Rehabilitation of xeropthalmic children. A follow-up study in southern India.
Two hundred and seventy-five children were admitted to the Nutrition Rehabilitation Centre (NRC), Madurai in 1975; 213 had xeropthalmia and 62 showed no eye signs. All were malnourished, the largest single group being less than half their expected weight for age. A follow-up study was made both by means of recall to the NRC and by means of house visits to children of Madurai town. Less than half the total, but 55% of town children were found. The distribution of eye signs on admission in those who were later followed-up, corresponded with that in the total. Weight improved while at the NRC and also after return home. All existing cases of corneal xerosis healed but conjunctival xerosis remained in some. Major corneal damage through ulceration, keratomalacia and scars was present in 94 children at admission, 34 of these were followed-up. Four were blind and five had severely limited vision in both eyes, but useful vision was present in one or both eyes of the other 25 (73%) children. For example, of 15 children found blind in one eye, 13 had good vision in their other. The mortality among xerophthalmic children children while at the NRC was 6.6%, and among those visited later at home was 20%. Almost all mothers questioned, said they gave their children green vegetables, but apart from this very important precept, few other dietary suggestions were followed.