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Biomedical subjects

M C Tong

Publications and source records attributed to M C Tong.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

Efficacy of ondansetron for prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting after outpatient ear surgery under local anesthesia.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the efficacy and safety of intravenous ondansetron (4 mg) for the prevention of nausea and vomiting after middle ear surgery under local anesthesia. SETTING: The study was conducted by Division of Otorhinolaryngology in Prince of Wales Hospital, which is a tertiary referral center and teaching hospital for The Chinese University of Hong Kong. STUDY DESIGN: A double-blind randomized controlled trial. PATIENTS: Fifty-eight Chinese patients undergoing tympanoplasty under local anesthesia from July 1995 to June 1997 were recruited. The mean age of patients was 42.8 years (range 18-71 years). INTERVENTION: Patients were randomly allocated to receive a single dose of intravenous ondansetron (4 mg) (n = 29) or placebo (n = 29) immediately before surgery. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Patients were assessed for severity and frequency of postoperative nausea and vomiting at the 1st, 2nd, 4th, 8th, and 24th hours after middle ear surgery. RESULTS: Female patients showed a higher prevalence of postoperative nausea and vomiting. Twenty-eight percent of the patients experienced postoperative nausea, of whom 14% also experienced vomiting. Although the ondansetron group demonstrated a lower prevalence of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) (24% nausea and 10% vomiting) than the placebo group (31% nausea and 17% vomiting), significant reduction in postoperative vomiting only occurred in the first postoperative hour (p = 0.038). No complications or adverse side effects were found to be associated with the use of ondansetron. CONCLUSIONS: Single-dose ondansetron (4 mg) given intravenously preoperatively significantly reduces postoperative vomiting in patients after tympanoplasty under local anesthesia and causes no adverse effects.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

Screening for otitis media with effusion to measure its prevalence in Chinese children in Hong Kong.

In an attempt to gain a better understanding of the prevalence of otitis media with effusion (OME) in the Hong Kong community, and to compare the characteristics of the disease here with OME as it is described in the Western literature, we screened more than 6,000 6- and 7-year-old children with both clinical and audiologic examinations. The initial positive screening rate was 5.3%. Upon further evaluation, we determined that the overall prevalence of persistent OME was 2.2%. We found that the disease pattern and natural history of persistent OME in Hong Kong children are similar to those reported in the Western literature.

Acoustic Impedance Tests↗
PubMed2000

Giant benign sinonasal squamous papilloma: report of a case.

We treated a patient with a giant squamous papilloma in the nasal cavity and maxillary sinus that extended through a bony defect into the oral cavity. The mass was excised with a combined endoscopic, Caldwell-Luc, and transoral approach. Lesions of this type are rare, but when they do occur, the rate of recurrence is high. Therefore, long-term followup, including endoscopic examination, is important.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Middle ear effusions after radiotherapy: correlation with pre-radiotherapy nasopharyngeal tumor patterns.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to assess whether pretreatment tumor patterns of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) can predict the status of the middle ear after radiation treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Pretreatment and follow-up magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed in 32 patients (64 ears) who had radiation therapy for NPC. For the purpose of analysis, the ears were placed into their pre-radiation therapy tumor pattern groups and the presence of middle ear effusion (MEE) with regard to eustachian tube (ET) invasion or displacement was identified. RESULTS: MEEs were present in 31 (48.4%) ears after radiation therapy. All of the MEEs that resolved were in the preradiation therapy groups where tumor invasion of the eustachian tube was present irrespective of the amount of ET displacement. There was, however, no significant difference for resolved MEEs between ears with ET invasion or displacement (p = 0.32 and p = 0.71, respectively, Fisher's exact test). The MEEs occurred with significantly greater frequency in ears with minor ET displacement than in those with major ET displacement (p = 0.013, Fisher's exact test) as well as in previously normal ears compared with other groups (p = 0.008, Mann-Whitney U test). CONCLUSION: A pre-radiation therapy NPC tumor pattern was not found that clearly predicted the outcome of MEE after radiation treatment. The findings, however, suggest that approximately one third of MEEs in patients with invasion of ET or paratubal structures, irrespective of the amount of ET displacement, resolve after therapy. The MEEs that were present in ears with ET displacement and no invasion did not resolve despite reversal of the displacement after treatment, which suggests that ET position plays a less important role than invasion in the resolution of MEE. It is, however, difficult to be certain, because ears with invasion were invariably associated with ET displacement, and the contribution of radiation therapy to the development of MEE further complicates the issue.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Nasal manifestation of extranodal Rosai-Dorfman disease--diagnosis and management.

Two cases of Rosai-Dorfman disease with polypoid nasal infiltration mimicking nasal tuberculosis and malignant lymphoma are reported. This rare benign disease was first described by Rosai and Dorfman in 1969 and is characterized by histiocytic proliferation. It is seldom considered in the differential diagnosis of granulomatous diseases due to its rarity and histological similarity to other diseases. Extranodal manifestations of this disease are uncommon. Although no specific treatment can guarantee a sustained remission of this disease, surgery for loco-regional lesions can result in long-term symptomatic control and restoration of function. Both patients underwent endoscopic resection of the nasal polypoid lesions and have subsequently been free of recurrence. Loco-regional infiltration of the nasal cavity by Rosai-Dorfman disease is effectively managed by endoscopic resection.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Reinke's edema.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Edema↗
PubMed1999

Case report of a mass that mimicked an antrochoanal polyp.

