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Biomedical subjects

M Can

Publications and source records attributed to M Can.

17 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Indirect reduction and biological internal fixation of comminuted subtrochanteric fractures of the femur.

BACKGROUND: Surgical treatment of comminuted subtrochanteric fractures may be associated with high incidences of non-union and implant failure. Biological fixation may solve this problem by encouraging rapid callus formation which buttresses the medial cortex. METHODS: In all, 33 patients with comminuted subtrochanteric femur fractures underwent indirect reduction and biological internal fixation. The mean age of the group was 39.12 (19-64) years. RESULTS: Patients were followed up for a mean of 24.6 (12-66) months. Union was achieved within a mean of 15.10 (13-22) weeks, with no cases of delayed union or non-union but with limb-length discrepancy, mean 1.22 (1-2) cm, in nine cases. According to the Traumatic Hip Rating Scale, functional results were excellent in 23 and good in 10 cases. CONCLUSIONS: Indirect reduction and biological internal fixation yield acceptable results in comminuted fractures. These good results can be attributed to early weight-bearing with rapid solid callus formation and early union, which are particularly advantageous in comminuted subtrochanteric fractures, avoiding the implant failure which is not uncommon in these fractures.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Evaluation of effects of ischaemia on the albumin cobalt binding (ACB) assay in patients exposed to trauma.

BACKGROUND: In the emergency department (ED), the diagnosis of acute myocardial ischaemia is very difficult because of the absence of a rapid, reliable diagnostic test. The albumin cobalt binding (ACB) assay is a good candidate as a marker for for detection of myocardial ischaemia, as it is an easy and rapid test. To date, however, the way in which alterations in metal binding sites of human serum albumin depend on ischaemic events has not been reported in detail. METHODS: We studied 92 patients admitted to the ED within 1 hour after exposure to trauma. Trauma patients divided into two groups according to their Injury Severity Score (ISS): group 1 comprised mildly injured patients who had ISS trauma score <15 (n = 60), and group 2 comprised moderately injured patients with ISS trauma score >15 (n = 32). The blood specimens of 30 healthy volunteers were studied as a control group. RESULTS: Group 2 showed significantly increased ACB levels (0.63 (0.18) absorbance units (ABSU)) compared with group 1 (0.54 (0.14) ABSU) (p<0.05) and controls (0.39 (0.05) ABSU) (p<0.01). Group 1 showed significantly enhanced ACB values compared with controls (0.54 (0.14) v 0.39 (0.05) ABSU) (p<0.01). CONCLUSION: Consequently, trauma enhances ACB levels, which may affect the diagnostic performance of the ACB assay, and this effect can limit the ability of the assay for detection of myocardial ischaemia in patients exposed to trauma.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed2005

Multivoxel magnetic resonance spectroscopy in gliomatosis cerebri.

Gliomatosis cerebri is a rare entity with non-specific clinical and conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings; accurate diagnosis is a differential diagnostic challenge. MR spectroscopy has recently been introduced as a useful diagnostic tool for detection of this entity. We present a gliomatosis cerebri case in which we made the radiological diagnosis using the MR spectroscopy findings; the diagnosis was confirmed by subsequent biopsy and histopathologic evaluation. Multivoxel spectroscopy (CSI, PRESS, 1500/135) shows a marked increase in Cho/NAA (6.6), normal to mild increase in Cho/Cr (1.2), and marked decrease in NAA/Cr (0.2) compared with the normally appearing contralateral side (Cho/NAA: 0.8, Cho/Cr: 0.9, NAA/Cr: 1.2).

Adult↗
PubMed2004

The role of oxidants and antioxidants in generalized vitiligo at tissue level.

BACKGROUND: The role of oxidative stress has not been fully understood in the aetiopathogenesis of vitiligo in different studies. AIM: We aimed to investigate the role of the oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of vitiligo. METHODS: In this study, we examined levels of superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, malondialdehyde and nitric oxide in tissue of 25 patients with generalized vitiligo and 25 healthy controls. RESULTS: Our results revealed that levels of superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and malondialdehyde in tissue were significantly increased in patients with generalized vitiligo (P < 0.05). However, there was no statistically significantly difference between two groups at tissue level of nitric oxide (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: Our results demonstrate the presence of an imbalance in the oxidant-antioxidant system in vitiligo at tissue level and provide further support for a free radical-mediated damage as an initial pathogenic event in melanocyte degeneration in vitiligo.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

Lumbar stiffness but not thoracic radiographic changes relate to alteration of lung function tests in ankylosing spondylitis.

