Biomedical subjects

M Campaniello

Publications and source records attributed to M Campaniello.

4 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2001

Has there been a decrease in the prevalence of mood disorders in HIV-seropositive individuals since the introduction of combination therapy?

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of current mood disorders in HIV-seropositive patients treated with combined antiretroviral drug therapy including or not protease inhibitors. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: A random sample of 90 subjects consecutively attending, between February 1 and July 31, 1998, the outpatient unit of the Second Department of Infectious Diseases of the 'L. Sacco' Hospital in Milan was assessed by means of the Structured Clinical Interview for DSMIII-R (SCID) and the Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale (ZSDS). RESULTS: Twenty-three-point-three percent of the subjects were classified in CDC stage A, 32.3% in CDC stage B and 44.4% in CDC stage C. A DSMIII-R psychiatric diagnosis of current mood disorder was found in 4.4% of the recruited sample (dysthymia: 2.2%; adjustment disorder with depressed mood: 2.2%). CONCLUSIONS: Direct and indirect effect of new combination therapies, epidemiological changes in social groups affected by HIV and possible modifications in social perception of people with HIV infection may explain, at least in part, the decreased prevalence of current mood disorders observed in our study as compared to prevalence rates reported in the pre-HAART era.

Adult↗

PubMed1996

Geometry of the carotid arteries and tilt-up hypotension in subjects with essential arterial hypertension.

Dysfunction of the baroreceptor structures located in the carotid bulb is considered responsible for hypotensive responses to orthostatic posture in hypertensive subjects. Because of a recurrent vascular impairment in essential hypertensives, the authors hypothesized that in these cases the baroreceptive dysfunction could be related to some peculiar vascular disarrangement of the carotid arteries, at the level of the bulb. To test this, they compared two groups of mild essential hypertensives, divided into group A--15 subjects considered hyporeacting because of a decrease in mean blood pressure > or = 10 mmHg at the first minute of a passive orthostatic stress--and group B--15 subjects considered normoreacting because of an increase in mean blood pressure > or = 5 mmHg. They evaluated by high definition echo Doppler ultrasonography: (1) an arterial compliance index, (2) the volume of the carotid bulb, and (3) a score expressing the degree of arteriopathy at the level of the carotid arteries. In group A, results demonstrated a significant impairment of the carotid artery structure, expressed by an increase in volume of the carotid bulb (389.4 +/- 134.7 vs 233.2 +/- 116.5 mm3, P < 0.05) and a higher vascular score (2.7 vs 1, P < 0.001), while the index of arterial compliance was similar in the two groups. In conclusion, in mild essential hypertension a baroreceptor dysfunction could be strictly linked to a derangement of the carotid artery structure, while arterial compliance does not seem to involve the baroreceptor function.

Adult↗

PubMed1994

[The echocardiographic assessment of the functional variations in the left ventricle induced by isometric stress in subjects with primary cardiomyopathy in the pre-dilated phase].

The aim of this study was to assess whether a sudden increase in left ventricular (LV) afterload in a pre-dilated condition of idiopathic cardiomyopathy, in associated with some non-invasively detectable impairment of LV function. Ten subjects (Group A, 7 males, 3 females, mean age 36.7 +/- 11.4 years), submitted to cardiac catheterization because of severe symptoms related to ventricular arrhythmias, were found to have normal coronary arteries and left ventricular function, but histological features suggestive of congestive cardiomyopathy at endomyocardial biopsy. Echocardiography was performed during handgrip for 5 min at 30% of the maximal effort, in order to obtain a sharp increase in systolic LV pressure of more than 40 mm Hg. Ten healthy subjects were used as controls (Group B). Results in Group A showed a significant decrease in LV ejection fraction (from 62.4 +/- 6.9 to 57 +/- 7; p < 0.005) and LV shortening fraction (from 34.2 +/- 5.1 to 31 +/- 4.3; p < 0.01); a significant increase in LV systolic volume (from 48.2 +/- 9.1 to 60.0 +/- 12.0; p < 0.005) and systolic stress (from 114.6 +/- 33.2 to 178.8 +/- 58.2; p < 0.001). At the first minute of recovery LV function normalized quickly while LV systolic volume remained moderately increased (52.5 +/- 10.2). In conclusion, in pre-congestive dilated cardiomyopathy a latent impairment in LV function can be detected during a sharp increase of LV afterload. Isometric stress is particularly useful in eliciting these transient changes, as the method allows a reliable echocardiographic examination during maximal stress and not only during the recovery phase, as in dynamic stress.

Adult↗

PubMed1992

[Changes in left ventricular filling after acute increase of afterload in essential arterial hypertension with or without left ventricular hypertrophy].

It is debatable whether a direct causal link exists between left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) and abnormal left ventricular filling (LVF) in arterial hypertension (AH). To assess if LVH is responsible for peculiar patterns of LVF, we examined 30 selected subjects, similar in age and body surface area, by Doppler echocardiography: 10 hypertensives (SBP: 158 +/- 15; DBP: 105 +/- 7 mmHg) with LVH (IM: 154 +/- 19 mg/m2) (Group 1); 10 hypertensives (SBP: 157 +/- 9; DBP: 101 +/- 5 mmHg) without LVH (IM: 105 +/- 17 mg/m2; Group 2); 10 normotensives without familiar history of AH (Group 3). LVF was analyzed in baseline conditions and during transient afterload increase, obtained by isometric exercise (handgrip, HG, for 5 min at 30% of maximal effort). At rest: 1) A wave peak velocity resulted significantly higher (p less than 0.01) in Group 1 (61 +/- 3 cm/s) versus Group 3 (52 +/- 7 cm/s), and E wave peak velocity was significantly lower in Group 1 (58 +/- 13 cm/s) versus Group 3 (74 +/- 10 cm/s); 2) Group 2 values (E wave: 66 +/- 12; A wave: 58 +/- 15 cm/s) were intermediate between those of groups 1 and 3, and with no significant differences; 3) E/A ratio resulted significantly lower both in Group 1 (1.04 +/- 0.2) and Group 2 (1.21 +/- 0.2) versus Group 3 (1.6 +/- 0.4).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Blood Pressure↗