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Biomedical subjects

M Carsin

Publications and source records attributed to M Carsin.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Contribution of MRI to the diagnosis and post-therapeutic monitoring of brain stem tumours.

MRI has become indispensable to the positive diagnosis of brain stem tumours which develop preferentially in young people. The prognosis of these tumours, especially infiltrating gliomas, being relatively sombre, it is important to make a precise morphological diagnosis of the lesions (increase in size, signal abnormalities) which will help both neurosurgeons and radiotherapists. As regards post-therapeutic monitoring, MRI with gadolinium contrast injection is harmless and will make it possible to follow these patients regularly and to detect recurrences.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Evaluation of computed tomography in the assessment of liver iron overload. A study of 46 cases of idiopathic hemochromatosis.

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of single-energy computed tomography in determining iron overload in idiopathic hemochromatosis, with special reference to slightly overloaded cases. Liver attenuation was determined in 100 patients (46 cases of idiopathic hemochromatosis, 32 cases of chronic liver disease, and 22 normal controls). The iron load was determined for the first two groups by biochemical determination of liver iron concentration (performed in all but 12 subjects in the chronic liver disease group) and hepatic histologic grading. The main results for liver attenuation (upper normal limit, 72 Hounsfield units) showed that despite a high specificity (0.96), this parameter was of low sensitivity (0.63). Although mean liver attenuation in idiopathic hemochromatosis (77 +/- 14) was significantly higher than in chronic liver diseases (53 +/- 17; p less than 10(-4) and normal controls (66 +/- 3; p less than 10(-3], and despite an overall good correlation between liver attenuation and liver iron concentration (r = 0.72; p less than 10(-3], liver attenuation was unable to detect moderate iron overload. Fourteen of 18 patients with a liver iron concentration of less than 150 mumol/g dry liver wt had liver attenuation values of less than 72. Moreover, 3 of 18 subjects with a liver iron concentration of greater than 150 had a liver attenuation of less than 72. Of these 17 false-negatives, only 7 could be attributed to associated steatosis. On the whole, single-energy computed tomography, when used on a routine basis for diagnosing iron overload, is of limited clinical value in idiopathic hemochromatosis due to its poor sensitivity. Hepatic histologic examination together with biochemical determination remains the most accurate means to assess liver iron.

Fatty Liver, Alcoholic↗
PubMed1989

[Super-paramagnetic iron oxide: an MRI contrast media for the reticuloendothelial system].

In this preliminary study, the authors studies MR imaging in four patients with malignant hepatic tumours before and after intravenous injection of 20 mumols/kg of superparamagnetic iron oxide (SIO). They obtained spin-echo sequences (SE 500/28/4, SE 2 000/28, 56/2) before and after injection and systematically compared the results with ultrasonography and computed tomography data. In every case, superparamagnetic iron oxide (SIO) resulted in a marked decrease in T2 and consequently in the signal of healthy hepatic and splenic tissue, considerably improving the visualisation of malignant lesions which remained unchanged. If the detectability of lesions is considered to depend on the contrast obtained between tumours and healthy tissue, these preliminary results are very promising.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1989

[Radiological and magnetic resonance aspects in cerebral venous angioma].

This report based on a series of 8 cases deals with the appearance of cerebral venous angiomas with computed tomography (CT), arteriography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The CT data are not conclusive, and venous involvement is demonstrated by arteriography, as well as the site of involvement. Magnetic resonance imaging seems to be useful owing to the morphological information and data on flow phenomena it provides.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Apparently isolated, spontaneous haematomas of the brain stem. Seven cases explored by CT and MRI.

The authors present seven cases of apparently isolated spontaneous haematomas of the brain stem detected by computerized tomography (CT). Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed in all patients, and in three of these on two occasions at different stages of the lesion. Changes in MRI signal according to the moment this examination was carried out (acute, subacute or chronic stage) are described. In two of three patients operated upon the haematoma was found to be due to an occult vascular malformation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

[Parostal lipoma of the axilla. Apropos of a case and review of the literature].

