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Biomedical subjects

M C Rousselet

Publications and source records attributed to M C Rousselet.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1998

Follicular dendritic cell sarcoma and interdigitating reticulum cell sarcoma: a review.

Neoplasms of reticular dendritic origin are extremely rare and include the follicular dendritic cell sarcoma (FDCS) and the interdigitating reticulum (or dendritic) cell sarcoma (IDCS). In this article, we review the literature pertaining to the two diseases and describe clinical observations and salient pathologic features, including information provided by authors of FDCS and IDDCS reports. We performed a computerized database search for published articles regarding FDCS and IDDCS. The articles were evaluated critically by the authors. Simple descriptive statistics were used to analyze the data. There are 51 cases of FDCS and 21 cases of IDDCS that are well documented in the literature. The pathologic diagnosis of FDCS and IDDCS is often challenging and requires morphologic, immunophenotypic, cytochemical, and electron-microscopic analysis. Patients with FDCS usually present with cervical or axillary lymphadenopathy, but extranodal disease has been described. In at least some patients, preexisting Castleman's disease has been recognized. Resected localized disease may be prevented from recurrence by consolidative radiotherapy. Chemotherapy regimens have shown nondurable antitumor activity in FDCS. Patients with IDDCS usually present with lymphadenopathy. The clinical course of IDDCS has been variable, but it seems to be more aggressive than that of FDCS. Variable degrees of remission may be achieved with chemotherapy. FDCS and IDDCS are rare neoplasms that may pose difficulty in pathologic diagnosis. IDDCS seems to display a more aggressive behavior than FDCS. Patients with IDDCS and FDCS can eventually die of disease progression. The role of chemotherapy and radiotherapy is not clearly defined.

Dendritic Cells↗
PubMed1998

Antifibrotic and hemodynamic effects of the early and chronic administration of octreotide in two models of liver fibrosis in rats.

The aim of this study was to assess the effect of the early and chronic administration of octreotide in the prevention of hepatic fibrosis and portal hypertension (PHT). Two experimental models of liver fibrosis caused by bile duct ligation (BDL) or CCl4 were divided into 4 rat groups: sham, placebo, and octreotide (10 and 100 micrograms/kg twice daily, subcutaneously). Liver fibrosis was assessed by the area of fibrosis (image analysis), liver hydroxyproline and fibronectin mRNA contents, and serum hyaluronate. Systemic and splanchnic hemodynamic changes were also evaluated, including the splenorenal shunt blood flow by the transit-time ultrasound (TTU) technique. In both models, splenorenal shunt blood flow was significantly lower in the octreotide groups than in the placebo group (P <.05), while portal pressure was not significantly decreased. There was a significant decrease in fibrosis by octreotide in the CCl4 model only: area of fibrosis: 13.9% +/- 3.7% vs. 9.8% +/- 2.5% (P <.01), hydroxyproline: 1.8 +/- 0.6 vs. 1.3 +/- 0.4 mg/g wet liver (P <.05), respectively, placebo vs. octreotide 10 micrograms/kg. There was a significant correlation between the area of fibrosis and hydroxyproline liver content (r =.87 in the biliary model and r =.91 in the CCl4 model; P <.0001). The early and chronic administration of octreotide prevents the development of portocollateral blood flow without reducing portal pressure in two models of liver fibrosis and the development of liver fibrosis in the CCl4 model.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Histopathological evaluation of liver fibrosis: quantitative image analysis vs semi-quantitative scores. Comparison with serum markers.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Liver fibrosis is mainly evaluated by qualitative histological examination. Although histological semi-quantitative scores and quantitative determination with image analysis are now possible, these methods have not been fully validated and compared. Therefore, we evaluated these two methods prospectively in 243 patients with chronic liver disease. METHODS: The semi-quantitative fibrosis score was evaluated by two independent pathologists, using the Knodell fibrosis score and a 6-grade score derived from the Metavir score; the area of fibrosis was measured by image analysis. The serum levels of hyaluronate, N-terminal peptide of procollagen III, laminin, transforming growth factor-beta1, alpha2-macroglobulin, apolipoprotein A1, PGA score and prothrombin index were measured. RESULTS: There was a good correlation between the semi-quantitative fibrosis score and the area of fibrosis (r=0.84, p<10(-4)). Using multiple regression analysis, the semi-quantitative score was predicted by the 8 serum markers with R2=0.69 (R2=0.59 for hyaluronate at the 1st step) while the area of fibrosis was predicted with R2=0.79 (R2=0.76 for hyaluronate at the 1st step), and the Knodell fibrosis score was predicted with R2=0.65 (R2=0.31 for hyaluronate at the 1st step). CONCLUSIONS: The area of fibrosis, as determined by image analysis, and the semi-quantitative score are well correlated. However, for serum markers the correlation is higher with the area of fibrosis than with the semi-quantitative score. Other characteristics such as reproducibility, rapidity, simplicity, adaptability, and exhaustiveness also favor image analysis.