Involvement of the costovertebral (CV) and costotransverse (CT) as well as the sacroiliac (SI) joints is known to occur in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS). The functional significance of these changes is not clear. We have performed clinical and radiological evaluations and assessed the effect of joint involvement on pulmonary function. We detected radiologic evidence of involvement of the CV joint in 80% of patients and of the CT joint in 60 %. We found a direct relation between the severity of CV, CT and SI joint affliction, and the severity of CV and SI joints were related to time of evolution of the disease. Pulmonary function tests revealed neither restrictive nor obstructive defects. No relation was found between pulmonary function and CV and CT joint affliction. Patients with stiffer spines had a tendency to have pulmonary function tests within the lower limit of the normal range. In patients with AS diaphragmatic breathing might compensate the chest respiration to some extent.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Blue naevus with satellitosis mimicking malignant melanoma.

Blue naevus is an acquired benign melanocytic naevus. It is a firm, sharply defined dark blue to grey-black papule or nodule, which is likely to arise from the arrested dermal melanocytes in the dermis. In the last few years, blue naevus has attracted much attention due to the recognition of new entities and to its confusion with malignant melanoma. We report a 69-year-old man who developed a blue-black nodular lesion with satellitosis on his scalp. Although clinically it was thought to be a malignant melanoma, histopathological investigation and conservative methods such as dermatoscopy and power Doppler ultrasonography did not confirm this diagnosis. Histopathological examination excluded malignant melanoma, as there were no cellular atypia and mitotic activity in either the nodular lesion or the satellitosis. Doppler ultrasonography confirmed the benign nature of the lesion. Dermatoscopic examination showed homogeneous steel-blue pigmentation with individual blue globules, dots and some brown veils, and confirmed the histopathological diagnosis. To the best of our knowledge, our case is the third reported case of a blue naevus with satellitosis mimicking malignant melanoma.

Aged↗
PubMed2001

Cost-effectiveness of cefepime + netilmicin or ceftazidime + amikacin or meropenem monotherapy in febrile neutropenic children with malignancy in Turkey.

Infection remains the major cause of morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised children with malignancy. In addition, the economic impact of antibiotic treatment should always be evaluated, especially in developing countries. In our center between January 1998 and January 1999, 73 children with hematological malignancies [acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), acute myeloid leukemia (AML)]; 9 children with solid tumors (rhabdomyosarcoma, neuroblastoma) had 87 febrile neutropenic episodes (related to chemotherapy). These children were randomized prospectively into three treatment groups. The first group (n: 28) received cefepime plus netilmicin, while the second group (n: 29) was treated with ceftazidime plus amikacin and the third (n: 30) with meropenem as monotherapy. The aim of the study was to compare the success rates and cost of fourth generation cephalosporin plus aminoglycoside and monotherapy of meropenem with ceftazidime plus amikacin, which is the standard therapy for febrile neutropenia. Microbiologically documented infections were 29.9%, clinically documented infections were 9.2% and 60.9% of the febrile neutropenic episodes were considered to be FUO. Gram-positive microorganisms were the most commonly isolated agents from blood cultures [MRSA (Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus) in 6 patients and MSSA (Methicillin Sensitive Staphylococcus aureus) in 4 patients]. The success rates were 78.5%, 79.3% and 73.3 % for the 1st, 2nd and 3rd groups respectively. In 4 patients (4.5%) fever responded only to amphotericin-B therapy. There was no statistically significant difference between the three treatment regimens with respect to efficacy, safety and tolerance (chi2 test, p>0.05), but while the third and fourth generation cephalosporins + aminoglycosides were comparable for cost, the monotherapy regimen was the most expensive. The main determining factors for the choice of treatment of febrile neutropenic children, especially in a developing country, are cost, presence of indwelling catheter and the bacterial flora of the unit, as well as efficacy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

Interstitial irradiation for craniopharyngioma.

The results of interstitial irradiation treatment for craniopharyngioma in two patients with six year follow-ups are presented. Stereotactic interstitial irradiation with Iodine-125 sources as sole therapy was employed in two adult patients who refused surgical resection. The diagnoses were confirmed by stereotactic biopsy. The first tumour which underwent interstitial irradiation was solid and 4 cm in diameter, and the second, 2.7 cm in diameter, had both cystic and solid components. The implanted Iodine-125 seeds delivered 67 Gy and 60 Gy to tumour periphery at the rate of 12 and 14 cGy/h, respectively, were removed at the end of designated radiation periods. Tumour shrinkage and central hypodensity, first observed 3 months after irradiation, continued until one tumour shrank to less than 1 cm at 12 months, and the other disappeared completely at 24 months. In both cases functional integrity was restored, and neither radiation induced toxicity nor recurrence has occurred six years after treatment. The results in these two cases suggest that solid craniopharyngiomas are sensitive to interstitial irradiation.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Flouride release from various restorative materials.

