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Biomedical subjects

M Charrel

Publications and source records attributed to M Charrel.

31 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

[Prealbumin and retinol-binding protein].

Thyroxin binding prealbumin (TBPA) and retinol binding protein (RBP) are associated in a complex responsible for the transport of vitamin A and of about 10% of the thyroid hormones T3 and T4. Both are synthetized in the liver. RBP can be characterized by two essential points: its hepatic secretion depending on the nutritional vitamin A status explains the close relation noted between these two parameters; its catabolism located in the renal tubular cells indicates the important role played by kidney in its metabolism. The concentrations, in serum of normal healthy adults, of TBPA and RBP are respectively 323 mg/l and 63 mg/l for men, 283 mg/l and 52 mg/l for women. In these cases the variations of the two proteins are significantly correlated. In patients with liver diseases and with protein deficiency, there is a lack of synthesis of TBPA and RBP (deficiency in substrate and/or decrease in hepatic synthesis). In vitamin A deficiency and in renal failure, RBP alone is disturbed.

Aging↗
PubMed1982

[Biological and clinical studies in occupational exposure to copper and cadmium dust].

The present study was carried out on 76 industrial workers divided in four working sections and exposed to cadmium and copper fumes and/or dust for periods ranging from 2 to 32 years. There were no signs of chronic copper poisoning associated with long term industrial exposure. In all cases indeed, normal blood copper level (near 15,5 mumol/l) and normal urine copper level (53 mumol/mol creat) were found. Moreover, in the plasma, the copper/ceruloplasmin ratio was approximately 8, with both normal values in micromoles. The great elimination of copper in feces assured probably the copper homeostasis. On the contrary, particularly near the furnace, the atmospheric cadmium level was to be considered; 9 out of 11 furnacemen who worked during more than 5 years showed neither respiratory or hepatic failure nor bone mineral metabolism disturbances, in spite of urine cadmium level greater than 10 mumol/mol creat, "early warning" for renal damage. There was no significant correlation between urine and blood cadmium levels when the latter was greater than 4,5 micrograms/l (40,2 nmol/l). The high beta 2 microglobulin level for 66 p. cent of furnacemen, was the indicator of tubular damage. Therefore the urine cadmium in combination with beta 2m should be determined to detect early effects of cadmium in exposed workers.

Air Pollutants, Occupational↗
PubMed1979

[Multiple molecular forms of erythrocyte carbonic anhydrase of sheep (author's transl)].

Three major forms CI, CII and CX and the minor component CI1v of ovine erythrocyte carbonic anhydrase have been identified in the ethanol chloroform extract of the hemolysate by electrophoresis on cellulose acetate and isoelectrofocusing. Isolation of the four forms was achieved by chromatography on DEAE-Sephadex A-50. Comparative studies suggest that: (1) form CI1v is a modified form of CI, (2) form CX is CI plus glutathione and (3) forms CI and CII are isoenzymes which differ in their primary structure by one Lys leads to Thr substitution 35 residues from the N-acetylated terminus.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1978

[Carbonic anhydrases of bovine erythrocytes: comparative study of the anhydrase and esterase activity of different forms].

Comparative study of esterase activities (p- and o-nitrophenylacetate) allowed to characterize three groups of bovine erythrocyte carbonic anhydrases:--the first one includes CI, CII (isozyme of CI) and CIr ("artificial" product of CI).--the second one includes native CIv1 and "artificial" CIv1, first conformational variants of CI,--finally CIv2, second "artificial" conformational variant of CI. Possible modifications of the enzyme site between the first and the other enzyme groups are discussed. Except CIv2 of lower activity, all the products have identical carbonic anhydrase activity. The catalytic constants Km ap and kcat ap for hydrolysis of p-nitrophenylacetate have been determined for all enzymes; this study confirms the lower activity of CIv2.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

[Genetic independence of two forms of carbonic anhydrase from bovine erythrocytes].

The two major forms of bovine erythrocyte carbonic anhydrase have been designated as CI and CII because their high activity of the C type. Separation of both forms and isolation of CI from the ethanol chloroform extract of the hemolysate were obtained by either column chromatography on DEAE-cellulose DE 23 or on DEAE-sephadex A-50. But pure preparations of the CII form were only obtained from DEAE-sephadex A-50 which separated CII from a minor component CIv1. Comparative studies of the CI and CII forms and of the minor component CIv1 strongly suggest that CIv1 is a conformational variant of CI and CII are genetic variants differing at least in their primary structure by one Arg yields Gln substitution 56 residues from the N-acetylated terminus. Based on the large variability of the proportion of the two isozymes in heterozygous individuals, the modality of the inheritance of these enzymes is discussed.

Amino Acid Sequence↗