Biomarkers↗
PubMed1998

Primary central nervous system lymphomas in 72 immunocompetent patients: pathologic findings and clinical correlations. Groupe Ouest Est d'étude des Leucénies et Autres Maladies du Sang (GOELAMS)

We reviewed 72 primary central nervous system lymphomas occurring in immunocompetent patients. The cases were reviewed for clinical data, histology, immunophenotype, bcl-2 and p53 expression, and Epstein-Barr virus association. Follow-up was available for 40 patients included in the Groupe Ouest Est d'étude des Leucénies et Autres Maladies du Sang (GOELAMS) lymphomes cérébraux primitifs (LCP 88) trial. Each diagnosis, requiring a consensus among at least 3 pathologists, was performed according to the recent Revised European-American Lymphoma classification and equivalents in the updated Kiel classification. Tumors were predominantly classified as diffuse large B-cell lymphomas. There were 3 T-cell lymphomas and 1 Hodgkin lymphoma. The proteins bcl-2 and p53 were expressed in 35% and 16% of the tested cases, respectively. Epstein-Barr virus was not found by in situ hybridization except in the case classfied as a cerebral localization of Hodgkin disease. No significant association was found between subtypes, bcl-2 or p53 expression, and patient survival. From the standpoint of their biologic characteristics, primary central nervous system lymphomas are very similar to systemic diffuse large B-cell lymphomas. In contrast to AIDS-related primary central nervous system lymphomas, primary central nervous system lymphomas are rarely associated with Epstein-Barr virus and in immunocompetent patients they express bcl-2 at a relatively low rate.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Noninvasive diagnosis of hepatic fibrosis or cirrhosis.

BACKGROUND & AIMS: The evaluation of the degree of hepatic fibrosis is especially important in patients with chronic liver disease. The aim of this study was to study the diagnostic accuracy of noninvasive means. METHODS: Sixty-three clinical, biochemical (prothrombin index, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase and apolipoprotein A1 levels [PGA score]; and hyaluronate, alpha2-macroglobulin, N-terminal peptide of type III procollagen, laminin, and transforming growth factor beta1 levels), Doppler ultrasonic, and endoscopic variables were recorded in 243 patients who were divided into four groups: whole, compensated, alcohol-compensated, and viral-compensated liver disease. Diagnostic accuracy was evaluated by discriminant analysis; first globally, then by stepwise analysis. RESULTS: In three groups, hyaluronate and prothrombin index were the best predictive factors (accuracy, > or =85%). Accuracy for the diagnosis of cirrhosis varied from 89.5% to 95% with global discriminant analysis and from 91% to 94% with stepwise analysis according to the group. In the compensated group, hyaluronate concentration of > or =60 microg/L had a sensitivity of 97% and a specificity of 73%. Diagnostic accuracy was 87% globally for extensive fibrosis. Prothrombin index and hyaluronate were two independent variables predictive of the area of fibrosis (r2 = .66). CONCLUSIONS: With the use of a few noninvasive criteria, cirrhosis can be correctly diagnosed in 91%-94% of patients with chronic liver disease. Serum hyaluronate concentration is the most sensitive variable for screening.

Aged↗
PubMed1997

Interobserver agreement in the staging of rectal cancer using endoscopic ultrasonography.

BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIMS: In rectal tumors invasion of the rectal fat and perirectal lymph nodes are generally regarded as independent prognostic factors in most prospective series. There are no studies in the literature concerning interobserver agreement on the staging of rectal cancer by endorectal ultrasonography (EUS). The aim of the present study was to assess interobserver agreement using EUS in the TN staging of rectal cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Thirty-seven patients with rectal cancer were investigated at two centers using EUS as part of the pretherapeutic staging (Olympus EUM-3 or EUM-20). All examinations were videotaped and reviewed six months later by four independent observers who assessed the stage of the tumor (from uT1 to uT4) and lymphatic invasion on a blinded basis. When the tumor was assessed as uT3, the observers specified the degree of involvement of the rectal fat (in millimeters). Interobserver agreement was estimated using the kappa coefficient (k) and the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Agreement was classed as poor (k < 0.40), fair to good (0.40 < or = k < 0.75) or excellent (k < or = 0.75). RESULTS: Agreement was fair for uT1 tumors (k = 0.40) and poor for uT2 tumors (k = 0.20). Agreement was good (k = 0.58; CI 0.51 to 0.65) for uT3 tumors; there was a significant interobserver correlation for the exact measure of the extent of rectal fat (ICC = 0.65). The agreement was also good (k = 0.54, CI 0.47 to 0.61) for metastatic lymph nodes. CONCLUSION: As in the case of esophageal cancer, interobserver agreement on the staging of uT2 tumors is poor with EUS. The evaluation of rectal tumors with a poor prognosis shows good interobserver agreement.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1997

Sex-related C cell hyperplasia in the normal human thyroid: a quantitative autopsy study.

We report a prospective quantitative image analysis study of C cells in 57 normal autopsy thyroid glands, serially sectioned and wholly embedded in paraffin; all slides were immunohistochemically stained for calcitonin. Computerized quantitative image analysis was performed on 47 cases to measure C cell surface area and parenchymatous surface area after immunoperoxidase staining for calcitonin. The method was time-effective, with a good reproducibility. C cells were mainly found in the middle third of each lobe. Important inter-individual variations were observed; the maximum C cell surface area in a section (Amax) ranged from 28 x 10(3) to 470 x 10(3) microns2 (mean, 167 x 10(3) microns2) among 42 adults. Of particular interest was the important difference observed between sexes; Amax was twice as high in men (mean, 201 x 10(3) microns2) as in women (mean, 91 x 10(3) microns2; P = 0.0009). Moreover, 14 (33%) adult subjects [2 women (15%) and 12 men (41%)] fulfilled C cell hyperplasia criteria, i.e. at least 3 fields at x 100 magnification containing more than 50 C cells, suggesting that a substantial part of the normal adult population could have C cell hyperplasia.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

[Association of hepatic adenomatosis and hepatoportal sclerosis in a woman with incontinentia pigmenti].

We report the case of the association of three uncommon diseases in a young woman: incontinentia pigmenti, portal hypertension due to hepatoportal sclerosis, and liver adenomatosis. Incontinentia pigmenti is a hereditary genodermatosis with pigmentary cutaneous lesions and dysmorphic malformations. In our patient, among liver abnormalities, there were blood biochemical alterations, portal hypertension, and initially neo hepatic nodular lesions. Histological examination of the surgical liver specimen showed several adenomas and fibrosis of the portal tracts with portal vascular changes. The etiopathogenic nature of the adenomatosis and hepatoportal sclerosis is unclear. As a general rule, hepatic adenomatosis is associated with normal liver. We hypothesize that the adenomas could be secondary to changes in hepatic vascularisation.

Adenoma, Liver Cell↗
PubMed1997

Detection rate and intratumoral virus load of human herpesvirus-8 in immunodeficiency-related B-cell lymphoid malignancies.

Human herpesvirus-8 (HHV-8), associated with Kaposi's sarcoma, primary effusion lymphoma, and Castleman's disease, has been found in circulating B-cells and might have a causative role in B-cell malignancies associated with immunodeficiency syndromes. We determined the rate of detection and intratumoral virus load of HHV-8 by means of a semiquantitative approach in post-transplant lymphoproliferative diseases (PTLDs), AIDS-related non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHLs), including both Burkitt's lymphomas (BLs) and large cell lymphomas (LCLs), as well as in control groups consisting of follicular hyperplasias (FHs) and HIV-negative LCLs. HHV-8 sequences were detected at a similar rate in HIV-negative PTLDs (24%), HIV-negative LCLs (22%) and HIV-negative FHs (17%). The detection rate was significantly higher in HIV-positive BLs (73%), HIV-positive LCLs (67%), and HIV-positive FHs (65%) supporting the view of an epidemiological link between HHV-8 and HIV infections. The viral load was 10(2) genome copies per cell in the single case of primary effusion lymphoma included in the LCL group while it was 10(-3) copy per cell (median value; range: 10(-4)-10(-1)) in all the other HHV-8-positive samples. No significant difference of viral load was found according to HIV status. The virus loads of PTLDs and HIV-positive LCLs were significantly higher than those observed in HIV-positive BLs and FHs, suggesting, to some extent, that the degree of immunodeficiency may influence HHV-8 replication. However, with the exception of the single case of primary effusion lymphoma studied, the low intratumoral load of HHV-8 strongly argues against a direct causative agent of the virus in the occurrence of PTLDs and AIDS-related NHLs.

