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Biomedical subjects

M Canela

Publications and source records attributed to M Canela.

16 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Bronchoscopic balloon dilatation in the management of bronchial stenosis following lung transplantation.

BACKGROUND: Bronchial stenosis (BS) is currently found in 7-15% of lung transplantation (LT) recipients. Current treatment strategies have included Nd:Yag laser, cryotherapy, bougie dilatation and stent placement. Bronchoscopic balloon dilatation has been used as alternative treatment in a few cases with controversial results. This is a study to prospectively assess the efficacy of bronchoscopic balloon dilatation as a first step in the management of post-LT BS. METHODS: From January 1995 to December 2002, bronchoscopic balloon dilatation was evaluated as first therapeutic option in all consecutive LT patients with BS. Symptoms, pulmonary function tests, airway diameter and use of other therapeutic techniques were evaluated. RESULTS: A total of 10 out of 284 anastomed airways (3.5%) in 9 out of 152 LT patients were included in the study and follow-up lasted from 6 to 81 months. Dilatation of all but one BS met with initial success: increase of both luminal dimensions and forced vital capacity (P=0.01), and relief of symptoms. Bronchoscopic balloon dilatation long-term follow-up showed effective results in 5 out of 10 (50%) bronchial stenoses, after an average of 4 bronchoscopic balloon dilatation procedures (range 1-8). No severe complications were observed. Stent placement was required in the other 5 bronchial stenoses. CONCLUSIONS: Bronchoscopic balloon dilatation is a safe method that should be considered as first therapeutic treatment of post-LT BS. Its use avoids the need for stent placement in up to 50% of cases.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Repeatability and reproducibility of the luminescent bacteria bioassay.

This paper presents the statistical analysis of the results of an inter-laboratory study for the luminescent bacteria toxicity bioassay. It also contains a discussion on the statistical methods for the presentation and refinement of the evaluation of the precision of an assay method (including intra- and inter-laboratory variability), with special emphasis on the rejection of outliers, and the use of standardized parameters, like the repeatability and reproducibility values.

Bacteria↗
PubMed1999

[Study of the correspondence between pure tone and distorsion product otoacoustic emissions audiometrics: basis for an objective cochlear audiometrics model].

The correspondence between distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAE intensities) and pure tone threshold audiometrics (PTTA) was studied. In 140 human ears with normal hearing or cochlear hearing loss, PTTA and DPOAE were recorded at 70 dB SPL (L70dpgram). The results served to develop a mathematical model for predicting PTTA from DPOAE. It was easily concluded that several DPOAE measures are needed to obtain reliable predictions of PTTA. In our simple model, four PTTA variables (PTTA at the frequencies of 500 Hz and 1, 2 and 4 kHz) can be predicted from a six-point L70dpgram (resolution of 2 points per octave) with reasonable accuracy. This model predicts not only numerical values, but also the diagnosis of degree of hearing loss with a high sensitivity and specificity (around 90%). It is the first clinically useful model of objective audiometrics to be published. In contrast, the L75 dpgram performed poorly in predicting PTTA and hearing loss categories.

Acoustic Stimulation↗
PubMed1996

The role of induction (neoadjuvant) chemotherapy in stage IIIA NSCLC.

Induction (neoadjuvant) chemotherapy has become an accepted treatment for stage IIIA (T1-3N2M0) non-small cell lung cancer. In two recent randomized trials, neoadjuvant chemotherapy plus surgery gave an increase in median survival at least fivefold greater than surgery alone. The Spanish Lung Cancer Group trial of preoperative chemotherapy, in which the cisplatin dose was randomized to either 50 mg/m2 or 100 mg/m2 plus 3 g/m2 ifosfamide and 6 mg/m2 mitomycin, examines the effect of K-ras gene mutations on tumor response and survival. Patients whose tumors contain K-ras gene mutations are more likely to develop distant metastases and have lower median survival than patients without such mutations. Microsatellite instability seems to be a frequent mechanism of genetic aberrations. Knowledge about these genetic alterations could have prognostic importance and may identify the patients who should receive the most aggressive additional treatment.

Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung↗
PubMed1993

[Analysis of quality and contents of the report of hospital discharge].

