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Biomedical subjects

M Carini

Publications and source records attributed to M Carini.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Application of collisionally activated decomposition mass-analysed ion kinetic energy spectrometry to a survey of sheep milk for benzimidazole residues in relation to withdrawal periods.

A collisional spectroscopy procedure for simultaneous detection of five widely employed benzimidazole anthelmintics (laevamisole, thiabendazole, mebendazole, fenbendazole, febantel) in sheep milk was developed. The method which involves injection of crude milk extracts and selection and collision of the most abundant ionic species (M+. or fragments) obtained under electron impact ionization, is highly suitable for multi-residue analysis because of its sensitivity (limits of detection in the range of 0.6-2.8 p.p.b) and its rapidity (more than five samples per hour can be processed). The collisional approach was applied successfully for monitoring of anthelmintic residues in sheep milk.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Retroperitoneal germ cell tumor in postmenopausal woman.

A fifty-four-year-old woman presented with right renal colic and three months later a retroperitoneal tumor was diagnosed. After explorative laparotomy with biopsy, which showed a germ cell tumor, the patient received external beam radiotherapy, but died of metastatic diffusion nine months later. We believe this is a rare occurrence of a germ cell tumor in a postmenopausal woman.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1992

Orthotopic ileal bladder: clinical, urodynamic and metabolic evaluation.

Since January 1985, orthotopic ileal bladder substitution after radical cystectomy was performed in 64 male patients. The Camey I procedure was performed in 35 patients (group 1) and the Studer procedure in 29 (group 2). Clinical, metabolic and urodynamic evaluation was performed at regular intervals with a mean follow-up of 27 months for group 1 and 13.6 months for group 2. Patients with a Camey I bladder reconstruction presented smaller capacity and higher intraluminal pressure resulting in shorter voiding intervals and a practically uniform presence of enuresis, as opposed to those reconstructed with the Studer procedure. The incidence of ureteral reflux was also higher in group 1. Metabolic studies in both groups revealed a slight metabolic acidosis which was treated with oral alkalinization. It is concluded that detubularization of the terminal ileum creates a more favorable low-pressure reservoir.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Observations on the natural history of heart failure. Changes due to the therapeutic use of captopril].

The purpose of this research was a retrospective evaluation of the mortality rate in 138 patients, considered after the first hospitalisation due to heart failure. After 5 years, the mortality rate was higher in the 54 patients with dilatative cardiomyopathy (74.3%), compared to the 44 patients with coronary heart disease (54.5%), while the 40 patients with valvular heart disease showed a lower mortality (37.5%). The mortality rate was higher in patients admitted in higher NYHA class. The primary aim of this research was to assess the effects of captopril on mortality in 101 treated patients, compared to 37 non treated patients, both receiving conventional treatment for heart failure. Between the 2 groups, the mortality rate showed lower percentage values for patients treated with captopril, with significant difference (p less than 0.01) at controls carried out every 12 months, until 5 years. Progressive heart failure was the greater cause of death in both groups, while the deaths classified as due to arrhythmia without pump failure were less frequent. Deaths due to reinfarction in patients with coronary heart disease showed lesser percentage values in patients treated with captopril. This research demonstrated the high mortality rate affecting a group of patients after the first hospitalisation due to heart failure. The addition of captopril to conventional treatment for heart failure significantly reduced mortality.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1990

Antihepatotoxic properties of uridine-diphosphoglucose in liver fluke infection. Experimental fascioliasis in the rat.

The antihepatotoxic properties of uridine-diphosphoglucose (UDPG, Toxepasi) have been evaluated in a well-established model of liver damage, the liver fluke infection (experimental fascioliasis in the rat), which causes a dramatic loss of the microsomal drug-metabolizing monooxygenase (MFO) and glucuronosyltransferase (GT) enzyme systems as a consequence of peroxidative damage to microsomal membrane lipids. Administration of 100 mg/kg UDPG i.p. to the infested rat for the entire course of the infection (40 days) positively affects the parameters reflecting the integrity of the liver cell (serum glutamate-pyruvate, GPT and glutamate-oxaloacetate, GOT, transaminases) and the detoxifying capacity of the liver (cytochrome P-450, cytochrome b5, cytochrome P-450-dependent p-nitroanisole O-demethylase and aniline hydroxylase activities, and the p-nitrophenol glucuronidation) and greatly reduces the lipid peroxidative phenomen in membranes from whole liver (tissue malonic dialdehyde content) and in membranes of the microsomal fraction (conjugated diene absorption). As a consequence of this, the total lipid and phospholipid contents of the liver are restored, there is minimal loss of latency of GT enzyme(s), cytochrome P-450 conversion to cytochrome P-420 is fairly negligible and total liver glutathione content is also restored. Therefore, UDPG restores liver function by protecting the endoplasmic reticulum membranes from the oxidative stress resulting from activation of the CN-insensitive respiratory burst of the phagocytic cells consequent to Fasciola hepatica invasion, migration and growth. It is very likely that UDPG acts as an effective antilipoperoxidative agent through both direct (as demonstrated by our in vitro experiments) and indirect mechanisms (stimulation of the glycolytic pathway, and hence of the reducing equivalents----glutathione----vitamin E supply).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Undiversion with ileocecal segment following high transureteroureterostomy.

A boy presenting with a small bladder and refluxing blind-ending ureteral stumps following multiple attempts at ureteral reimplantation and supravesical diversion with a high left-to-right transureteroureterostomy and right cutaneous ureterostomy underwent successful undiversion. Surgery consisted of bilateral ureterectomy and ileocecocystoplasty, with intussusception of the ileocecal valve and anastomosis of the ileal tail to the right renal pelvis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Treatment of lower ureteral calculi with extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy.

