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Biomedical subjects

M Chandra

Publications and source records attributed to M Chandra.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Measurement of the uterus and gestation sac by ultrasound in early normal and abnormal pregnancy.

Uterine volumes measured by two different ultrasonic methods, and gestation sac volumes in early normal pregnancy are reported. The results obtained for uterine volume measurements are compared. Methods using measurements obtained from only a longitudinal scan were simpler but slightly less accurate. Uterine volumes were also calculated in a series of patients with pregnancy complicated by threatened abortion. The accuracy of the prediction of the outcome of the pregnancy, based solely on uterine volume was 71 percent. Uterine volume measurement is most useful in identifying cases of missed abortion where the period of gestation is known.

Abortion, Threatened↗
PubMed1981

Familial nephrotic syndrome and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis.

Three of five siblings developed a steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis within a four-month period. Two of the siblings with nephrotic syndrome (Patients 1 and 2) also have sickle cell anemia; the third (Patient 3) carries the thalassemia trait. The dizygotic twin brother of Patient 2 has sickle cell anemia, but does not have the nephrotic syndrome. The nephrotic syndrome of patient 1 was resistant to corticosteroid and cyclophosphamide therapy and she developed severe renal failure 14 months after onset. The nephrotic syndrome of Patients 2 and 3 was steroid resistant but was partially responsive to cyclophosphamide therapy. They have persistent proteinuria with mild elevation of serum creatinine concentration and hypertension 5 1/2 years after diagnosis. In this family, the nephrotic syndrome appeared unrelated to the specific hemoglobinopathy, HLA type or mixed lymphocyte culture responsiveness despite the similarity of the renal disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Recurrent nephrotic syndrome with three successive renal allografts.

A girl with idiopathic steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome was studied at onset of the disease at 6 years of age and during recurrences of the nephrotic syndrome after successive transplantations of three renal allografts. Focal glomerulosclerosis was demonstrated shortly after onset of the original disease with progression to renal insufficiency over 14 months. Recurrence of the nephrotic syndrome was documented 4 weeks following transplantation of the first renal allograft and a biopsy demonstrated focal segmental glomerulosclerosis without evidence of rejection. By 13 months, recurrent disease had caused renal failure requiring dialysis. After transplantation of the next long-functioning graft, the nephrotic syndrome rapidly recurred with urinary protein excretion of 8 g/day and normal glomerular filtration rate at 8 weeks. After the 5th month, progressive renal insufficiency developed and dialysis was resumed at 10 months after transplantation. The nephrectomy specimen showed advanced focal segmental glomerulosclerosis and chronic rejection. Early after the last renal allograft, she had mild persistent proteinuria and then developed nephrotic syndrome at 10 months which was attributed to chronic rejection. The graft was lost to delayed accelerated rejection at 17 months. The rapid recurrence of nephrotic syndrome after transplantation of each of the first two long-functioning allografts to this patient is most consistent with recurrence of original disease. However, observations in a subsequent graft demonstrated that rapid recurrence of the original disease is not inevitable.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Renal function in rats with unilateral proteinuria produced by renal perfusion with aminonucleoside.

Left (L) renal perfusion with an aminonucleoside of puromycin (PA), was used to produce unilateral proteinuria in 15 rats to examine the mechanisms responsible for renal salt retention in the nephrotic syndrome. Thirteen control rats underwent L renal perfusion with isotonic saline. Animals were studied 8 (group I) or 13 (group II) days after perfusion. Renal perfusion with saline per se did not change the glomerular filtration rate, renal plasma flow, or absolute and fractional excretion of sodium (Na) from the perfused kidney. PA animals showed a significant decrease in glomerular filtration rate from the perfused kidney and a proportional decrease in the absolute excretion of Na from the PA perfused kidney as compared to the right kidney. The fractional excretion of Na was equivalent in the L and R kidneys of the PA animals. The mean absolute Na excretion from the nonproteinuric R kidney of PA rats was almost twice that of the R kidney of the controls. The increased Na excretion by the nonproteinuric kidney of the PA animals compensated for the sodium retention by the proteinuric kidney.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

The mid-trimester low lying placenta: a prospective study.

Thirteen women who were found to have a low lying placenta on ultrasound scan during the mid-trimester were followed prospectively with repeated ultrasound examinations in older to observe changes in placental position and to determine the prognostic significance of low-lying placentae found during the mid-trimester. Two women aborted spontaneously and in the remainder the placenta ceased to be previa by 30 to 32 weeks gestation ie about the time of the formation of the lower uterine segment.

Abortion, Spontaneous↗