Case-Control Studies↗
PubMed1997

[Unilesional plaque-type mycosis fungoides: 3 cases].

BACKGROUND: The clinical course of unilesional plaques with a histological diagnosis of mycosis fungoides is generally benign. This uncommon situation raises the question of nosology among epidermotropic T-cell proliferations. CASE REPORT: Two women (age 65 and 70 years, cases 1 and 2) and one man (age 66 years, case 3) each had a well-limited unique oval-shaped plaque measuring 1 to 3 cm in diameter for several months. The localization of the erythematous, squamous plaques with minimal infiltration and little or no pruritus remained unchanged in the dorsal area. Histology reported mycosis fungoides: dense superficial dermal infiltration in band attached to the epidermis with a clear lower limit, formed by small and medium-sized atypical lymphocytes, sometimes with cerebriform nuclei. Epidermotropism on isolated cells or theques was noted. There was no spongiosis. Immunolabeling demonstrated predominance of CD4+ cells and tumoral infiltration uptake of anti-V beta 8 monoclonal antibodies in the two cases examined. The lesion totally regressed in case 1 after local application of carmustine with no recurrence after 5 years. Patient 2 declined treatment and no change was observed 5 years later. Surgical exeresis was performed in case 3 without recurrence 3 years later. DISCUSSION: No histological feature or T-cell immunophenotype distinguishes this clinical entity from classical mycosis fungoides. As no other long-term lesions developed, our three cases would argue for a benign course of what is probably a variety of mycosis fungoides. Unilesional plaque mycosis fungoides must be lymphomatoid contact dermatitis. Woringer-Kolopp disease differs by its nearly exclusive epidermotropic distribution.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

Histopathology of bone marrow after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation for chronic myeloid leukaemia.

The histopathology of bone marrow after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation for chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) was studied in 20 bone marrow biopsy specimens from 14 patients. Biopsies were performed at day 30 post-transplantion (5 biopsies), between day 90 and day 100 (14 biopsies), and one year post-transplantation (1 biopsy). Eight biopsies taken at day 30 post-transplantation for lymphoproliferative disorder were studied as controls. Granulopoiesis was predominant in all day 30 bone marrows in patients treated for CML. In 2 cases, rejection was suspected because of marrow hypoplasia at day 30: one case developed acute leukaemia soon after persistant hypoplasia at day 90 while the evolution of the other case was good. Two day 30 biopsies showed granulocytic hyperplasia but follow-up proved complete remission of CML. Thus, in our series, early biopsies at day 30 did not have any prognostic value. Twelve cases at day 90-100 showed little modifications, such as minor dyserythropoiesis and dysmegakaryopoiesis. One case showed granulocytic hyperplasia at day 100 but bone marrow was normal one year later and the patient in complete remission. The haematopoietic reconstitution after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation may present a transient granulocytic hyperplasia that must not be diagnosed as a persistence of CML.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumour after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation.

We report a case of peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumour (PNET) in a 36-year-old man who 10 years earlier received an allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT) for a non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Immunohistochemistry proved definitive elimination of a relapse of the original disease and confirmed the diagnosis of PNET. The role of total body irradiation pre-BMT in the genesis of this secondary tumour is discussed. The importance of registering secondary malignant solid tumours after BMT is emphasized. To our knowledge, an Ewing family tumour following BMT has not previously been reported.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[Immunohistochemical characterization of acute leukemia. Study of 31 bone marrow biopsies].

