PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

M C del Rio

Publications and source records attributed to M C del Rio.

5 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1995

Drinking and driving in Spain.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to analyze the patterns of alcohol consumption among Spanish drivers and to evaluate possible repercussions on road safety policies. METHOD: A sample of 12,000 drivers aged over 16 were randomly selected from the National Register of Spanish Drivers. The questionnaires, with items on sociodemographic data and on patterns of driving and alcohol consumption, were mailed to selected drivers in the fall of 1993. The study was based on the 1,500 (1,016 from men, 484 from women) properly completed questionnaires received. RESULTS: Among those surveyed, 62.9% were regular drinkers, who had a mean daily alcohol intake of 46.9 grams/day; of these regular drinkers 26.8% drank at a dangerous level. Those who drove regularly were more likely to drink and had a higher alcohol intake. The majority of drinkers recognized that they drove after drinking, 14.3% even acknowledged that last year on some occasions they drove "in a drunken state." Those who drink show high figures of involvement in road accidents. CONCLUSIONS: The study indicates widespread consumption of alcohol by Spanish drivers and the need to develop and improve driving and drinking policies in Spain.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMed1994

Drugs and driving.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMed1992

Patterns of drug use in Castille and Leon (Spain).

A total of 2500 individuals, aged 14-70 years and living in Castille and Leon (Spain), were surveyed in the spring of 1989 with regard to their drug consumption and patterns of use. 'Lifetime' drug users' rates were 30.0% for cannabis, 5.4% for cocaine, 5.2% for amphetamines, 2.4% for psychedelic drugs, 1.5% for opiates, 1.1% for tranquillizers, and 0.4% for inhalants. 'Regular' drug users were more common among cannabis--2.8% of the surveyed--and less frequent among cocaine, opiates and amphetamine users--0.3% of everyone of the substances mentioned above. 'Lifetime' drug users were more common among males than among females, among singles than among married, in those younger (18-29 years of age) and with work problems. The starting age of drug consumption ranged between the average of 15.6 years of age for those who consumed inhalants and 19.5 for those who consumed cocaine. The results allow a better understanding of the pattern of drug use in Castille and Leon (Spain), as well as the 'high' prevalence of drug use in our region.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cytosolic levels of neuron-specific enolase in squamous cell carcinomas of the lung.

To study the behavior and possible correlations of neuron-specific enolase (NSE) with other clinicobiological parameters, we measured the cytosolic levels of this marker by means of an immunoradiometric assay (IRMA) in 95 squamous cell lung carcinoma samples. We also analyzed the levels of pS2, tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA), hyaluronic acid (HA), free beta subunit of human chorionic gonadotropin (beta-HCG), CYFRA 21.1 and CA 125 in cytosol. On the cell surface we analyzed the concentrations of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), HA, erbB-2 oncoprotein, CD44s, CD44v5 and CD44v6. Other parameters considered were clinical stage, lymph node involvement, histological grade (HG), ploidy and the cellular S-phase fraction measured by flow cytometry on nuclei obtained from fresh tissues. In the 95 squamous cell carcinomas the cytosolic levels of NSE varied from 4.5 to 2235 ng/mg protein (median: 267) and were significantly higher (p < 0.001) than those observed in 38 samples of normal pulmonary tissue obtained from the same patients (range: 56-657; median: 141.5). When classifying tumors according to the different parameters analyzed, we observed that the levels of NSE were higher in aneuploid than in diploid cases (p = 0.046) and in those that were HG3 than in those that were HG2 (p < 0.001). Tumors with high NSE levels (> 422 ng/mg protein; 75th percentile) were more likely to have high S-phase values (p = 0.012) and were more frequently aneuploid (p = 0.038) and HG3 (p < 0.001) than those with low levels of NSE (< 180 ng/mg protein; 25th percentile). These results lead us to the following conclusions: 1) the cytosolic concentrations of NSE are significantly higher in squamous cell carcinomas than in healthy pulmonary tissue, and 2) the cytosolic concentrations of NSE are not correlated with clinical stage or nodal involvement. However, in our study higher levels of the enzyme were statistically correlated with aneuploidy, histological grade 3 and S-phase. This may explain its association with poorer outcome and progression, but also the more favorable response of tumors with elevated NSE to chemotherapy, as suggested by other groups.

Adult↗