The authors report a case of soft tissue tumor discovered fortuitously in a 52 year old woman. This lesion was in the axilla and on standard films was seen as a well-defined radiotransparent zone, accompanied by a typical spiculated bone reaction of the lateral edge of the scapula. CT and MRI confirmed the fatty and noninvasive nature of the lesion. Histopathological examination of the operative specimen showed it to be a parostal lipoma.

Axilla↗
PubMed1987

Magnetic resonance imaging in Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease.

Pelizaeus-Merzbacher's disease is a progressive encephalopathy with demyelination of the cerebral white matter. The diagnosis can not be made on clinical or biological grounds: pathological investigation is necessary to confirm tigroid demyelination. CT scanning failed to visualize this type of anomaly but detection is now possible with the advent of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The authors studied the case of a boy who, at the age of 8 presented with symptoms characteristic of the disease: rotatory nystagmus, progressive encephalopathy, and inherited X-linked recessive traits. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a high signal in the supra- tentorial white matter and the usual contrast was inverted. The authors believe that MRI can make an important contribution to the diagnosis of the disease.

Brain↗
PubMed1986

[The place of arteriography in the etiologic diagnosis of spontaneous intracerebral hematomas].

456 cases of spontaneous cerebral hemorrhage have been referred at the Neurosurgical Department of the University of Rennes since the CT scan is available, i.e. from 1979 till 1984. Sixteen passed away at the time of admission itself. Among the remaining 440 cases a diagnosis of cerebro-vascular malformation was suspected in 189 according to some atypical features in clinical and/or scanographic presentation, but only 101 patients were actually submitted to an angiographic evaluation, 88 others presenting with a very deep comatose state leading to death in a few hours. We found 14 vascular anomalies (14 p. cent) amongst them eight arterial aneurysms, five arteriovenous malformations and one combining cerebellar AVM and arterial aneurysm of the basilar artery. We couldn't perform an autopsy in all lethal cases but the necropsy findings lead to discover eight additional cases (4 aneurysms and 4 AVM). Statistically it means that a gross vascular lesion is responsible of 5% of cases of cerebral hematomas (22 out of 440). We didn't take in account the cavernomas discovered at the pathological examination of the walls of several hematomas. We may conclude that a careful angiographic study is justified in following cases: young age of the patient (under 65); lack of risk factors, especially cardio-vascular or hematologic; relatively satisfactory clinical status of the patient; topographic criteria related to the CT scan (hematomas located in the fronto-basal area and near sylvian fissure).

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[Clinical and radiological study of the manubrio-sternal articulation. Comparison between 80 control subjects and 88 patients with chronic inflammatory rheumatism].

The manubrio-sternal joint was studied in 168 subjects divided up into two groups : one group of 80 control subjects and one group of 88 patients with chronic inflammatory rheumatism divided up into 3 sub-groups (rheumatoid arthritis 54 ; ankylosing spondylitis 25 ; peripheral psoriatic rheumatism 9). This was a clinical study (search for spontaneous and induced pain) and a radiological study (A.P. and lateral views) with classification in 5 groups : 0 normal appearance, 1 hazy appearance of the joint space, slight narrowing of the joint space, slight osteoporosis and/or subchondral bony condensation ; 2 irregularity of the margins of the joint space, increased osteoporosis and/or condensation, narrowing of the joint space ; 3 increase in the previous signs, erosion, vacuole formation ; 4 partial or total fusion. The results show that only spontaneous pain and the radiological appearances of class II and class III permit one to differentiate in a statistically significant way the control group from the rheumatism group. considering these data one may note a greater frequency of the clinical and radiological signs, together with greater clinical and radiological agreement in ankylosing spondylitis than in rheumatoid arthritis. The interest of a study of the manubrio-sternal joint in the early diagnosis of ankylosing spondylitis is recalled although the involvement of this joint is usually later than the sacro-iliac joint.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