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Biomedical subjects

M Caltabiano

Publications and source records attributed to M Caltabiano.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1993

Acrofacial dysostoses: review and report of a previously undescribed condition: the autosomal or X-linked dominant Catania form of acrofacial dysostosis.

The acrofacial dysostoses (AFDs) are a heterogeneous group of disorders combining defects of craniofacial and limb development. The predominantly preaxial form is called Nager AFD, the predominantly postaxial form of AFD (POADS) is also known as the Genée-Wiedemann or Miller syndrome. The former appears to be about twice as common as the latter with well-documented autosomal dominant and recessive occurrences in both conditions. Only 1 AD occurrence of POADS is known, but 5 sets of sibs are suggestive of AR inheritance. Heterogeneity of apparently nonsyndromal AFD of both types is powerful support for the hypothesis that the AFDs are polytopic field defects arising during blastogenesis. Six other previously described forms of AFD include the AFD syndrome of Kelly et al. (AR), the Rodríguez or Madrid form of AFD (AR or XLR), the Reynolds or Idaho form of AFD (AD), the Arens or Tel Aviv type of AFD (AF?), the presumed AR AFD syndrome of Richieri-Costa et al., and the AD Patterson-Stevenson-Fontaine syndrome. Here we review the AFDs and report on a previously apparently undescribed autosomal or X-linked dominant form of AFD with mental retardation in a Sicilian mother and her 4 sons.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Effect of nifedipine on cyclosporine A-induced nephrotoxicity, urinary endothelin excretion and renal endothelin receptor number.

The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of a calcium channel blocker on renal function, urinary endothelin excretion and endothelin receptor number in rats. Administration of cyclosporine resulted in a significant impairment of renal function when measured by either [14C]inulin or 24 h creatinine clearances. This nephrotoxicity was associated with statistically significant (P less than 0.05) increases in urinary endothelin excretion and renal endothelin receptor number. Treatment with nifedipine attenuated cyclosporine A-induced renal dysfunction and reduced urinary endothelin excretion. The data provide further evidence of a role for endothelin in cyclosporine A-induced nephrotoxicity.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Reduction of TGF-beta activity abrogates growth promoting tumor cell-cell interactions in vivo.

We have shown in previous studies that metastatically-competent variant subpopulations (B5, C1) derived from a non-metastatic murine mammary adenocarcinoma (SP1) have a pronounced growth advantage over their non-metastatic tumor cell counterparts in primary tumors. As a result, primary tumors can be progressively overgrown by cells having the competence to spread elsewhere in the body. This occurs despite any evidence to indicate an intrinsic in vivo growth rate advantage of the metastatic cells when grown as isolated populations. This suggested that cell-cell interactions between metastatic and non-metastatic tumor populations may be involved in the metastatic cell growth dominance process. Evidence was therefore sought for growth factors released by SP1 cells which could preferentially stimulate the B5 or C1 variants and thereby mediate this cell-cell interaction process. We found that cocultures of SP1 and C1 or B5 cells with irradiated C1, B5, or SP1 "feeder" cells showed significant stimulation of C1 and B5 by SP1 "feeder" cells. Cell growth stimulation in response to EGF, TGF-alpha, TGF-beta 1, bFGF, PDGF, NGF, IGF-1, or IGF-2 demonstrated that only TGF-beta 1 could duplicate this effect. A repeat of the coculture experiment in the presence of specific neutralizing anti-TGF-beta antibodies was therefore undertaken and this was found to markedly reduce the stimulation of C1 or B5 cells by irradiated SP1 cells. Conditioned media from the SP1 and C1 cell lines was quantitated for TGF-beta activity and contained 4.5 ng/ml and 2.0 ng/ml, respectively. However, the majority of the TGF-beta released by SP1 cells was found to be spontaneously active, whereas 70% of the TGF-beta released by C1 cells was in its latent form. Scatchard analysis revealed approximately four times the number of TGF-beta receptors, of similar type and affinity, present on C1 as compared with SP1 cells. The in vitro results support the hypothesis that active TGF-beta released by SP1 cells may stimulate the proliferation of metastatic variant cells in a paracrine like fashion. In vivo evidence for this was obtained by showing that coinjection of irradiated SP1 cells could selectively stimulate tumor growth of viable C1 cells and this effect was markedly diminished by neutralizing polyclonal anti-TGF-beta antibodies. Taken together, the results suggest a novel role for TGF-beta in clonal evolution of malignant tumor growth and as a molecular mediator of tumor cell-tumor cell interactions involved in facilitating tumor progression.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1990

[Dental age evaluation in young subjects with Cooley's disease].

The AA. have evaluated dental age in growing subjects with Cooley's anemia. 34 patients aged from 4 to 11.8 years were clinically examined as far as the number of teeth erupted. Dental arches x-rays were taken for each patients to evaluate dental age according to dental development. From the data collected in our investigation it comes out that there were no difference between dental age and chronological age.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1984

[Cesarean section: incidence, indications and early maternal morbidity (comparison of 2 periods: 1970-1972 and 1980-1982)].

