Biomedical subjects

M Chabeli

Publications and source records attributed to M Chabeli.

7 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2006

Strategies to improve the performance of learners in a nursing college. Part I: Issues pertaining to nursing education.

The aim of this contextual, exploratory, descriptive and qualitative study was to describe strategies to improve the performance of learners in a nursing college. The article seeks to deal with factors relating to nursing education that contribute to the poor performance of learners and to outline related strategies to improve the situation. Three focus group interviews were conducted. One group was formed by seven tutors, and the other two groups were formed by fourth-year learners following a four-year comprehensive diploma course. All participants voluntarily took part in the study. Data was analyzed using the descriptive method of open coding by Tesch (in Creswell, 1994:154-156). Trustworthiness was ensured in accordance with Lincoln and Guba's (1985:290-326) principles of credibility, conformability, transferability and dependability. The findings were categorized into issues pertaining to nursing education as follows: curriculum overload; lack of theory and practice integration; teaching and assessment methods that do not promote critical thinking; tutors' lack of skills and experience; inadequate preparation of tutors for lectures; insufficient knowledge of tutors regarding outcomes-based education approach to teaching and learning; inadequate process of remedial teaching; discrepancies between tutors' marking; lack of clinical role-models and high expectations from the affiliated university as regards standards of nursing development programme by the staff development committee of the nursing college under study for implementation. Future research should focus on the effectiveness of the described strategies to improve the learners' performance. It is also recommended that similar studies be conducted or replicated in other nursing colleges to address the problem of poor performance of learners engaged in a four-year comprehensive diploma course.

Curriculum↗

PubMed2006

Strategies to improve the performance of learners in a nursing college. Part II: Issues pertaining to management, attitudes and values.

UNLABELLED: This article forms part two of a bigger study that was conducted in a nursing college to explore and describe the reasons for the poor performance of learners. Part one of the study dealt with the issues pertaining to education, while this article (part two) seeks to describe issues pertaining to management, attitudes and values that lead to the poor performance of learners in the nursing college under study. A qualitative, exploratory and descriptive design that was contextual in nature was employed, and three focus groups interviews were conducted. Seven tutors formed one group while other two groups were formed by fourth-year learners following a comprehensive diploma course. All participants voluntarily participated in the study. Data was analyzed using the descriptive method of open coding in accordance with Tesch's protocol (in Creswell, 1994:154-156). Trustworthiness was ensured using the following principles: credibility, conformability, transferability and dependability (Lincoln & Guba 1985:290-326). Findings were categorized into issues pertaining to management, attitudes and values that had an influence on the poor performance of learners as follows: MANAGEMENT: Inadequate resources and study facilities; policies that change frequently; tutors' dissatisfaction with regard to staff development, the lack of involvement by management and lack of management support, staff shortage and maldistribution of staff members; ineffective selection process of learners; inconsistent regulations, and too many of them; policies and procedures resulting in confusion and poor discipline. Attitudes and values: Tutors' lack of motivation and interest, lack of respect by learners and no team work among tutors. Through a conceptualization process and the recommendations by participants, strategies to improve the learners' performance were described. It is recommended that these strategies be submitted to the staff development committee for implementation and future follow-up research be undertaken to determine the effectiveness of the strategies. It is also recommended that other nursing colleges replicate the study within their context.

Attitude↗

PubMed2004

Reflective thinking in clinical nursing education: a concept analysis.

Over decades nursing had an interest in clarifying and developing its knowledge base and its conceptual foundation. Reflective thinking has become a popular word in nursing education world wide, but its meaning and effective use remains debatable because of lack of clarity in its meaning (Mackintosh, 1998:553). The researcher engaged in the concept analysis of reflective thinking so as to fully understand its meaning and interpretation, hence the research question to be addressed by this article is: "What is the meaning of reflective thinking in clinical nursing education?" This article seeks to explore and describe the conceptual meaning of reflective thinking in clinical nursing education using the method of concept analysis as outlined by Wilson (1963:23-39) and Gift (1997:75,76). Concept analysis of reflective thinking constitutes the first phase of a study to develop a model to facilitate reflective thinking in clinical nursing education, thus ensuring theoretical validity of the model. An extensive examination of domain specific and various disciplines' literature was explored as part of the concept analysis. A selection of information regarding variations and similarities in the use and interpretation of reflective thinking across clinical nursing education was drawn from computerised data bases. This increased the rigor and the findings of the analysis. Through deductive reasoning and drawing of inferences, attributes were clustered in an attempt to identify the apparent essence of the concept. Three categories and the related connotations emerged as follows: Antecedents (Cognitive and affective thinking skills). Process (The three phases of reflective thinking). Outcome ( New insight and changed perspective). Reflective thinking was considered from the result of concept analysis as a cyclic, interactive constructing mental process to improve practice in a specific context. It is recommended that a model to facilitate reflective thinking in clinical nursing education be developed based on the results of this concept analysis.

