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Biomedical subjects

M C Plainfossé

Publications and source records attributed to M C Plainfossé.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1996

Hypertension promotes coronary calcium deposit in asymptomatic men.

Despite its important role in coronary disease, coronary atherosclerosis has been poorly investigated in uncomplicated hypertension. Therefore, we evaluated the presence and amount (score) of coronary calcium with ultrafast computed tomography in 73 pairs of age-matched asymptomatic hypertensive or normotensive men. We also estimated the extent of peripheral atherosclerosis as the number of arterial sites (carotid, aortic, femoral) with echographic plaque. Compared with normotensive men, hypertensive men had more frequent coronary calcium (63% versus 47%), a higher calcium score (57 +/- 111 versus 18 +/- 38), and an odds ratio of calcium deposit of 1.95 (with confidence intervals [CI] 95%, 1.01 to 3.79) for any score and of 2.38 (95% CI, 1.02 to 5.52) or 4.84 (95% CI, 1.53 to 15.3) for scores above 50 or 100, respectively. Hypertensive men showed correlations of calcium score with age and hypertension duration but not with the height of blood pressure, and the odds ratio of calcium deposit between extensive and minor peripheral atherosclerosis was 4.67 (95% CI, 1.41 to 15.45) for any score and 8.63 (95% CI, 2.10 to 35.5) or 8.13 (95% CI, 1.64 to 40.3) for scores above 50 or 100. Thus, high blood pressure and in particular its duration rather than its value promotes the presence and overall extent of coronary calcium, a potential predictor of sudden coronary death, in parallel with the extent of peripheral atherosclerosis. The mechanisms of the interaction of hypertension and coronary calcification may be multifactorial and not specific to hypertension.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Detection of coronary calcifications and coronary disease].

OBJECTIVES: The diagnosis of clinically silent coronary artery disease would be a major step in preventing episodes of acute cardiac ischaemia. We screened asymptomatic patients with hypercholesterolaemia with electron computed tomography (ultrafast CT) to determine the effectiveness of this method in detecting calcium deposits in coronary arteries. METHODS: During a 3-year period, 1000 male subjects with hypercholesterolaemia were selected among the general population consulting for systematic work-shop check-ups. Electron computed tomography was performed in all selected subjects to detect coronary atheroma and those with major pathological results then underwent coronarography. RESULTS: Calcium deposits in the coronary arteries were observed in 66% of the subjects with hypercholesterolaemia. Twenty cases with particularly pathological results were selected for coronarography which revealed that coronary narrowing was greater than 50% in 10 of them. CONCLUSION: Electron computed tomography (formerly called ultrafast CT) is an effective method for detecting calcium deposits in coronary arteries and as such is a useful tool in predicting silent coronary artery disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Value and future of electron beam computed tomography].

Mecanic computed tomography would probably never reach the acquisition brevity obtained by EBT. This machine is the best for exploration of cardiovascular diseases, and non cooperative patients, and for cine and flow studies. Morever, there are never tube cooling delays or interruptions in any procedures. Its disadvantages are the price, the impossibility to tilt the gantry, and the computer which are to be improved. With "Evolution", Siemens proposes now improvements with the CVS mode and a computer release without increasing of the price.

Evaluation Studies as Topic↗
PubMed1994

[Electron canon computed tomography. Technique and clinical applications in cardiac imaging].

Electron Beam CT (EBCT) was initially devoted to both dynamic and morphological cardiac studies. ECG gated slices acquired in 100 milliseconds produce cardiac images without motion artefacts. Intracavitary tumors and thrombus are clearly detected and EBCT contributes to the stagging and follow-up of masses. Exploration of congenital abnormalities such as pulmonary atresia can be performed even in newborns. EBCT allows the diagnosis of tiny modifications of coronary arteries, endocardium or pericardium. EBCT offers a new modality of cardiac imaging which gives complementary informations to other modalities.

Coronary Disease↗
PubMed1994

[Electron beam scanner and thoracic transplantation].

To follow an heart transplantation, EBCT is more precise than ultrasonography and scintigraphy to calculate a stroke volume. In lung transplantation, it is important before surgery to know the value of right ventricule stroke volume in order to choice the surgical protocol. After lung transplantation SFE helps to follow the patient to look after complications, to drain a collection or to guide a biopsy. SFE contribution is discussed in rejection, infectious diseases, detection of immuno-induced carcinomas, in bronchiolitis obliterans and recurrence of the primitive disease.

Graft Rejection↗
PubMed1994

[Detection and significance of coronary calcinosis].

Coronary calcifications (CC) are the witness of atheromatous disease because they lies in intima. This is a best stamp of coronary atheromatosis than all the well know risk factors. CC scores is perfectly estimated by EBT. The reproductibility expressed in logarithm data is 7.2% in inter-examination, 1.3% in inter-observers, 2% in intra-observers [4]. CC detection is more specific in young population than in old population because CC appear and increase with age in asymptomatic patients [12]. But the score curve raised higher in symptomatic than in asymptomatic subjects. A patient with an abnormal score for his age will have 5 to 10% of ischemic cardiac disease during the following 6 months [11].

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Angioscanner analysis using Imatron C100 in 44 cases of hepatic tumors].

