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Biomedical subjects

M C Roche

Publications and source records attributed to M C Roche.

30 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1975

Measurement of hepatic blood flow in the unanesthetized rabbit using 198Au and 125I Rose Bengal clearance technique.

Hepatic blood flow was measured in the unanesthetized rabbit using the clearance technique of 198Au and 125I RB. The values are: 71.82 +/- 16.24 ml-min-1-kg-1 for 198Au, and 60.21+/-9.94 ml-min-1-kg-1 for 125I RB (P less than 0.01). The overestimation of HBF with colloidal gold is probably due to extra splanchnic sequestration which has been estimated to be 15+/-3%. The week extraction of RB limits the use of this dye for measurements of HBF. HBF is easier to measure with 198 Au.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cerebrospinal fluid lactate levels in term infants with perinatal hypoxia.

The prognostic value of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) lactate concentration after an hypoxic-ischemic brain insult was evaluated. Three groups of neonates were studied and followed. Group 1A included 19 asphyxiated neonates who subsequently developed normally, Group 1B included 6 asphyxiated neonates who died or developed neurologic sequelae, and Group 2 consisted of 20 control (comparison) infants. A CSF sample was obtained within the first day of life for cytochemical analysis, culture, and lactate determination with simultaneous determination of serum lactate. The mean CSF lactate level in Group 1B (4.5 mmol/L) was significantly higher than in Group 1A (2.5 mmol/L) (p less than .001). In comparison to the highest CSF lactate concentrations in the normal range in Group 2 (2.7 mmol/L), all Group 1B neonates had elevated CSF lactate levels, and eight neonates (34%) of Group 1A had increased levels. A correlation was found between blood and CSF lactate levels in asphyxiated infants (r = .42, p less than .05), but its meaning is uncertain. We conclude that CSF lactate determinations may be helpful in the evaluation of perinatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy.

Asphyxia Neonatorum↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A study of school children who had identified virus infections of the central nervous system during infancy.

Forty-nine children who had a virus infection of the central nervous system (CNS) when under 1 year of age were studied. One child had died during the initial illness and three of the survivors were severely disabled. The other survivors, more than 5 years after the initial illness, were all attending normal schools. These 45 children, together with 45 matched controls, were examined. We confirm the findings of other studies that virus infections of the CNS in infancy may cause severe disabilities in some cases, and may depress intellectual abilities in others, even though they appear to have recovered fully. Many of the children who had a virus infection of the CNS in infancy had adverse birth and social histories and so were exceptionally vulnerable, but these factors did not account fully for the findings, and when their influence was included in the analysis, the index children still had a mean performance IQ (WISC) 6 points lower than the control children (P less than 0.05), whereas there was less than 1 point difference between the verbal IQs. Attention is drawn to the problem of virus infections in neonatal units.

Adenovirus Infections, Human↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The course of psychomotor development in different encephalic malformations].

INTRODUCTION: Congenital malformations of the brain often are complex disorders which display a wide spectrum of neurological manifestations. The presence of this diversity makes it difficult to correlate clinical findings with neuropathological abnormalities or through neuroimaging studies. DEVELOPMENT: Furthermore, the complexity of the etiological problem creates difficulty to differentiate those disorders having a primary cause, usually implying a genetic origin, from those secondary to a intrauterine insult occurring during the developmental brain process. In this study we have made a approach to mental and motor development in patients with typical or isolated brain malformations. To provide focus, we purposely excluded patients with complex anomalies, neurological disease, chromosomal disorder, syndromic picture or those who had brain malformations secondary to a known insult. CONCLUSIONS: Our exposition come from our review of the current related literature and our own clinical experience, and we have chosen to classify the brain malformations into these three groups: those occurring before the 20th week of pregnancy, those occurring after the 20th week of pregnancy, and the malformations of the posterior fossa [REV NEUROL 1999; 28: 130-5].

Brain↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Bilateral hypodensity of the basal ganglia. Clinico-evolutionary correlation in children].

INTRODUCTION: The presence in neuroimaging of areas of symmetrical bilateral hypodensity in the basal ganglia (SBHBG) is a striking and unusual finding. OBJECTIVE: To determine the aetiology, clinical significance and evolution of a group of paediatric patients with SBHBG. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We made a study of 21 patients with neuroimaging studies (CT or MR) showing SBHBG. The affected area was related to the aetiology, clinical features and evolution. RESULTS: The ages varied between 4 months and 16 years. In 7 cases Leigh s disease was diagnosed, 5 had had acute hypoxia, 4 type I glutaric aciduria, and 1 case each of methylmalonic aciduria, Ia gluconeogenesis, CO intoxication, acute striatal necrosis and bacterial meningitis. The putamen was affected in 6 cases, globus pallidus in 4 cases and the lenticular nucleus was damaged in the rest. Three cases also had lesions in the caudate nucleus. MR was better than CT for localization of the precise area involved. Clinically, 13 cases had extrapyramidal signs. We found no relation between the size, localization of the lesion and the prognosis, which was more dependent on the aetiology, only one patient (CO intoxication) recovered and eight died (Leigh s disease and 1 case of hypoxia). CONCLUSIONS: The presence of SBHBG in a patient makes extensive study necessary to find the aetiology. It is a nonspecific finding, usually of metabolic origin and with little correlation with the clinical condition. Its presence implies a poor prognosis and raises suspicion of the presence of certain neurological disorders.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Tumours of chiasmatic and hypothalamic regions in children (author's transl)].