Fluoride release from six light-activated restorative materials, including two resinmodified glass-ionomers, two composites, and two compomers, was evaluated and compared with one conventional acid-based glass-ionomer cement. The amount and rate of release varied among the tested materials. Both resin-modified glass-ionomers and the conventional acid-base glass-ionomer cements released more fluoride then the composites and compomers (p < 0.05). Additionally, composite materials released less fluoride than compomer materials (p < 0.05). Release of fluoride by the tested materials showed a significant decrease after all the tested time intervals.

Acrylic Resins↗
PubMed1996

Lactate dehydrogenase activity in periodontal ligament cells stored in different transport media.

BACKGROUND: Maintaining viability of periodontal ligament cells is important after an avulsion injury occurs. OBJECTIVE: This study examined cell death and compared different transport media at varying times. Lactate dehydrogenase (LD) measurements were made on root surfaces of extracted teeth for evaluating the results of breakdown and necrosis of periodontal ligament cells. STUDY DESIGN: Teeth were divided into three groups. Each was immersed in one of the following storage media: Hanks balanced salt solution, Custodiol solution (an organ storage medium), or sterile saline solution. I.D. measurements (an indicator of cell death) were made at 2, 6, 24, 72, and 168 hours after extraction. RESULTS: When the LD levels were compared according to the time periods, a progressive increase of cell death was found to be statistically significant (p < 0.001). However, when the effects of both time periods and the kind of storage medium on the LD levels were examined, the LD levels of the saline solution storage medium were found to be significantly higher (p < 0.001) than that of the other two groups. CONCLUSIONS: Both Hanks balanced salt solution and Custodiol appeared to be suitable transport media for maintaining cell viability, whereas saline solution was not.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1994

Bromocriptine-induced cerebrospinal fluid fistula in patients with macroprolactinomas: report of three cases and a review of the literature.

Bromocriptine therapy for macroprolactinoma induced cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) rhinorrhea in three patients. The tumor had extended well beyond the sella turcica and caused bony erosion in all the cases. All three patients responded to bromocriptine therapy rapidly. CSF fistula occurred concomitantly with the reduction of tumor size and caused meningitis in two of the patients. Withdrawal of bromocriptine resulted in cessation of the leakage. One of the patients underwent transsphenoidal repair. Two patients refused surgery. This potentially lethal complication encountered in these three cases demonstrates the need for close supervision of macroprolactinoma patients with skull base erosion placed under bromocriptine therapy.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effect of mesh and its localisation on testicular flow and spermatogenesis in patients with groin hernia.

In this study, the long-term effects of mesh and its localisation (i.e. anterior or posterior) on testicular perfusion and testicular function were evaluated in groin hernia patients. Testicular function has been evaluated with spermiogram and testicular perfusion with colour Doppler ultrasonography. Group I: consisted of 30 posterior preperitoneal mesh repair patients Group II: consisted of 30 anterior tension-free repair patients. The operation types were randomised with a systematic sampling method. There was no statistically significant difference between pre-operative and postoperative spermiogram results for both groups. No statistically significant difference was found between the two groups in terms of Doppler flow parameters (PSV, EDV, RI and PI) for pre-operative, early and late postoperative periods. When Doppler flow parameters were compared for group I, statistically significant differences were found between pre-operative and early postoperative values. No statistically significant difference was found between pre-operative and late postoperative values. This is also true for early postoperative values versus late postoperative values. When Doppler flow parameters were compared for group II, statistically significant differences were found between pre-operative and early postoperative values. No statistically difference was found between pre-operative and late postoperative values. This is also true for early postoperative values versus late postoperative values. These results support the idea that inguinal mesh application is still a safe procedure in patients with no children or who are undergoing infertility treatment, where testicular function is important.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Fludarabine, cytarabine, G-CSF and idarubicin (FLAG-IDA) for the treatment of relapsed or poor risk childhood acute leukemia.