We studied 44 patients with focal benign (n = 13) or malignant (n = 31) liver tumors prouved by histology or follow-up. The flow mode was acquired by electron beam CT (EBCT) after injection (35 cc at 6 ml/sec): 20 slices with a 400 ms exposure time. We looked for abnormal vessels and density curves inside the tumor, liver and aorta. We describe arterial vascularization in most cases (type 1) and particularly in all the hepatocarcinomas (n = 15) associated with abnormal vessels, and also in rare tumors (n = 4). For benign lesions like angiomas (n = 9) we showed surrounding the mass arterial vascularization in add to the typical aspect (type 3); for nodular hyperplasia (n = 3) arterial blush was associated with the last part of the tumoral curve at the same level as liver. Most often metastasis (n = 13) had no central vascularization and a slight peripheral density increased (type 2). Flow mode by EBCT allows a good density curves analysis particularly at arterial time.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[The transplanted kidney. Role of imaging in early non-functioning grafts].

Renal failure following transplantation can be classified in two groups: initial non function characterized by the absence of renal function after transplantation and delayed secondary non function after an initial improvement. In the first group, the most frequent etiology is an acute tubular necrosis (30 to 50% of the cases) which usually heals within three weeks. Arterial thrombosis are rare but of very bad prognosis. In the second group, the most frequent cases are acute rejection, urological complications, renal artery stenosis, urinary infections and cyclosporine, intoxication. Diagnostic imaging, and especially the color Doppler flow, is very effective in obtaining diagnosis. Vascular or urological complications are to be confirmed by contrasted opacifications. In the absence of vascular or urological obstruction renal failure must be related to a renal parenchymal disease. This may be acute tubular necrosis, a rejection, a pyelonephritis or a medicinal intoxication depending on clinical symptoms, the time of their apparition and the results of biological examinations.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1993

[Biliary cystadenocarcinoma. Apropos of a case].

Biliary cystadenocarcinoma is rare biliary ductal neoplasm, usually occurring in middle-aged women, which arises in a healthy liver, with a better prognostic than other malignant tumors of the liver. We report a new case documented by echography, CT scan and MR. Echography showed multiple heterogeneous and septate masses with fluid-fluid level and dilatation of the intra-hepatic biliary ducts. CT showed multilocular cystic masses with internal septa and papillary excrescences showing contrast enhancement and no calcification. MR displayed a rather intense and variable signal in some parts of the masses on T1 weighted images, flasching on T2 weighted images, corresponding to a hemorrhagic fluid, confirmed by surgery. On T1 weighted images after gadolinium administration, the masses were less well visualized.

Bile Duct Neoplasms↗
PubMed1988

[Peroperative echography in 14 cases of pancreatic insulinoma and gastrinoma].

Fourteen cases of endocrine tumors (10 insulinomas and 4 gastrinomas) were to studied by intraoperative ultrasonography (IOU). Localization was established by preoperative ultrasonography in 1/14, by CT scan in 1/11, by arteriography in 6/12 and by pancreatic venous sampling in 7/8. Tumor size ranged from 0.5 cm to 2.5 cm. Manual palpation was positive in 10/14. The tumor was accurately and completely localized by IOU in 9/10 insulinomas: the one false negative was probably due to micro-adenoma. The intrapancreatic tumor was localized only in 1/14 gastrinomas. Intraoperative sonography localized lymph nodes in all cases. One distal pancreatectomy was improperly performed because of an accessory spleen. After reviewing 59 other cases in the literature, we propose: a) to abandon venous sampling in insulinomas because of adequate performance of IOU; b) to use IOU as a complementary investigative method along with other preoperative methods of localization in gastrinoma.

Adenoma, Islet Cell↗
PubMed1985

[Contribution of intraoperative echography in hepatic metastases].

Current research is devoted to the most appropriate treatment for hepatic metastases. Intra-operative ultrasonography is very valuable for assessing metastatic lesions, their exact number and their topography in relation to surgical landmarks such as the fissures and the hepatic pedicles. Surgery can then be adapted (metastasectomy, segmentectomy, hepatectomy) in relation to the peripheral parenchyma and the remaining parenchyma. The authors present the results of intra-operative ultrasonography performed at the hôpital Broussais in the diagnosis and treatment of 41 hepatic masses. In every case, the treatment of choice was surgical resection and chemotherapy was only administered as second line therapy in cases of failure.

Humans↗
PubMed1984

[Role of ultrasonics in the diagnosis of 5 hydatid cysts of the heart].

Clinical and ultrasonographic findings in five patients with cardiac echinococcosis are presented. In each case chest film showed abnormal shape or enlargement of the heart shadow, with calcifications in three patients. In four cases, echocardiography was suggestive of a cystic lesion. Echocardiography associated with plain chest film seems to be a reliable technique for positive diagnosis and follow up after treatment. However, it is insufficient for preoperative work up in which selective coronary arteriography remains the cardinal procedure.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Anatomical bases of echography of the liver. Applications in peroperative echography.

Peroperative echography is bound to play an increasingly important role in indications for hepatic exeresis, particularly as this type of surgery is anatomical and patterned. It is not easy however to have a clear idea of the stereo-spatial representation of one segment or another when the liver is in situ. The aim of this investigation is to define precisely, with the help of echographic sections, the topography of the different hepatic segments, thereby enabling the surgeon to carry out a complete and systematised exploration. It provides the surgeon with information which has not been accessible until now with classic peroperative explorations.

Hepatic Veins↗
PubMed1983

Work in progress: intraoperative abdominal ultrasound.

Intraoperative ultrasound examination of the liver, biliary tree, pancreas, and kidney is described. Twenty-three patients were included in the study. In the authors' view the three important indications for operating room sonography of the abdomen are (a) locating biliary, pancreatic, or renal calculi, (b) defining the echostructure and precise location of tumors, and (c) evaluating the spread of tumor. It is concluded that intraoperative ultrasound shortens the length of an operation and increases the safety of the surgical procedure since it is more precise than palpation by the surgeon.

Bile Duct Diseases↗