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Biomedical subjects

M Chatterjee

Publications and source records attributed to M Chatterjee.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Selective enhancement of glutathione S-transferase activity in liver and extrahepatic tissues of rat following oral administration of vanadate.

The effect of oral administration of vanadate (100, 200 and 400 nM for 30 days) on the activity of the detoxifying enzyme system glutathione S-transferase (GST) in rat liver and in several extrahepatic tissues was examined. Vanadate showed a high activity as GST inducer in liver and in small intestine mucosa followed by large intestine mucosa and kidney in a dose-dependent manner. No significant alterations in GST activity were observed in forestomach and lung tissues after vanadate. Vanadate treatment that resulted in an enhancement of GST activity impaired neither hepatic nor renal function as evidenced by serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase, glutamic pyruvic transaminase, sorbitol dehydrogenase, urea, and creatinine. Since the ability to induce an increase of detoxifying enzyme activity by anticarcinogenic agents was found to correlate with their activity in the inhibition of tumorigenesis, the trace element vanadium might be considered a potential cancer chemopreventive agent.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1993

Protective role of vanadium in the survival of hosts during the growth of a transplantable murine lymphoma and its profound effects on the rates and patterns of biotransformation.

Vanadium, as ammonium mononium monovanadate, has been found to have anticarcinogenic effect in host mice bearing a transplantable ascitic lymphoma. The potentiating effect of vanadium was supported by biochemical analysis of autopsies relating to markers like microsomal cytochrome P-450, UDP glucuronyl transferase (UDPGT) and cytosolic glutathione-S-transferase (GSHT) in the hepatic tissue of the hosts, which showed substantial alterations in the extent of tumor regression as compared to their lymphoma and normal counterparts, prolonging the survival of the hosts.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Prenatal diagnosis of atrioventricular canal malformations with up-to-date echocardiographic technology: report of 14 cases.

Fourteen fetuses with atrioventricular canal malformations were examined by two-dimensional echocardiography, pulsed-wave Doppler echocardiography, and color Doppler flow mapping. Eleven fetuses had complete and three fetuses had partial atrioventricular canal malformations. Nonimmune hydrops fetalis was associated with six cases, and fetal arrhythmia was seen in three cases. With two-dimensional echocardiography, the atrioventricular canal malformations could be diagnosed accurately. The inclusion of color Doppler flow mapping, however, provided additional hemodynamic information that was important from the prognostic point of view. Incompetence of atrioventricular valves could be demonstrated in 10 of 14 cases by Doppler echocardiography. In nine cases, detailed Doppler echocardiographic evaluation of the regurgitation jet was possible. The proportion of systolic time during which atrioventricular valve insufficiency was demonstrated was related to the occurrence of nonimmune hydrops fetalis. When insufficiency of atrioventricular valves was associated with hydrops (four cases), a pansystolic insufficiency was always present. In cases without hydrops (five), regurgitation was confined to early systole. Thus a reliable method for semiquantitative evaluation of the degree of insufficiency seems to have been found. Moreover, an association appeared to exist between the occurrence of hydrops fetalis and the proportion of atrial area that was taken up by regurgitant jet area, as determined by planimetry in the four-chamber view. Prenatal diagnosis was confirmed by autopsy or neonatal cardiac evaluation. Only one neonate survived in our series. Two were stillborn, four died during the neonatal period, two died during infancy, and pregnancy was electively terminated prematurely in five cases. Eight fetuses were found to have a karyotypic abnormality.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Functionalization of hydroxy compounds with nitrilotriacetic acid for technetium-99m chelation: excretory properties of the radiolabelled chelates.

