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Biomedical subjects

M Campanacci

Publications and source records attributed to M Campanacci.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Adjuvant chemotherapy in the treatment of clinically localised Ewing's sarcoma.

The results are presented of thirty-seven patients with Ewing's sarcoma; ten were treated by a combination of operation, radiotherapy and cyclic chemotherapy, the remainder by radiotherapy and chemotherapy but without operation. The drugs, vincristine, cyclophosphamide and adriamycin were used in combination and were continued for two years. The follow-up ranged from twelve to sixty-two months. The mortality rate and the incidence of metastases were both markedly lower than in a comparable previous series treated by radiotherapy alone, or by operation plus radiotherapy, but all without chemotherapy. The percentage of local recurrences and of metastases was much higher in the twenty-seven patients who had radiotherapy and adjuvant chemotherapy, than in the ten in whom operation was also performed. It is suggested that on the basis of these results (and on theoretical grounds) treatment should consist of radiotherapy combined with chemotherapy plus, whenever feasible, operative excision of the primary tumour.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Interilioabdominal amputation.

Thirty two consecutive cases of interilioabdominal amputation are reported. They were performed for malignant tumours of the hip and the proximal end of the femur and thigh. This operation is rather more frequently indicated than disarticulation of the hip and involves less trauma.

Amputation, Surgical↗
PubMed1977

Epiphyseal chondroblastoma (a study of 39 cases).

A fully documented series of thirty nine cases of epiphyseal chondroblastoma is described. This is a remarkable series because of the rarity of this tumour. There is a slight predilection for the male sex. The age most affected is ten to twenty years. The tumour progresses slowly and joint involvement and pain are slight. The commonest site is the proximal epiphysis of the humerus, followed by the epiphyses of the knee. The classical appearances are of a clearly defined area of osteolysis, central or eccentric, with foci of calcification, in the epiphyseal or apophyseal regions, and often transgressing the epiphyseal cartilage. We have never observed involvement of the opposite bone in the affected joint. In four of our thirty nine cases the neoplasm invaded the point and/or soft tissues. The differential diagnosis, especially in localisations at the knee, is with giant cell tumour. The tumour is slow growing and the prognosis is always good. We have never seen malignant transformations or so-called "benign" pulmonary metastases. The few recurrences in this series (five out of thirty nine) were all cured by a second operation. Curettage and grafting is the operation of choice.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Scaglietti's method for conservative treatment of simple bone cysts with local injections of methylprednisolone acetate.

The results of 30 consecutive cases of simple bone cysts treated conservatively by intracystic injections of methylprednisolone acetate (MPA) according to the method of Scaglietti are reported. The injections were given under general or local anaesthesia in doses of 80-200 mgs repeated every 2 months up to a total of 2 or 3 injections, rarely more. The minimum period required for achieving a result is 6 months; but there is a continuation of radiographic improvement for 1 to 2 years. There is complete radiographic cure in about half the cases; in the others there is a substantial improvement which makes surgery unnecessary. We have used this method systematically for 3 years, and out of 42 cases only one required operation because of a displaced subtrochanteric fracture. There was a partial recurrence in one case after apparent radiographic cure. The patients' age does not seem to affect the result but we gained the impression that the effect of MPA is quicker and more reliable in younger patients. Although we do not understand the mechanism of cure in this method it has undoubted advantages over surgery.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Giant-cell tumor and chondrosarcomas: grading, treatment and results (studies of 209 and 131 cases).

The Author reviews 209 cases of giant-cell tumor (follow-up 3-42 years in 130 cases) and 131 chondrosarcomas (70 central, 50 peripheral, 11 periosteal; follow-up 10-32 years in 63 cases). Giant-cell tumors are graded into three radiographic types (calm, active, aggressive) and three histologic types (typical, aggressive, sarcoma). Chondrosarcomas were also graded into three radiographic and three histologic types (grades I, II, III). Incidence and mutual relationships of radiographic and histologic grades are presented. In recurrences it is possible to observe a progression of malignancy in giant-cell tumor and - more often - in chondrosarcomas. Results are related to the radiographic and histologic grading and to the type of treatment. Indications for treatment are given according to the experience gained from this study. The Author enumerates the surgical techniques he has found most suitable for the conservative treatment of these tumors when resection is indicated.