The prognosis of relapsed acute leukemia or chronic leukemia in acute blast crisis is poor and new chemotherapeutic regimens could be useful for these patients. Six relapsed acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), nine relapsed acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML), one chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML) and one chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) in acute blast crisis between three to 18 years (median 10 years) received fludarabine, cytarabine, G-CSF and idarubicin (FLAG-IDA) chemotherapy (CT). Five of the AML relapses were after bone marrow transplantation (BMT) and four were recurrent relapses. At the end of the second course only three patients (2 AML, 1 ALL) were in complete remission (CR). Of the three patients in CR, one patient with AML had her first donor lymphocyte transfusion (DLT) on the 7th day of the second FLAG-IDA course and she is disease-free on the 30th month of the second remission. The remaining two patients were transplanted from unrelated donors in a BMT center abroad on the 5th and 8th month of the last remission and both died with BMT-related complications. Out of 25 courses, seven resulted in fatal infections. The regimen was ineffective in B-cell ALL as in acute blastic crisis of CMML and CML. We could not evaluate the remission-inducing effect accurately in most of the patients due to induction failure. FLAG-IDA appears to be a myelotoxic therapy for relapsed or poor risk leukemia in a developing country. It is not cost-effective; dose modifications or a regimen without IDA may be tried if there is an available marrow donor.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The association of dehydroepiandrosterone, obesity, waist-hip ratio and insulin resistance with fatty liver in postmenopausal women--a hyperinsulinemic euglycemic insulin clamp study.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: The relationship between insulin resistance and the occurrence of fatty acid has been documented. Recently DHEA (dehydroepiandrosterone) was shown to have a protective effect against development of fatty liver in rats. We aimed to investigate the association of nonalcoholic fatty liver and serum levels of DHEA, obesity, fat distribution and insulin resistance and to evaluate the effect of DHEA on fatty liver, obesity and insulin resistance. METHODOLOGY: Thirteen postmenopausal women with nonalcoholic fatty liver and 14 postmenopausal women with normal liver histology were included into the study. Body mass index, waist-hip ratio, serum DHEA, DHEAS, triglyceride, cholesterol levels and insulin resistance were determined. Fatty liver was determined by ultrasound and established by liver biopsy and histology. Hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp studies were performed. RESULTS: The subjects in both groups were age matched (p > 0.05). Body mass index showed obesity in patients with fatty liver but not in control group (p = 0.01). Central obesity was present in women with fatty liver (p = 0.039). As expected, insulin resistance was significantly present in patients with fatty liver (p = 0.001). DHEA and DHEAS levels of women with fatty liver were greater than those of control group (p1 = 0.001 and p2 = 0.0001, respectively). DHEA and DHEAS were positively correlated with both body mass index and waist-hip ratio. However, glucose disposal rate was inversely and significantly correlated with DHEA and DHEAS levels. CONCLUSIONS: These data do not support the hypothesis that DHEA or DHEAS protect post-menopausal women against fatty liver, diabetes and obesity. Indeed, DHEA and DHEAS may be the cause of fatty liver, obesity (especially abdominal obesity) and diabetes in estrogen-deficient women.

Blood Glucose↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Determination of sunburn and skin cancer risk of outpatients in a dermatology polyclinic.

Public health experts and medical professionals continue to issue warnings to people about the dangers of ultraviolet (UV) radiation fromthe sun, tanning beds, and sun lamps. Skin cancer is more common than any other type of cancer and exposure to sun is known to contribute to all three major types, namely, basal-cell carcinoma, squamous-cell carcinoma and cutaneous melanoma. While skin cancer has been associated with sunburn, moderate tanning may also exert an influence. Seven steps to safer sunning are avoiding the sun, using a sunscreen, wearing a hat, wearing sunglasses, covering up, avoiding artificial tanning, and checking skin regularly. The present study was performed to examine the knowledge, attitudes, and risk factors of individuals concerning skin cancer. A descriptive survey was conducted among 475 patients randomly selected from the Dermatology Polyclinic of Ege University. A self-administered questionnaire was used to investigate their knowledge about skin cancer. A total of 297 female and 178 male participants were questioned, with a mean age of 32.48 +15.12. Some 36.8% had skin type II and 39.8% type III. The most common hair and eye color were brown, respectively at 56.0% and 58.7%. 79.8% had a mole(s), 19.2% had birthmark. A total of 8 of the 475 participants consulted for sunburns (1.7%). Glasses were the most popular preventive behaviour (28.8%). A total of 56 of the 475 outpatients questioned did not use any protective measure. Individuals need to be better educated on the dangers of the sun and sun protection as well as skin cancer.

Adult↗