Substituted monoanilides of nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA) have gained much popularity in recent years as an important class of ligands for technetium-99m (99mTc) radiopharmaceutical preparations used in liver imaging and function studies. We were interested in investigating the properties of the corresponding ester analogues of this important class of ligands and for this study cyclohexanol was selected as a hydroxy component, which on condensation with nitrilotriacetic acid in the presence of acetic anhydride, furnished the monoester, N-cyclohexyloxycarbonylmethyl iminodiacetic acid 4 and the corresponding diester 5. Phenol on similar condensation produced mainly the diester, N,N-di(phenyloxycarbonylmethyl) aminoacetic acid 2, with traces of the corresponding monoester 7. A reinvestigation of the well known condensation reaction of aniline with nitrilotriacetic acid revealed that in addition to the reported monoanilide, N-phenylcarbamoylmethyl imino diacetic acid 3, the corresponding dianilide 6 was also produced in appreciable amount. The ester ligands 2, 4, 5 after 99mTc chelation exhibited good in vitro and in vivo stabilities. The biodistribution characteristics of these radiolabelled esters and amides were very similar showing thereby that esterification with NTA could be an effective method for converting alcohols to 99mTc-radiopharmaceuticals without generating any unusual properties because of the ester linkage. Residual radiopharmaceutical concentration after i.v. administration of these amide and ester 99mTc chelates at 30 min in blood, urine, liver, kidney and intestine were correlated with their lipophilicities and during this correlation it was observed that in addition to lipophilicity the anionic strength of these chelates is also an important determinant in governing their biodistribution. The ester ligand 4 after 99mTc chelation showed ultrafast hepatobiliary kinetics and was therefore compared in a rabbit model with a standard hepatobiliary radiopharmaceutical 99mTc-N-(p-butylphenylcarbamoyl methyl) iminodiacetic acid (99mTc-BIDA) by gamma-camera scintigraphy to investigate the potential of the former for clinical studies.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Shared idiotype expression by chronic lymphocytic leukemia and B-cell lymphoma.

Antiidiotype (Id) antibodies identify unique determinants within the surface immunoglobulin (Ig) that are present on B-cell tumors. Anti-Ids have been used for diagnosis and therapy of B-cell lymphoma and leukemia. A panel of 29 anti-Id monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs) that recognize shared idiotypes (SIds) on B-cell lymphomas was tested for reactivity with both B-cell leukemias and lymphomas. Ten of 40 (25%) cases of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) reacted with at least one of the 29 anti-SId MoAbs. Three cases reacted with more than one anti-SId MoAb, but there was no repetitive pattern of a single anti-SId MoAb reacting with a large proportion of CLL cases. In contrast, for B-cell lymphoma, in which 11 of 31 (36%) cases reacted, one anti-SId (B4-1) reacted with five of the positive cases; all were diffuse histology. Restricted anti-SId reactivity may lead to important insights into the etiology of certain B-cell lymphomas. In addition, these anti-SIds may obviate the need to develop "tailor-made" antibodies for individual patients.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1990

Reversal of multidrug resistance by verapamil and modulation by alpha 1-acid glycoprotein in wild-type and multidrug-resistant Chinese hamster ovary cell lines.

Multidrug resistance can be reversed by a range of "calcium channel"-blocking drugs in vitro, of which verapamil is the most widely used. Verapamil is bound to alpha 1-acid glycoprotein (AAG) in vivo in humans but is absent from calf serum, used in tissue culture media. The effect of AAG on the ability of verapamil to alter Adriamycin cytotoxicity was assessed in parental Chinese hamster ovary cells (CHO-K1) and in a multidrug-resistant subline (CHO-Adrr). In both the parental and the resistant cells, there was a dose-related potentiation of Adriamycin cytotoxicity by verapamil. At 10 microM verapamil, there was a 5-fold decrease in the concentration of Adriamycin that caused 50% reduction in growth of CHO-K1 cells but a 15-fold decrease in CHO-Adrr cells. In the presence of increasing AAG concentrations within the range found in cancer patients, there was a concentration-related reduction in the effects of verapamil. In CHO-Adrr cells, there was complete reversal of the potentiating effect of 10 microM verapamil at 2 mg/ml AAG. In contrast, in CHO-K1 cells, AAG reduced the effects of verapamil by only 20% at a similar concentration. There was a much higher internal uptake of fluorescein-labeled AAG by CHO-Adrr cells than by CHO-K1 cells. These results suggest that, in addition to a plasma membrane site, there may be a major endosomal site of action of verapamil in multidrug-resistant cells. The implications are that verapamil in vivo in the presence of AAG may effectively reverse low levels of multidrug resistance, but not high levels. Thus selection of patients with low AAG levels may be appropriate for clinical studies.

ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Mem↗
PubMed1990

Prenatal diagnosis of aortic atresia by colour Doppler flow mapping.