An immunohistochemical study by avidin-biotin-peroxidase was performed on paraffin-embedded and decalcified bone marrow biopsies in 31 acute leukemias (19 myeloid and 12 lymphoblastic). The Ulex Europaeus lectin and 14 antibodies (anti-CD45, -CD34, -myeloperoxidase, -lysozyme, -CD15, -CD68, -carcinoembryonic antigen, -factor VIII-related antigen, BNH9, anti-CD45RO, -CD3, -CD20, DBB42 and DBA44) were tested. All acute myeloid leukemias from M0 to M5 type were stained by either the anti-myeloperoxidase or anti-lysozyme antibodies. CD68, CD15 and the carcinoembryonic antigen were respectively expressed in 80%, 40% and 20% of myeloid leukemias from M1 to M5 type. The Ulex Europaeus lectin and the anti-factor VIII-related antigen antibody stained only the M7 leukemia and the anti-CD3 antibody stained only the T acute lymphoblastic leukemia. DBB42 was expressed by 63% of B-lineage lymphoblastic leukemias and CD20 by 36%. No leukemia was stained by DBA44. Immunohistochemistry on bone marrow biopsy can assess the lineage of most acute leukemias with the use of a panel of antibodies such as the anti-myeloperoxidase, -lysozyme, -CD68, -CD20, DBB42, -CD3, BNH9, anti-factor VIII-related antigen antibodies and the Ulex Europaeus lectin.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1995

[Hyperthyroidism induced by amiodarone and hyperthyroidism induced by iodine. Histologic, immunohistochemical and ultrastructural aspects].

Amiodarone is a widely-used anti-arythmic drug that induces an iodine overload and, in 1 to 23% of the patients, a thyrotoxicosis. In a few cases, the thyrotoxicosis may be refractory to conventional pharmacological therapy, thus leading to thyroidectomy. We report the thyroid gland pathology in 5 thyroidectomies that were performed for uncontrolled thyrotoxicosis, induced by amiodarone (4 cases) and by Colchimax, another iodine-rich drug (1 case). Two cases have been studied by electron microscopy. Pathologic findings were: [1] colloid transformation of the parenchyma, [2] areas of follicular disruption with numerous foamy macrophages in the colloid, [3] regenerative areas and [4] a moderate T lymphocytic infiltration. No lysosomal lamellar inclusion body was found by electron microscopy. These lesions may be rather specific of an iodine toxicity. The pathogeny is still misunderstood, and probably complex. It may essentially involve toxic mechanisms, as well as immunologic or allergic mechanisms.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Golgi autoantibodies and autoantigens.

Autoantibodies directed against cellular constituents rarely react with antigens localized in the Golgi apparatus and little information is available regarding these particular antibodies. Although thousands of samples have been examined for autoantibodies in our laboratory on a routine basis, only three human sera with anti-Golgi antibodies could be studied. Using pre-embedding immunoelectron microscopy we have demonstrated that these sera have antibodies reacting with antigens located in the Golgi apparatus. The reaction product was exclusively located on cisternal and vesicular Golgi membranes. No intraluminal staining was seen and some saccules were negative. No specificity for a peculiar tissue or cell line was noted, suggesting that the targets or these autoantibodies are evolutionarily conserved. The F(ab')2 fragments retained full binding capacity in indirect immunofluorescence experiments, confirming true antibody activity. When tested by immunoblotting, the three sera reacted with different antigens with relative molecular weights of respectively 230, 150 and 80 kDa. The antigens recognized by anti-Golgi antibodies in two of the three sera were insensitive to trypsin degradation. Together, these results suggest that a set of different autoantigens are recognized by sera from various patients.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

C-cell hyperplasia associated with chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis: a retrospective quantitative study of 112 cases.

Since the first description by Wolfe et al of C-cell hyperplasia (CCH) in asymptomatic relatives of patients suffering from a medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC), several investigators have described CCH associated with a chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis (CLT) not within the context of MTC or multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN). We report the study of C-cell density in 112 cases of CLT on retrospective surgical material to determine the frequency of the association between CCH and CLT. The cases of CLT were compared with 19 normal thyroid glands obtained at necropsy. C cells, immunoreactive with a polyclonal anti-calcitonin (CT) antibody, were counted at high magnification (X400) and the number of low-power magnification (X100) microscopic fields (LPFs) containing at least 50 C cells per slide was assessed. Image analysis was performed to determine the C-cell density expressed in number of C cells/cm2. C-cell hyperplasia was defined by the following criteria: C-cell density > 40 cells/cm2 and the presence of at least three LPFs containing more than 50 C cells. Twenty percent of the cases of CLT showed a CCH thus defined, and four of them had an elevated serum CT level. Statistical analysis showed no clinical or biological correlation with the presence of CCH. However, the frequency of CCH was higher if a follicular cell carcinoma was associated with CLT. This study confirms a pathological association between CCH and CLT, provides new criteria for the definition of CCH on surgical pathology material, and reports four cases with an elevated serum CT level not within the context of MTC or MEN.

Adolescent↗