We describe the case of a patient who was originally diagnosed with an antrochoanal polyp. During avulsion of the mass by endoscopic polypectomy, it was discovered that the stalk of the polyp actually arose from the mucosa of the right superior turbinate rather than from the mucosa of the maxillary antrum. A diagnosis of choanal polyp was made.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Magnetic resonance imaging and audiologic assessment of middle ear effusions in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma before radiation therapy.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to assess the performance of clinical methods, viz. otoscopy, pure-tone audiometry, and tympanometry in diagnosing middle ear effusions (MEEs) using magnetic resonance imaging as a reference standard. STUDY DESIGN: A retrospective study of 46 patients with newly diagnosed nasopharyngeal carcinoma was performed comparing clinical evaluation and audiometry results with magnetic resonance imaging findings obtained before radiation therapy. RESULTS: Twenty-two (25%) of the temporal bones imaged had both MEE and mastoid effusions, 24 (27%) had only middle ear fluid, and 29 (33%) had mastoid fluid alone. The sensitivity for tympanometry, audiometry, and otoscopy in detecting fluid in the middle ear was 96%, 92%, and 80%, respectively. Although tympanometry was most sensitive in diagnosing MEE, there was no statistically significant difference when comparing the overall accuracy of pure-tone audiometry air-bone gap and tympanometry (p = 0.7, chi-square test). Flat curve tympanograms (type B) only achieved a sensitivity of 45% but were of high specificity (92%). Forty-nine percent with negative pressure tympanograms (mean air pressures > -100 daPa) had no MEE. CONCLUSIONS: Using magnetic resonance imaging as a reference standard, tympanometry is the most sensitive audiologic test in detecting the presence of MEE. The overall accuracy of tympanometry, pure-tone audiometry air-bone gap, and otologic examination was, however, not significantly different.

Acoustic Impedance Tests↗
PubMed1998

Polyotia--a rare external ear anomaly.

A rare case of polyotia in a 7-year old boy associated with first arch syndrome is reported. The accessory auricle formed a well defined helix and conchal bowl located anterior to a normal auricle and an atretic external auditory meatus. Surgical resection and reconstruction resulted in a good cosmetic outcome.

Child↗
PubMed1997

Prevalence of otitis media with effusion in multicultural schools in Hong Kong.

The prevalence of otitis media with effusion (OME) in Asia has only been studied in a limited fashion. This preliminary study forms part of a larger study aiming to establish the prevalence of OME in Hong Kong. One hundred and seventy-seven children (from multicultural schools) between the ages of five and 6.03 years were screened for OME otoscopy and tympanometry. Nine positive screens (5.1 per cent) were obtained for OME. Within this mixed ethnic group, Chinese children had a significantly lower point prevalence (1.3 per cent) than Caucasian children (9.5 per cent) (p < 0.05). Although the point prevalence from this mixed ethnic group of children was significantly higher (p < 0.05) than that of local Chinese school children (1.95 per cent) by the same group of investigators, the point prevalence in the ethnic Chinese children was comparable. The reason for the lower prevalence of OME in the Chinese population needs further research.

Child↗
PubMed1996

Preliminary results of photodynamic therapy for recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a promising new modality in the treatment of cancer. In Hong Kong where nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is endemic, radiotherapy has been the primary treatment of choice. For recurrent disease after radiotherapy, there is no effective treatment. This latter report summarizes our initial experience in using PDT for these patients. Twelve patients (three females and nine males) with ages ranging from 33 to 65 years were treated with an infusion of hematoporphyrin derivative (5 mg/kg) 48-72 h before exposure to 200 J/cm2 light (wavelength, 630 nm) delivered from a gold vapor laser. All 12 patients showed a dramatic response as judged by computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging at 6 months post-PDT. Of the eight patients in whom cure was aimed for, three remained disease-free at 9-12 months after a single treatment. Three of the remaining four patients achieved useful palliation. Skin hypersensitivity occurred in two patients and was the only significant complication encountered. This experience indicates that PDT can be an encouraging palliative or definitive management for recurrent superficial NPC.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Nasal foreign bodies in children.

This study investigates the pattern of pediatric nasal foreign body impaction and its management in a metropolitan area. Data was obtained from 147 children presenting to the Accident and Emergency Department over a 4-year period. The majority of foreign bodies were toys and household products. Complications which occurred, such as ingestion of the foreign body or epistaxis were usually related to attempts at removal. Fourteen cases of local complications resulted from button battery impaction. Most of these patients can successfully be managed without complication if correct procedures are adopted.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1996

A double-blind comparative study of ofloxacin otic drops versus neomycin-polymyxin B-hydrocortisone otic drops in the medical treatment of chronic suppurative otitis media.

Active chronic suppurative otitis media poses a management problem when patients are being considered for surgical treatment. Topical antibiotics have demonstrated varying degrees of success in the management of discharging ears. The introduction of quinolones has revived interest in these topical agents. This double-blind study compares two antibiotics, namely ofloxacin and neomycin-polymyxin B, with similar in vitro sensitivities to Gram positive and Gram negative organisms. Fifty-two patients were selected randomly and the results show that ofloxacin eardrops have marginal benefits in symptomatic improvement (89 per cent versus 79 per cent, p = 0.27) and bacterial eradication (81 per cent versus 75 per cent, p = 0.81) in active chronic suppurative otitis media. Significantly fewer patients (seven per cent versus 29 per cent, p = 0.04) in the ofloxacin group had active disease at the end of the two-week treatment. We recommend the use of ofloxacin eardrops in managing active chronic suppurative otitis media since it has high clinical efficacy, contains no steroid component and has no demonstrated risk of ototoxicity.

Anti-Infective Agents↗