In this study the authors compared cesarean section rate and post-operative maternal morbidity occurred during the period 1970-72 with the period 1980-82. The data showed an increased cesarean section rate from 8% to 24% but no difference about number of maternal post-operative complications and fever. Particularly post-operative maternal morbidity in emergency cesarean section fold down till to reach the already low morbidity found in elective cesarean section, besides febrile urinary tract infections are reduced in period 1980-82. No reduction was instead noted in post-cesarean endometrities and bronchopulmonary complications.

Cesarean Section↗
PubMed1984

[Short- or long-term antibiotic prophylaxis in obstetric and gynecologic laparotomy?].

This clinical trial was conducted to test the effectiveness of short-term prophylaxis (1 hour before, 8 and 16 hours after surgery) and long-term prophylaxis (8 hour a part 5 days long post-operatively) in preventing morbidity related to obstetrics and gynecological abdominal surgery. Short-term prophylaxis was always performed by cefuroxime meanwhile gynecological long-term prophylaxis was performed by ampicillin plus oxacillin and by cefuroxime in case of obstetrical surgery. The results showed that long-term prophylaxis is unnecessary and short-term prophylaxis is preferable because of decreased toxicity, a smaller hospital dispensary cost and a real prophylactic action because tha antibiotic is in the tissue before exposure to the infective agents.

Ampicillin↗
PubMed1984

[Breech presentation: cesarean section or vaginal delivery?].

The Authors studied breech presentation rate occurred in the Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology of University of Parma during 1983. Perinatal morbidity and mortality occurred after vaginal delivery was also compared with those occurred after both emergency and elective cesarean section. Breech presentation delivery vaginally in 12,91% and by cesarean section in 87,09%. Only one case of perinatal death occurred in 1983 and it was not related to breech presentation. Breech delivery showed the 31,18% of neonatal morbidity with an higher rate in case of vaginal delivery (66,66%). In conclusion the Author's opinion is that vaginal breech delivery should be explained in a few cases according to all possible hazards.

Breech Presentation↗
PubMed1984

[Serial determination of HbA1 or the oral glucose test in the adequate evaluation of fetal growth?].

The authors compared sequential HbA1 levels with the results obtained by oral glucose tolerance test (O.G.T.T.) with the purpose of detecting the confidence limit of each test regarding the glucose control in pregnant women. HbA1 detection showed more sensitivity than O.G.T.T. in detecting maternal impaired glucose control and in distinguishing between a metabolic or a genetic feto-neonatal macrosomia.

Embryonic and Fetal Development↗
PubMed1984

RDS prophylaxis in preterm labor: corticosteroids and beta-mimetics association-indications and limits.

This study relates an incidence of maternal and feto-neonatal side effects at the Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology of the University of Parma. Neonatal morbidity and mortality upon administration of corticosteroids and beta-mimetic drugs were observed. Remarkable was the low rate of maternal side effects and that their seriousness was quite inferior to that found by other authors. The fetal and neonatal side effects or symptoms were very few and it was impossible to ascertain whether they were due to the therapy, a consequence of maternal pathological events, the kind of delivery, gestational age or some other unknown factor. Finally, this study points out that the maternal, fetal and neonatal side effects can not be considered serious enough to judge the associated tocolytic and corticosteroid treatment unacceptable.

1,2-Dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine↗
PubMed1984

Squamous cell carcinoma arising in a dermoid cyst of the ovary. Clinical and pathological report of a case.

A case of squamous cell carcinoma arising in a dermoid cyst of the ovary of a 38 year-old woman is reported. Its frequency is nearly 1%; nevertheless it is opinion that the real frequency could be higher if the hystological examination of the cyst would be made more accurately. Clinical and pathological findings of this case are presented in this brief note. The importance to always make an intraoperatively frozen-section examination is emphasized. The patient is alive and well after six months after surgery.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Pregnancy, labor and perinatal outcome: comparison between an obstetric-pediatric multi center study of the Perinatal Preventive Medicine subproject of the National Research Council and clinico-statistic study in the second semester 1981 at the Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinic of Parma].

The data collected from women who delivered in the Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology of the University of Parma since 1/7/81 till 31/12/81 were compared to those of the Obstetric-Pediatric Policentric Study of the Subproject of Perinatal Medicine sponsored by N.R.C. (National Research Council) collected since 1973 to 1977. The maternal wish of pregnancy and the total number of obstetrical controls during pregnancy were higher in the data of Parma than in the data of N.R.C. No differences between the two groups were noted in the obstetrical pathological patterns. Spontaneous labor and elective cesarean section are more frequent in Parma meanwhile there is a minor incidence of low weight newborn and perinatal mortality. No difference was noted in the preterm labor incidence.

Body Weight↗