A case of aortic atresia with insufficiency of mitral valve diagnosed prenatally at 33 weeks of gestation is presented. An accurate diagnosis of this fetal cardiovascular malformation was possible by application of Doppler colour flow mapping, which demonstrated (a) the absence of forward flow in the hypoplastic ascending aorta, (b) reverse flow of blood from the ductus arteriosus into the severely hypoplastic ascending aorta in the late systole, (c) pansystolic mitral valve regurgitation, and (d) absent flow across the foramen ovale as a result of premature closure of the foramen ovale.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Bioaccumulation of nickel and vanadium in tissues of the catfish Clarias batrachus.

Bioaccumulation of nickel and vanadium in the tissues of the liver, kidney, gill, and intestine has been studied following 4 days and 30 days of exposure at sublethal concentrations of nickel and vanadium compounds in the catfish Clarias batrachus. Nickel and vanadium have been found to accumulate in all four tissues observed. High concentrations of nickel and vanadium have been found in the order kidney greater than gill greater than liver greater than intestine during the 4 days and 30 days treatment. A dose-response effect was seen, as the concentration of metals in the tissues increased with concentration and exposure time. The effect on bioaccumulation in the specific tissue provides a better basis for monitoring exposures than whole-body analysis.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Enhancement of Adriamycin cytotoxicity in a multidrug resistant Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) subline, CHO-Adrr, by toremifene and its modulation by alpha 1 acid glycoprotein.

The effects of a new antioestrogen, toremifene, on multidrug resistance have been studied in a Chinese hamster ovary parental line, CHO-K1, and in a multidrug resistance subline, CHO-Adrr. Toremifene at subinhibitory concentrations increased the cytotoxic effectiveness of Adriamycin in both cell lines. The degree of potentiation was greater in the CHO-Adrr lines for any given concentration of toremifene. Toremifene is 99.7% bound to human serum proteins (Sipila et al. Pharmacol Toxicol 1988, 63, 62-64), which includes binding to an acute phase plasma protein, alpha 1 acid glycoprotein (AAG). Since AAG is normally absent from tissue culture media, we have assessed the effect of AAG on toremifene mediated potentiation of Adriamycin cytotoxicity. In the presence of increasing concentrations of AAG, there was a dose-related reversal of the effect of toremifene on Adriamycin cytotoxicity in both cell lines. These results show that toremifene is effective in enhancement of Adriamycin cytotoxicity in CHO-K1 and CHO-Adrr cell lines, and this modulation can be altered by AAG. The clinical implication is that patients should be selected for such therapy by measurement of AAG levels.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

A study of ozone-induced edema in the isolated rat lung in relation to arachidonic acid metabolism, mixed-function oxidases and angiotensin converting enzyme activities.

In order to elucidate the role of arachidonic acid in the pathogenesis of ozone-induced pulmonary edema, isolated rat lungs were exposed to 14C-arachidonic acid in the presence or absence of ozone and the incorporation of radiolabelled arachidonate into pulmonary cell lipids was studied. The perfusates from these studies were also subjected to differential extraction and thin layer chromatography (t.l.c.) to determine synthesis of both cyclo-oxygenase and lipoxygenase products. In the presence of an edemagenic concentration of ozone, isolated lungs incorporated significantly less exogenous arachidonic acid into phosphatidyl choline and phosphatidyl ethanolamine, whereas incorporation into phosphatidyl inositol or serine was not affected. The edemagenic concentration of ozone also increased production of a variety of arachidonic acid metabolites via cyclo-oxygenase and lipoxygenase pathways. In separate studies, a similar ozone exposure did not affect 14CO2 production, resulting from the metabolism of 14C-antipyrine by mixed function oxidases (MFO). Similarly, an edemagenic concentration of ozone did not affect pulmonary angiotensin converting enzyme activity (ACE) as determined by the rate of formation of 14C-hippuric acid from 14C-hippuryl-histidyl-leucine (14C-HHL). Thus, acute ozone exposure is specifically associated with a reduced incorporation of arachidonate into phospholipids and with an increased conversion of arachidonate into bio-active metabolites.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Systemic cystic angiomatosis in pregnancy: a case presentation and review of the literature.

