PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

M Cerf

Publications and source records attributed to M Cerf.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Quantification of lipoprotein X and its relationship to plasma lipid profile during different types of parenteral nutrition.

An abnormal lipoprotein (LP), detected in plasma during total parenteral nutrition, has been shown to be similar to LPX observed in cholestasis and in familial lecithin-cholesterol-acyl-transferase (LCAT) deficiency. However, the conditions which facilitate the appearance of LPX during total parenteral nutrition are unclear; potential determining factors could be lipid input, plasma lipid levels, and/or inhibition of LCAT activity. An investigation was conducted on 12 patients receiving total parenteral nutrition for 3 wk by simultaneously evaluating plasma LPX (via a quantitative method) as well as total cholesterol, phospholipids (PL), triglycerides (TG), apolipoprotein B, and LCAT activity. Daily total nonprotein calories (40 kcal/kg body weight) and nitrogen input (250 mg/kg body weight) were fixed in this study. Three 7-day periods were defined: during periods 1 and 3, lipid emulsion (10 or 20% Intralipid) and glucose were given as nonprotein calories (glucose-lipid periods); in period 2, glucose was administered alone as the sole source of nonprotein energy (glucose period) so that the total energy input was not modified. During periods 1 and 3, the patients were randomly assigned to receive either 9 g (period 1) and 12 g (period 3) of PL/day for 7 days, or 12 and 9 g of PL/day. By infusing either 10 or 20% Intralipid, TG input was varied concomitantly so that the subjects received 75, 100, or 150 g/day in periods 1 and 3. During the glucose-lipid periods, plasma LPX was measurable from the 2nd day and increased progressively. Its increment was closely related to a rise in unesterified cholesterol and PL (r = 0.7; p less than 0.05).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Experimental autograft of the small intestine in the pig. Histological, histoenzymological and ultrastructural study].

In order to form an opinion of the value of certain precocious rejection tests with a view to ulterior intestinal allograftings, the authors intend first of all to determine the consequences of the operation itself and of the possibility resulting anoxia on the function of the intestinal mucosa. A concomitant biological (xylose test meal, quantitative analysis of the enzymes of the mucosa) and morphological study (lipid test meal, histologic, enzymologic and ultrastructural study of biopsic specimens) was carried out at various intervals after orthotopical intestinal autografting in 22 pigs. Most of the biological tests were strongly perturbated on the 7th day and some of them did not resume their initial value until the 15th day. The morphological and especially ultrastructural studies showed up to that time an important inflammation apparently caused not by the anoxia but by the lymph stasis. Solely conventional histology was only sightly modified (absence of ulcerations and of denudation of the villi) and this relative integrity, contrasting with the known severity of the lesions in case of precocious rejection, allows to consider this examination the only valuable until the 15th day, for the detection of immunologic incompatility reactions in allograftings.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Is steroid dependent Crohn's disease a separate entity?

Crohn's disease has been sometimes considered as a syndrome including different entities. In this prospect we tried to assess whether steroid dependent Crohn's disease could be a separate sub-group. Eighty five patients (mean follow-up: 6 years) with documented Crohn's disease were classified into 3 groups: 1--patients never treated with steroids (NS) (N = 37); 2--patients in whom steroids had been given but had been withdrawn (NSD) (N = 37); 3--patients dependent on continuous steroid therapy (SD) (N = 11). Ten variables were considered: age at onset, sex, CDAI, cumulative topography of lesions, extra-intestinal symptoms, albuminemia, ESR, surgical operations, annual frequency of relapses. Monofactorial analysis (analysis of variance and CHI2 test) showed group SD to be significantly different from group NS and in term of age at onset, CDAI, ESR, annual frequency of relapses, extra-intestinal symptoms, surgical operations. In contrast, a multivariate analysis of correspondences applied to the 3 groups and to 9 dichotomous variables showed that group SD is not a separate entity, but the limit of a continuum extending from group NS to group NSD. This was ascertained by a CHI2 test applied to the dichotomous variables. Thus, within the limits of this study Crohn's disease appears to be a homogeneous entity rather than a heterogeneous syndrome.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Embolisms of cholesterol crystals and their digestive manifestations].

We report a case of cholesterol crystal embolization associated with secretory diarrhea, megacolon and acalculous cholecystitis. Cholesterol emboli were found within the submucosal arterioles of the small and large bowel as well as in the gallbladder wall. Cholesterol crystal embolization is an often unrecognized disease, occurring in elderly patients with severe atherosclerosis. Cholesterol emboli may induce misleading gastrointestinal manifestations with both hemorrhagic and ischemic lesions. Though an uncommon symptom in this setting, secretory diarrhea did not seem to be fortuitous and could have been also a consequence of cholesterol crystal embolization.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Rupture of an aneurysm of the splenic artery into the pancreas, a rare cause of gastrointestinal bleeding (author's transl)].

In a 73 year old man, repeated gastrointestinal haemorrhages first attributed to peptic oesophagitis, recurred despite anti-reflux surgery. Upper endoscopy being negative, arteriography was performed which revealed the presence of a fissured aneurysm of the splenic artery. This was successfully treated by left splenopancreatectomy. A communication between the aneurysm and wirsung's duct was found in the operative specimen. This a very rare cause of gastrointestinal bleeding. The diagnosis can be made only by arteriography.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Digestive hormones and the colon].

The distribution of neuropeptides at the level of the colon is similar to that observed in other parts of the digestive tract, with, however, specific elements, such as the predominance of enteroglucagon and somatostatin cells. These substances regulate, on the one hand, the function of colonic absorption-secretion, and, on the other hand, the motor function. The control exerted by these substances on sodium absorption and chloride secretion, is done through two metabolic systems depending on the AMPc level for one, and the intra-cellular calcium for the other. Neuro-hormonal peptides modulate the metabolic response through specific receptors and regulating proteins, activating and inhibiting. These same substances, acting either directly one smooth muscle, or indirectly through activating or inhibiting interneurons, share in the control of colon motility.

Colon↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Treatment of an abdominal form of Castleman's disease by chemotherapy].

In this report, we present a case of abdominal Castleman's disease determining lymphatic blockade and chylous ascites. On laparotomy, the tumour was considered as unremovable. Management of this unusual case included total parenteral nutrition, corticoïds, cyclophosphamide and antituberculous therapy. This treatment was followed by a dramatic improvement and disappearance of the ascitic effusion. Shrinkage of the tumour was demonstrated by repeated ultrasonography.

Abdomen↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Weber-Christian syndrome and pancreatic involvement. Apropos of a case with review of the literature].

The Weber-Christian syndrome associates generalized nodular inflammatory panniculitis with osteoarticular manifestations. Pathogenesis of this rare affection is still obscure but a pancreatic origin has been reported in the literature. A case is presented having the particular features of being revealed by a subacute episode of chronic pancreatitis, and by the intensity of radiologic bony manifestations.

Adult↗