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Biomedical subjects

M C Walter

Publications and source records attributed to M C Walter.

11 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1989

Furosemide overdose and maximal allowable weight standards.

Adherence to the Maximal Allowable Weight (MAW) standards established by regulation can be difficult for many active duty personnel. We have discovered some members of this group utilizing the potentially dangerous rapid weight loss methods that are commonly seen in patients with bulimia and anorexia nervosa. Two cases of furosemide (Lasix) overdose in active duty members are presented in an effort to enlighten military clinicians concerning this hazardous practice in our patient population. Furosemide overdose related to a scheduled or mandatory weight measurement has not been previously reported.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Spinal decompressive procedures and dorsal compartment injuries: comparative biomechanical study in canine cadavers.

Effects of decompressive procedures or dorsal injuries on flexion-extension, 4-point bending properties of the L-3 and L-4 motion segment in dogs were quantitated and compared. Hemilaminectomy did not significantly (P less than 0.05) affect mechanical properties of the spine. Bilateral facetectomy caused a small increase in the range of motion and a 56% decrease in ultimate bending strength. Excision of the supraspinous and interspinous ligaments decreased the flexural stiffness of the spine, increased the range of motion of the interspace, and decreased ultimate flexion bending strength 62%. Dorsal laminectomy caused a marked decrease in spine stiffness in all phases of flexion and extension, increased the range of motion, and decreased ultimate flexion bending strength 75%. Seemingly, a hemilaminectomy was preferable to the dorsal laminectomy if adequate decompression and exploration were achieved with the hemilaminectomy.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Ureterocolonic anastomosis in clinically normal dogs.

Ureterocolonic anastomosis was evaluated in 13 clinically normal dogs. Urinary continence was maintained after surgery, and the procedure was completed without technique errors in all but 2 dogs. Three dogs died within 5 weeks (2 of undetermined causes and 1 of aspiration pneumonia and neurologic disease), and 1 dog was euthanatized 4 months after surgery because of neurologic signs. Two healthy dogs were euthanatized 3 months after surgery for light microscopic evaluation of their kidneys. Five dogs were euthanatized 6 months after surgery for light microscopic evaluation of their kidneys. Gastrointestinal and neurologic disturbances developed in 4 dogs at various postoperative intervals. Plasma ammonia concentration measured in 2 dogs with neurologic signs was increased. Plasma ammonia concentration measured in 5 dogs without neurologic signs was within normal limits. All 5 dogs, in which metabolic acidosis was diagnosed, had high normal or above normal serum chloride concentration. Serum urea nitrogen values were increased after surgery because of colonic absorption of urea. Serum creatinine concentration was increased in 1 dog 6 months after surgery. Individual kidney glomerular filtration rate was reduced in 38% (3/8) of the kidneys from 4 other dogs at 6 months after surgery. Of 5 dogs euthanatized at 3 to 4 months after surgery, 4 had bilateral pyelitis, and 1 had unilateral pyelonephritis. Six months after surgery, pyelonephritis was diagnosed in 40% (4/10) of the kidneys from 5 dogs. The ureterocolonic anastomosis procedure is a salvage procedure that should allow complete cystectomy. However, variable degrees of metabolic acidosis, hyperammonemia, and neurologic disease may result.

Anastomosis, Surgical↗
PubMed1987

Vitamin B-6 metabolism as affected by exercise in trained and untrained women fed diets differing in carbohydrate and vitamin B-6 content.

To assess the effect of exercise on vitamin B-6 metabolism in women, five young-trained, five young-untrained, and five postmenopausal-untrained women were alternately fed four diets and then exercised (80% VO2 max; 20 min) after each diet. The following diets were fed: 2 wk moderate carbohydrate (CHO) (49%) (2.3 mg B-6); 1 wk high CHO (64%) (2.4 mg B-6); 2 wk moderate CHO + B-6 (10.3 mg B-6); 1 wk high CHO + B-6); 1 wk high CHO + B-6 (10.4 mg B-6). Blood was drawn pre- and postexercise and post-30 min and post-60 min of exercise and analyzed for plasma pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP) and total B-6. Twenty-four-hour urines were analyzed for 4-pyridoxic acid and urinary B-6. PLP and total B-6 increased significantly with exercise and decreased significantly from post- to post-60 min for all diets. Four-pyridoxic acid increased significantly from the preexercise day to the day of exercise for all diets. Although there was a significant change in B-6 metabolism with exercise, neither training, increased CHO, nor age had an effect on this change.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Treatment of severely comminuted diaphyseal fractures in the dog, using standard bone plates and autogenous cancellous bone graft to span fracture gaps: 11 cases (1979-1983).