31 cases with tumours in chiasm and hypothalamus are presented. 21 cases had glioma of chiasma (the tumor continued along one or both optic nerves), six cases had craniopharyngioma and four cases had astrocytoma in the hypothalamus. All of these tumours represent 19% of intracranial tumours observed in our service over a period of eleven years. Russell's syndrome was usually seen in cases of gliomas of chiasm. Visual alterations were observed in a high average of patients with any type of the tumours. Skull in lateral view was a positive proof in all the three types of tumours showing "omega" sella turcica in gliomas of chiasm, supra or retro-sellar calcifications in croniopharyngiomas and large sella turcica in astrocytomas of the hypophalamus. Neumoencephalography and angiography were very positives proofs in all types of tumours. Gammagraphy was specially possitive in gliomas of chiasm. Computed axial tomography is very useful in all types of tumour, but our experience is still limited in comparison with other methods. Most effective treatment for gliomas of the chiasm was radiotherapy with shunt in cases with hydrocephalus and total or partial extirpation in astrocytomas of the hypothalamus and in craniopharyngiomas. Survival rate among patients with these types of tumour is high but presence of visual and endocrinological secuelae is very high too.

Brain Neoplasms↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Vertebral and basilar arterial oclusions in children. A case report and review of literature (author's transl)].

A nine-year-old boy with thrombosis in the right vertebral artery is presented. When child was 20 months old symptoms began suddenly with loss of consciousness, hemiparesia in the left side and later on psychomotor involution. The various aspects of the vertebral and basilar occlusions are discussed when they happen before the age of fourteen, of which there are 19 other cases published already. Etiology of this affection is very mixed in children and frequently unknown. There are more than one obstruction in 50% of patients and very often the nearest one is located at the level of the axis. Evolution is better in children than in adults, being dependant on such factors as the type of initial symptom, location of occlusion and quantity of collateral circulation present.

Basilar Artery↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Endocarditis due to Hemophilus para-influenzae associated with mitral valve prolapses (author's transl)].

The authors report one observation of endocarditis due to Hemophilus para-influenzae associated with mitral valve prolapsus. This germ is difficult to isolate and is found late in cultures using standard techniques. The dicovery of germs resistant to ampicillin requires the search for the presence of a betalactamase. When resistant germs are found, the antibiotic of choice is chloramphenicol or cefamandole. This type of endocarditis different from the others on account of the risk major of embolism (60-85 p. 100) which justifies valve replacement when the echography reveals persistant vegetations.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Hepatic distomatosis caused by Clonorchis/Opisthorchis spp. in refugees from South-East Asia. Effects of treatment with praziquantel].

The prevalence of liver infection (percentage of patients voiding Clonorchis or Opistorchis spp. eggs in faeces) is 18.5% in the South East Asian refugees. Both sexes are equally affected and the older the refugees are, the more often they are found infected. Laotians, who like to eat the fishes raw, are harboring leverflukes more often than other Far-east inhabitants. Praziquantel, prescribed at a dose of 25 mg/kg body weight given 3 times on a single day, is very efficient in the treatment of the Far-east hepatic distomatosis. Tolerability to praziquantel is excellent. Side effects are few and of moderate intensity.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Neuronal migration disorders: clinical-radiological correlation].

We present the correlation of imaging findings with clinical deficits in 34 children with several anomalies of neuronal migration which were studied retrospectively. The cases studied corresponded to: Schizencephaly 10, lissencephaly 4, heterotopy 9, and hemimegalencephaly 2. The diagnosis of the malformations was performed by computerized tomography (CT) in a few patients and by magnetic resonance (MR) in most cases. Among the clinical alterations, psychomotor delay and seizures of difficult control were the most severe, both appeared at early age. The findings observed in this study suggest the correlations between extension, location and gray matter displasticity and the neurological manifestations.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Budd-Chiari syndrome in childhood by hipoplasia of suprahepatic veins. Clinical and pathological study of a case (author's transl)].

A case of Budd-Chiari syndrome with hypoplasia of suprahepatic veins is reported. A bibliographic review is made. Etiologic and anatomic factors are analyzed. Its clinical, analytic, pathological and embryologic findings are compared with those of other authors. The rarity of this case, for the age of presentation as much as for its etiology is pointed out.

Arteriovenous Malformations↗