally without peripheral adenopathy. Histological examination discloses a granulomatous reaction limiting the development of the infection; such development is absent in the immunodeficient patient, thus explaining the spread. The most common mycobacterial infection in France, generally in the immunocompetent individual, is "aquarium disease" which follows a benign course; the most common in tropical areas is Mycobacterium ulcerans; whereas Mycobacterium avium intracellulare, fortuitum and chelonae cause, in the immunodeficient patient, severe and extensive infection. Treatment should start as soon as diagnosis is made and the germ identified.

Humans↗
PubMed1996

[Systemic sensitization to 17-beta estradiol induced by transcutaneous administration].

INTRODUCTION: Transdermal administration of drugs to obtain a systemic effect may lead to allergic sensitization and compromise subsequent use via another administration route. OBSERVATION: A 52-year-old woman presented contact eczema with the transdermal therapeutic system Estraderm TTS50. Generalized eczema developed later after oral administration of an oestrogen derivative. Skin tests demonstrated allergic sensitization to 17 beta-oestradiol. DISCUSSION: Contact eczema due to transdermal therapeutic systems are usually caused by agents other than the active drug. Sensitization to the active drug raises the risk of generalized eczema and subsequent systemic complications. This risk must be taken into account when prescribing substitution hormone therapy for menopause.

Administration, Cutaneous↗