Bone Neoplasms↗
PubMed1976

Osteofibrous dysplasia of long bones a new clinical entity.

A new clinico-pathologic entity is described. It is defined as osteofibrous dysplasia of long bones, and is based on twenty two personal observations to which are added seventeen cases from the literature. This dysplasic congenital lesion is clearly differentiated from fibrous dysplasia by clinical, radiographic and histological characteristics and by its clinical course. These features may be summarised as follows: 1) Slight predominance of the male sex. 2) Very early age of onset either at birth or in the first years of life. 3) Site almost exclusively tibial, sometimes also in the fibula. Localisation predominantly in the middle third of the tibial diaphysis, but sometimes in the distal or proximal third. In the fibula, it is always at the distal third. 4) The lesion is painless and generally causes bony enlargement. There is often slight anterior bowling and more rarely, slight varus of valgus bowing. Pathological fracture may occur; rarely there is a pseudarthrosis. 5) The radiographic appearances are very characteristic, with enlargement of the bone, intracortical osteolytic lesions with thinning or disappearance of the external cortex, sclerotic reaction on the medullary aspect, and narrowing of the medullary canal. 6) The histological features are also typical, consisting of fibrous tissue enclosing bone trabeculae lined by osteoblasts and a "zonal" architectural pattern. 7) Sometimes the lesion tends to heal spontaneously in the very early years of life; in other cases it is moderatley progressive. It relapses frequently after curettage, but such recurrences are generally non-progressive. In some cases slight anterior bowing persists permanently. 8) Surgery should be restricted to patients over the age of five in whom the lesion is extensive, with imminent or actual pathological fracture, and to the rare cases of pseudarthrosis. The results are good even in cases of relapse or pseudarthrosis. The correction of residual bowing, if indicated, can safely be carried out with one or more osteotomies at the age of ten to twelve years.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Aneurysmal bone cyst (a study of 127 cases, 72 with longterm follow up).

127 cases of aneurysmal bone cyst are analysed, seventy two of which were followed up from one to fifteen years after treatment. Statistics on sex, age, site and localisation are reported. Symptoms, radiographic features, histological appearances and differential diagnosis are discussed. In half the cases the cyst was clearly shown to be of subperiosteal origin. The aetiology is unknown, but the pathogenesis seems to consist of a haemorrhagic and hyperplastic (not neoplastic) process which is progressive but has a tendency to become stabilised on reaching a certain point of maturation. Local excision is indicated or, in cases where this is difficult to carry out, radiotherapy. Recurrences occurred in 12 per cent of the cases, always within one year after operation. All cases were eventually cured and there was no evidence of malignant transformation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Ewing's sarcoma of the soft tissues? Case report.

A case is reported of a malignant tumour of the soft tissues of the leg, with histological and pathological features comparable with those of Ewing's sarcoma of bone. This extension of the term Ewing's sarcoma to the soft tissues is proposed and the differential diagnosis is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Periosteal osteosarcoma. Review of 41 cases, 22 with long-term follow-up.

This study is based on 41 cases of parostesl (or juxta cortical) osteogenic sarcoma, which the authors prefer to define as periosteal osteosarcoma. The clinical features, radiological and histological characteristics are analysed. Treatment and prognosis are discussed. The treatment usually indicated is amputation, but in selected cases radical segmental resection is appropriate. The prognosis is comparatively favourable if the correct surgical treatment is carried out without delay.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Osteosarcoma: A review of 345 cases.

345 cases of osteosarcoma are reviewed. The long term results are known in 240. The overall ten year survival rate was 5 per cent. This is analysed in relation to age, site of tumour, radiographic grading, and method of treatment. There were no survivors in patients under the age of fifteen; in tumours of the proximal half of the femur and humerus; or tumours of the trunk. If these cases are excluded, amputation gave a ten year survival rate in 11 per cent. The radiographic grading expressed in relation to expansion of the tumour has a significant relationship to the prognosis. In the authors' experience histological grading of the tumour is not feasible and probably has no bearing on the prognosis. The authors express their preference for treatment based on their analysis of this series.

Adolescent↗