BACKGROUND: Hospitalar discharge reports (HDR) are important documents in the data of clinical information of hospital admission. The aim of this study was to evaluate the completion of the HDR and to know the opinion and usefulness of its content. METHODS: The completion of the different sections of the HDR was analyzed (n = 839) in the hospital of Tortosa (Spain) from January to February 1991. A survey was carried out to primary care physicians (PCP) (n = 81) and to hospital doctors (n = 55) in the same health care region concerning the usefulness, extension and content of the HDR. RESULTS: The sections of the HDR which were best filled in were the evolution (88%), reason for admission (91%) and diagnosis (97%), and the worst were follow up plans (51%) and treatment (55%). With respect to the survey (response rate 71%), diagnosis (4.9/7), treatment and follow up plan (3.8/7) and reason for admission (3.7/7) were the most highly evaluated. CONCLUSIONS: To guarantee their usefulness, the hospital discharge reports should at least collect data concerning the reason for admission, diagnosis, disease prognosis, plan for treatment and follow up depicting assistent responsibilities of the hospital and primary health care.

Forms and Records Control↗
PubMed1993

Prognostic impact of mutated K-ras gene in surgically resected non-small cell lung cancer patients.

Mutated K-ras oncogenes have been detected in a third of lung adenocarcinomas, located usually in codon 12, its presence correlating negatively with survival. To further define the role of K-ras point mutations in non-small cell lung cancer, we studied the presence of mutated K-ras genes in surgical specimens from 66 patients. Polymerase chain reaction was performed from sections of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue. We screened for point mutations in codons 12, 13 and 61 of the K-ras gene by dot blot hybridization analysis with mutation-specific oligonucleotide probes. Ras gene mutations were present in 13 of 66 carcinomas (20%), nine in codon 12 and four in codon 61. Three squamous cell carcinomas harbored two different point mutations in K-ras codon 12. Mutated K-ras genes were found more frequently in squamous cell carcinomas (eight of 38) than in adenocarcinoma (three of 22). Analysis of nucleotide sequence disclosed a multifarious mutation pattern of K-ras codon 12, where the most common conversion was from glycine (GGT) to valine (GTT). K-ras point mutation positive subset had poorer survival, nine of the 13 patients died during the follow-up period as compared with 22 of 53 patients with no mutation in the K-ras gene (P = 0.01). The difference was also strikingly significant when stratified according to node status.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Cyclophosphamide and ifosfamide combination as neoadjuvant chemotherapy for locally advanced nonsmall-cell lung cancer: a meta-analytic review.

Twenty-three patients with marginally resectable and unresectable non-small-cell lung cancer (stages IIIA and IIIB) were treated by neoadjuvant chemotherapy. All patients received three cycles of preoperative chemotherapy with two alkylating agents, cyclophosphamide 2.5 g/m2 intravenously (i.v.) and ifosfamide 3.5 g/m2 i.v., mesna 12 g/m2 was given additionally to prevent drug hematuria. Six of 23 patients (26%) had partial response. Of the seven patients who underwent thoracotomy, two were completely resected, but with macroscopic residual disease. Mean time to progression for the whole group was 7 months. Fifteen patients had progression of disease, with local metastases only in six, and distant metastases in eight. After administering 52 chemotherapy cycles, cyclophosphamide-ifosfamide doses were cut down, as eight of 16 patients required hospitalization for fever during neutropenia nadirs. This two-alkylating (non-cisplatin) regimen, unlike cisplatin-based regimens, was ineffective, and further trials are not recommended.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Gastric mucosal energy metabolism in stress ulcer.

In this work we have studied the gastric mucosal energy metabolism in the restraint-rat experimental model. Gastric mucosal concentrations of glucose, AMP, ADP and ATP were determined, as well as free fatty acids and cholesterol, in order to evaluate alterations in the phospholipid composition of the cell membrane. We have observed a progressive decrease of glucose levels and an increase of ATP and Atkinson's index following 24 h of restraint; this finding refers to ATP not being used in HCl synthesis, and to activation of protein-kinase in the parietal cells due to an increase of histamine in the gastric mucosa. The increase in free fatty acids and a marked decrease of cholesterol in glandular mucosa suggest an alteration in the membrane phospholipid composition as a result of local phospholipases activated by histamine.

Adenosine Diphosphate↗