Systemic cystic angiomatosis is the involvement of multiple organ systems with a congenital vascular malformation. A combination of vascular anomalies, namely lymphangioma and hemangioma, can coexist. The liver, spleen, kidney, and colon are the most commonly affected organs. The clinical presentation varies and generally reflects the involved organ system. A case of systemic cystic angiomatosis involving the spleen, liver, and kidney is presented. The diagnosis and management during pregnancy is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Reversal of acquired resistance to adriamycin in CHO cells by tamoxifen and 4-hydroxy tamoxifen: role of drug interaction with alpha 1 acid glycoprotein.

Tamoxifen and 4-OH tamoxifen were used to reverse multidrug resistance (MDR) in CHO cells with acquired resistance to adriamycin (CHO-Adrr). Because alpha 1 acid glycoprotein (AAG) can bind a range of calcium channel blockers that also reverse MDR and rises in malignancy, its interactions with tamoxifen and 4-OH tamoxifen were also studied. Tamoxifen decreased the IC50 of 10 microM adriamycin 4.8-fold in the parent CHO-K1 cell line and 16-fold in CHO-Adrr. Similarly 4-OH tamoxifen decreased the IC50 3-fold in the parent cells, but 13-fold in the resistant cells. Tamoxifen and 4-OH tamoxifen were similarly potent in reversing MDR, although their anti-oestrogen potency differs 100-fold. AAG was added in increasing concentrations to the combination of adriamycin and tamoxifen. As AAG concentrations increased from 0.5 to 2 mg ml-1 (the range found in vivo) the effect of tamoxifen on reversing MDR was gradually decreased. At the highest AAG concentrations, there was complete reversal of the effects of both tamoxifen and 4-OH tamoxifen. AAG was found to bind 3H-tamoxifen in a non-saturable non-specific manner, in contrast to the binding of tamoxifen to albumin. Thus the use of tamoxifen as a reversal agent for MDR in vivo may be impaired by high binding to AAG. However, at the lower range of normal values of AAG, there was still an effect of 10 microM tamoxifen. It may be desirable to select patients for modifier studies based on AAG plasma levels.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Cysteine, a chelating moiety for synthesis of 99Tcm radiopharmaceuticals. III: Functionalization of hydroxy group for 99Tcm chelation.

A method is offered for converting an organic hydroxy compound to a 99Tcm-binding ligand under mild experimental conditions. Cyclohexanol was selected as a typical hydroxy compound and to this molecule cysteine was attached through substitution at the sulphur atom by a two-step chemical synthesis. The ligand thus obtained could be successfully radiolabelled with 99Tcm. The biodistribution of the resulting radiolabelled compound had the characteristic of a mixed hydrophilic-lipophilic 99Tcm chelate and was similar to that of 99Tcm-HIDA derivatives, a well established class of 99Tcm-chelates. So it may be concluded that the above method of functionalization of a hydroxy compound does not generate any unusual physiological properties and may be recommended as a general method for radiolabelling an organic compound at the alcoholic site with 99Tcm.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Antitumour activities of copper-ATP complex on transplantable murine lymphoma.

A synthetic metal-nucleotide complex [Cu3(ATP)26H2O]2- has been found to have a significant tumour inhibitory effect on Dalton's lymphoma. Moreover, the haematopoietic system of the treated hosts is favourably disposed and the life span is much increased. It is noteworthy that the tumour inhibitory effect is enhanced by combination therapy.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1990

First-trimester diagnosis of fetal congenital heart disease by transvaginal two-dimensional and Doppler echocardiography.

Until recently, prenatal diagnosis of fetal cardiac malformations was restricted to the second and third trimesters. With the advent of high-frequency transvaginal probes, earlier detection of such malformations is possible. We present a case of nonimmune hydrops fetalis with complete atrioventricular canal defect, insufficiency of atrioventricular valves, and complete heart block at 11 weeks' gestation diagnosed by transvaginal two-dimensional and Doppler echocardiography.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

An unusual case presentation. Cellular schwannoma in pregnancy: an unusual cause of low back pain.

A cellular schwannoma is a benign hypercellular variant of a peripheral nerve sheath tumor. It usually arises in the posterior roots of the neck, mediastinum or pelvis. It produces neurologic symptoms by direct pressure on neural elements, local swelling and/or tissue necrosis. In general, the rate of progression of symptoms will determine the need for surgical intervention, which consists of total local excision. We present the first reported case of a cellular schwannoma in pregnancy; the main symptom was intractable low back pain.

Adult↗