Severely comminuted diaphyseal fractures in 11 dogs were repaired with standard bone plates that spanned a fracture gap filled with autogenous cancellous bone graft. Five dogs had closed injuries, 4 dogs had open fractures, and 2 dogs had infected nonunion fractures for which previous attempts at internal pin fixation had failed. A second autogenous cancellous bone graft was performed in 3 of the dogs during the healing period. The technique was successful in all dogs. The technique was considered a versatile and relatively simple alternative, compared with meticulous small fragment reconstruction and cortical bone allografts.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Pylorectomy and gastroduodenostomy in the dog: technique and clinical results in 28 cases.

Pylorectomy and end-to-end gastroduodenostomy are surgical procedures that allow excision of abnormal pyloric tissue and provide improved gastric outflow. These techniques were used for the treatment of benign, malignant, and ulcerative conditions that were judged to be not adequately treatable with pyloromyotomies or pyloroplasties. End-to-end gastroduodenostomy was not much more difficult than a standard intestinal anastomosis; however, a thorough knowledge of the pyloric area anatomy was required to avoid serious surgical errors. In addition, gentle tissue manipulation and precise suture placement reduced the chance of iatrogenic pancreatitis, biliary obstruction, tissue ischemia, and/or suture line leakage. The results of surgery depended on the underlying disease process. Dogs with benign lesions such as chronic hypertrophic pyloric gastropathy responded favorably to treatment. Dogs with malignant disease and perforated ulcers had low long-term survival rate. Pyloric adenocarcinoma was not adequately treated with this method alone.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Chronic hypertrophic pyloric gastropathy as a cause of pyloric obstruction in the dog.

Six small-breed, middle-age dogs with a history of chronic intermittent vomiting had benign pyloric lesions causing gastric outlet obstruction. Marked similarities were found in clinical signs, pathologic changes, and treatment results. The condition was classified as a syndrome and was named chronic hypertrophic pyloric gastropathy. The appearance of the obstructive lesions at surgery were various forms of mucosal hypertrophy. Microscopically, the syndrome was characterized by mucosal foveolar and glandular hyperplasia, cystic glandular dilatation, superficial mucosal ulcerations, and various cellular infiltrates. The affected dogs were successfully treated by surgical correction of the gastric outlet obstruction.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Effect of sera of patients with genitourinary tract cancers on transformation of lymphocytes stimulated with anti-thymocyte globulin.

Serum from patients with genitourinary cancer was tested for ability to support transformation of autologous or normal lymphocytes stimulated with ATG. Selected for specificity for T-lymphocytes, ATG at times gave a more sensitive indication of a serum defect than did PHA. Although poor transformability in the presence of patient serum suggests an inhibitor, this test cannot rule out the possibility of a limitation of an essential nutrient usually supplied by serum. Presence of inhibitor(s) was more strongly indicated by contrasting transformation of normal lymphocytes with patient serum against a panel of normal sera. The presence of circulating inhibitor(s) was confirmed by demonstrating depression of transformation of normal lymphocytes in complete medium by chromatographic fractions from patient serum that did not support transformation. In several instances, patient serum was more inhibitory of autologous than normal lymphocytes, which suggested an additional way of examining host immune competence.

Antilymphocyte Serum↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Gastric outflow surgical problems.

Gastric outlet disease in the dog and cat can be successfully managed by various surgical techniques. Diagnosis is based upon clinical history, radiographic, fluoroscopic and endoscopic studies, and histological examination of excised tissue. Procedures that can improve gastric outflow include pyloromyotomy, various pyloroplasties, and antrectomy with gastroduodenostomy or gastrojejunostomy. Complications are both perioperative and long-term. A successful outcome is dependent upon proper diagnosis, complete assessment of both related and concurrent disease states, proper selection of surgical procedure, careful surgical technique, and attention to postoperative and long-term complications.

Animals↗