A group of 70 patients presenting with stones in the lower third of the ureter was treated with extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy using a Dornier HM3 lithotriptor. For adequate radiological stone visualization a sitting position was used in 68 patients, while 2 with calculi overlying the sacroiliac joint required placement in the prone position. All but 1 patient had additional endoscopic maneuvers before treatment, consisting of the passage of a Zeiss sling around the stone in 40 and, when this was not possible, a ureteral stent in 29. The over-all success rate was 94.2 per cent (66 of 70 patients) with 3 patients having retained fragments and 1 requiring an open operation. The combination of new positioning techniques and relatively simple endoscopic maneuvers makes treatment of lower ureteral stones feasible and safe with the Dornier lithotriptor.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Conservative surgical treatment of renal cell carcinoma: clinical experience and reappraisal of indications.

During a 14-year period 36 patients who presented with renal cell carcinoma underwent conservative surgical treatment. The patients were divided into 3 groups according to treatment indications and condition of the contralateral kidney: group 1 included patients with a solitary kidney or bilateral tumors, group 2 patients had a damaged contralateral kidney and group 3 patients were without abnormalities of the contralateral kidney. Cumulative 6-year survival rates were 58 per cent for group 1, and 90 per cent for groups 2 and 3 combined. The over-all cumulative 6-year survival rate was 74 per cent. Based on these data extension of the indication for conservative surgical treatment seems to be justified in patients who present with low stage tumors and partial or potential damage to the contralateral organ.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Carboxylic metabolites of tiadenol as "proximate" inducers of hepatic peroxisomal beta-oxidation activity.

Chronic exposure of rats to the hypolipidemic agent tiadenol causes a dramatic dose-dependent increase of peroxisomal beta-oxidation activity. To elucidate which metabolite of the drug is the "proximate" inducer (tiadenol is eliminated completely in metabolized form after acute administration) we investigated the qualitative and quantitative metabolic profile of the drug at different doses (50, 150, 300 mg/Kg in two-weeks chronically treated rats, in parallel to that of a model compound, tiadenol-disulfoxide, a weak inducer of palmitoyl-CoA oxidation activity. No changes in the biodisposition of tiadenol (and tiadenol-disulfoxide) were found following chronic treatment for all the doses tested. For both the compounds a strict correlation was evidenced between the extent of formation of carboxylic metabolites and their inductive potencies on peroxisomal beta-oxidation activity. This indicates that tiadenol carboxylic metabolites act as the enzymatic effectors.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Pancreatic late recurrence of bilateral renal cell carcinoma after conservative surgery.

The appearance of solitary late metastases of renal cell carcinoma has seldom been documented. A female patient, who 13 years previously underwent left radical nephrectomy and right lower polar resection for bilateral simultaneous renal cell carcinoma, presented with a solitary pancreatic metastasis which was successfully treated with pancreaticoduodenectomy. The major points of interest of this report are the occurrence of a primary bilateral tumor, the initial treatment with conservative surgery and the site of late recurrence. The diagnostic and prognostic implications of late metastases of renal tumors are discussed.

Carcinoma, Renal Cell↗
PubMed1988

Treatment of large renal calculi with extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy monotherapy.

One hundred and twenty patients with large renal calculi (greater than 3 cm), who had not undergone previous stone-debulking procedures, were treated with extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) monotherapy using a Dornier HM3 lithotripter. Stones were divided into four categories according to Rocco's classification: 20 C2, 25 C3, 51 C4 and 24 C5. Repeated treatments were necessary in 13 patients, while planned two-stage treatments were performed in 8. Pretreatment adjunctive endourological maneuvers (except for the placement of ureteral stents for visualization of 37 contrast-negative stones) were used in 16 cases (13.3%) and posttreatment maneuvers in 20 (16.6%). Open surgery was necessary in 6 patients, including one nephrectomy. Complete elimination of all concrements was documented in 74 patients (61.6%): 63 within 3 months and 11 within 6-12 months. The stone-free rates for different categories were: 80% for C2, 64% for C3, 58.8% for C4 and 50% for C5. The stone-free rate for contrast-negative calculi was 83.7% (31/37), and for radiopaque ones 51.8% (43/83) (p less than 0.001). It is concluded that ESWL monotherapy is an adequate treatment choice for some categories of large radiopaque stones and for all radiolucent ones.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Incidental finding of renal cell carcinoma with histological regressive aspects in a pregnant woman.

A renal cell carcinoma was incidentally discovered with sonography in a 32-year-old pregnant woman. Magnetic resonance imaging was used to provide further information about tumor stage without causing adverse effects on the fetus. The patient underwent radical nephrectomy at the third month of pregnancy and subsequently delivered a normal full-term child. Pathology revealed regressive aspects which can be possibly ascribed to high progesterone levels during pregnancy.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Periurethral neurofibroma.

A periurethral neurofibroma presenting as a midline perineal mass was removed in a three-year-old boy. An immunohistochemical study of S-100 protein distribution within the tumor tissue was performed.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1987

Simultaneous bilateral adrenal involvement by renal cell carcinoma: experience with 3 cases.

We report 3 cases of renal cell carcinoma and synchronous bilateral adrenal metastases discovered preoperatively with computerized tomography and other imaging techniques. Surgical treatment consisted of radical nephrectomy through a transperitoneal approach, with adjunctive lower polar resection in a patient with bilateral renal tumors, and contralateral adrenalectomy. Subsequent steroid treatment was given.

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