Biomedical subjects

M Cluzel

Publications and source records attributed to M Cluzel.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources

PubMed1984

[Comparative activity of sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim (SMZ-TMP) on bacteria responsible for ORL infections].

The bacteriostatic activity in vitro of co-trimoxazole (SMZ-TMP); ampicillin, tetracycline and oleandomycin was evaluated against 225 bacterial strains. All the strains (49 Pneumococci, 49 Haemophilus, 41 Streptococci and 86 Staphylococcus aureus) were isolated from sinusitis (63 strains) and otitis (162 strains) in monomicrobial samples. The minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of the 4 antibiotics were determined by the agar diffusion method on all strains. Moreover MICs of SMZ-TMP were determined by the broth dilution method on Haemophilus strains. Seventy seven p. cent of the strains were found sensitive to SMZ-TMP, 70.7% to ampicillin, 85.4% to tetracycline and 73% to oleandomycin. SMZ-TMP was the most effective on Staphylococcus aureus (80% of the isolates were sensitive), whereas ampicillin was effective on all Streptococcus, and Pneumococcus strains and tetracycline was the most active on Haemophilus strains (88% of the isolates were sensitive).

Ampicillin↗

PubMed1983

[In vitro study of the bacteriostatic and bactericidal activity of temocillin (BRL 17421)].

Temocillin is a carboxypenicillin; a methoxy group in the 6-alpha position should confer to the molecule greater stability to beta-lactamases. 236 strains isolated from clinical specimens were tested. MICs were determined by agar dilution method. Enterobacteriaceae were very susceptible, MICs being generally less than or equal to 8 micrograms/ml and always less than 32 micrograms/ml. The activity of the drug was equal against the beta-lactamases producing strains. On the other hand temocillin was not active against aerobes (Pseudomonas aeruginosa and 90% of Acinetobacter), and against Gram positive bacteria. The bactericidal effect was strong: (formula; see text) A regression-line was proposed for Enterobacteriaceae and "break-points" were discussed.

Bacteria↗

PubMed1983

[In vitro activity of azthreonam on hospital Gram-negative bacilli. Results of a multicenter study].

This work reports a multicenter study of antibacterial activity of azthreonam, a new antibacterial agent of the monobactam group, on Gram negative rods. Enterobacteriaceae are very sensitive to azthreonam (modal MIC: 0,06 micrograms/ml); some strains have higher MIC greater than or equal to 8 micrograms/ml, particularly among Enterobacter, Serratia and Citrobacter. Azthreonam has a good activity on Pseudomonas aeruginosa: 90% of the strains are inhibited by 8 micrograms/ml or less. Acinetobacter are less sensitive with a modal MIC of 32 micrograms/ml. Haemophilus are inhibited by low concentrations, 0,06 to 0,12 micrograms/ml usually.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗

PubMed1983

[In vitro effect of rosoxacin on hospital bacteria. Results of a multicenter study].

This work reports a multicenter study of antibacterial activity of rosoxacin, a new antibacterial agent of the quinolone group. Enterobacteriaceae are very sensitive to rosoxacin (modal MIC 0,5 micrograms/ml); resistant strains are observed in all species, but more often among Serratia and Citrobacter. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is less sensitive with a maximum number of strains between 2 and 8 micrograms/ml, so it is nearly for Acinetobacter. Haemophilus are very sensitive, having MIC of 0,03 and 0,06 micrograms/ml. The spectrum of rosoxacin includes Gram positive bacteria, since the MIC of Staphylococci are similar to Enterobacteriaceae; Enterococci are less sensitive, the major part of the strains being inhibited by 4 and 8 micrograms/ml.

4-Quinolones↗

PubMed1982

[Comparative bactericidal activity of beta-lactam-aminoglycoside combinations against Pseudomonas aeruginosa].

The effects of combining each of 10 beta-lactamins (carbenicillin, ticarcillin, piperacillin, azlocillin, cefotaxime, moxalactam, ceftriaxone, cefoperazone, ceftazidime, cefsulodin) with 6 aminoglycosides were studied in vitro against two strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The bactericidal activity was tested by two methods: solid medium technique of "cellophane transfer" and "checkerboard" method (broth-dilution micromethod partly automatic). No single antagonism was observed. Concerning new penicillins, the percentage of synergy is increasing from carbenicillin, to ticarcillin, to azlocillin and finally to piperacillin. For recent cephalosporins, the most synergistic combinations are obtained with ceftriaxone, cefoperazone and ceftazidime. If aminoglycosides associations are considered, there is a good activity whichever antibiotic chosen, with a higher level for streptomycin and lower one for tobramycin. Dibekacin combinations, also tested by the checkerboard method, are particularly synergistic with azlocillin and piperacillin for new penicillins, and equally well with ceftriaxone for recent cephalosporins.

Aminoglycosides↗

PubMed1982

[Antibacterial activity of netilmicin in combination with other antibiotics. Comparison with other aminoglycosides (author's transl)].

We studied in vitro bactericidal effects of netilmicin combined with other antibiotics, comparing with that obtained with other aminoglycosides combinations. We used strains of Streptococci and Gram negative rods tested versus 11 antibiotics : penicillin (P), ampicillin (Am), carbenicillin (Cb), cefalotin (Cth), cefazolin (Cfz), cefradin (Cfa), cefoxitin (Cxt), cefotaxime (CTX), erythromycin (E), pristinamycin (Pr), vancomycin (V). These were combined with streptomycin (Sm), tobramycin (To), amikacin (Ak), gentamicin (G) and netilmicin (Nl). First of all, we noted the high bactericidal power of Nl, whatever the strains tested. Against Streptococci, the activity of P + Nl and Am + Nl were equivalent or superior to that of P + G and Am + G. Among cephalosporins, we noted a synergistic effect of Ctx + Nl which did not exist with Ctx + G. In the same way, E + Nl showed synergism whereas E + G didn't. V + Nl combinations, as active upon Streptococci as V + G, are more active than V + G upon Enterococci. Against Gram negative bacilli, we observed good effects with Cb + Nl. Cephalosporins combinations were also interesting : Cfz + Nl were as active Cfz + G but Czt + Nl showed higher synergistic effect than Cxt + G. Ctx + Nl combinations were effective upon E. coli.

Aminoglycosides↗

PubMed1973