Cognition↗

PubMed2004

A model to facilitate reflective thinking in clinical nursing education.

A qualitative, contextual, exploratory and descriptive design for theory generation was used to develop a model to facilitate reflective thinking in clinical nursing education (Mouton & Marais, 1990:43; Mouton, 1996: 103-109; Chinn & Kramer 1991:79-120). A model was developed within the existing frameworks of theory generation. Wilson (1963:23-39) and Gift (1997:75,76) provided a theoretical framework for a concept analysis of reflective thinking in phase one of the study. Further conceptual meaning was attained through a perceptual survey where twelve nurse educators participated in a focus group interview with regard to how reflective thinking can be facilitated in clinical nursing education. Classification of the main concepts and sub-concepts was made through a conceptualisation process within Dickoff, James and Wiedenbach's (1968:415-435) theoretical framework using the six elements of practice theory. Concluding relation statements were inferred through deductive analysis and synthesis after conceptualisation of each main concept. The relation statements provided the basis for model description (Chinn & Kramer, 1991:107-125). Definitions of the main concepts and sub-concepts were described using the basic rules by (Rossouw, 2001:10-11; Cohen & Copi, 1994:192-195). The adapted educational process from five learning theories provided a framework through which the procedure to facilitate reflective thinking in clinical nursing education was described. Lastly, the model was evaluated using the pre-determined criteria by Chinn and Kramer (1991:128-137) and refined by experts in qualitative research and theory generation. Guidelines were developed which do not form part of this article. Theoretical validity was ensured. Recommendations, limitations, challenging hypothesis and a conclusion were made.

Decision Making↗

PubMed1999

Student nurses' learning needs & expectations in the clinical learning units.

This paper describes and explores the clinical learning needs and expectations of student nurses. An exploratory, descriptive and qualitative design, which is contextual in nature, was used where a focus group interview was conducted with the final year basic students undergoing a four year comprehensive diploma course leading to registration as a professional nurse. Tecsh's (in Cresswell, 1994:155) method of data analysis was employed. Eight categories were identified as follows: communication; role modelling; up-to-date knowledge and experience; continuous supervision; assessment and evaluation; scientific process; management; professional practice and student status. A recommendation deduced from the conclusions made on the identified clinical learning needs and expectations of the students should enable teachers to address the long standing problem of how students should learn.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗

PubMed1999

Perceptions of postbasic nursing students in the use of seminars as a teaching method.

With the transformation of education in the country, and the outcomes-based education that is learner-centred fast gaining ground, nurse educators need to revisit the teaching methods and consider those that will foster reflective thinking through interactive constructing process. These methods, according to Cropley and Dave (1978:196) prepare learners for lifelong learning and to challenge problems in the working world. A descriptive and exploratory study using descriptive naïve sketches to collect data from 44 final year post basic nursing students at a university was undertaken. The students volunteered to take part in the study. A content analysis according to Tesch's (in Cresswell 1994:55) method was used. A follow-up interview using an open-ended question to gather more in depth information as well as to validate the collected data was done with 10 students from the previous sample. Four positive and three negative categories and their sub-categories were identified namely: Positive categories:- encourage active participation, professional growth and maturity, facilitate reflective thinking, encourage facilitative communication and interpersonal skills. Negative categories were:- time consuming, causes conflict amongst students, inability to teach becomes an obstacle. A literature control was conducted to support and confirm the findings. Concluding remarks and recommendations for effective use of seminar as a teaching method are made.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗

PubMed1998

Professional nurses as reflective clinical learning facilitators.

With the rapid changes taking place in the country, including the education system in general and nursing education in particular, the role of professional nurses as reflective clinical learning facilitators need to be re-visited in order to meet the changing health needs of the community and to facilitate outcome-based nursing education and evidence-based quality nursing care. The purpose of this paper is to explore and describe the perceptions of professional nurses as reflective clinical learning facilitators in the clinical learning units, within the context of a specific health-care service in Gauteng. A phenomenological method using descriptive naïve sketches was used to collect data from twenty professional nurses complying with certain inclusion criteria. A content analysis was performed and eight categories (main concepts) were identified in order of priority as follows: communication/collaboration; role-modelling; continuous assessment and evaluation; up-to-date knowledge; scientific approach; clinical teaching; management and professionalism. After a literature control was conducted, these main concepts were confirmed. It is recommended that a model to facilitate reflective thinking in clinical nursing education be developed, using these concepts as basis for the provisional conceptual framework.

Clinical Competence↗