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M Colombel

Publications and source records attributed to M Colombel.

69 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Prognostic factors in superficial bladder cancer.

A large body of evidence suggests that intravesical prophylaxis using bacillus Calmette-Guérin can favorably alter the natural history of superficial bladder cancer. The search for prognostic factors impacting the clinical alternative between conservative and radical treatment has been the subject of numerous efforts and remains a major objective in improving the carcinological results and the quality of life patients with superficial bladder cancer. In this regard, information is available on three levels: clinicopathological parameters, quantitative analysis, and biological markers. Recent advances in as well as the limitations and pitfalls of the use of three kinds of information in prognostication are reviewed. The proper use of prognostic factors will modify our attitude toward superficial bladder cancer in the near future.

BCG Vaccine↗
PubMed1993

Increased immunodetection of acidic fibroblast growth factor in bladder cancer, detectable in urine.

Acidic fibroblast growth factor is a regulatory peptide involved in cell proliferation, differentiation and motility. We used a polyclonal antiserum raised against purified native bovine acidic fibroblast growth factor, with no cross-reactivity for basic fibroblast growth factor to detect acidic fibroblast growth factor in tissue extracts and urine samples by means of a competitive enzyme immunoassay. Histochemical analysis was also performed on 10 specimens of normal urothelium and 50 of bladder cancer. Acidic fibroblast growth factor immunoreactive material was found in normal urothelium (1.77 +/- 2 ng./gm. tissue) and was increased more than 10-fold in patients with transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder (20.36 +/- 12 ng./gm. tissue). Immunohistochemical analysis localized immunoreactivity in the epithelial compartment of bladder tumors. Acidic fibroblast growth factor was assayed in urine from 579 individuals comprising a control group (114) and patients with benign prostatic hypertrophy (133), carcinoma of the prostate (96) or transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder (236). There was a significant difference in the frequency of urinary acidic fibroblast growth factor detection among the patients with invasive transitional cell carcinoma, the control group (p < 0.001) and the patients with prostatic disease (p < 0.01). The sensitivity was 72% and the specificity was 91%. Furthermore, the frequency of acidic fibroblast growth factor detection by enzyme immunoassay in the urine and the intensity of immunostaining was correlated with the stage of the disease. These data strongly suggest that acidic fibroblast growth factor is a potential marker for bladder tumors that may be of use in the noninvasive followup of patients with bladder cancer. We present a simple and reliable enzyme immunoassay for the detection of acidic fibroblast growth factor in voided urine that might be useful to quantitate this marker.

Biomarkers, Tumor↗
PubMed1993

Detection of the apoptosis-suppressing oncoprotein bc1-2 in hormone-refractory human prostate cancers.

The oncoprotein encoded by bc1-2 is unique because of its intracellular location (a mitochondrial membrane protein) and apparent mode of action (suppression of apoptosis). To date, this oncogene has been associated only with the development of certain forms of human B-cell lymphoma. In this report, we describe our experience with a monoclonal antibody made against a synthetic peptide for bc1-2 that can recognize the bc1-2 protein and identify cells in human prostate glands expressing this proto-oncogene with in situ immunohistochemical procedures. These procedures were utilized to survey a series of 62 human tissues to evaluate whether bc1-2 might have a role in the developing prostate gland or in prostate oncogenesis. While all primordial epithelial cells in a fetal prostate gland immunostain for bc1-2, normal and hypertrophic prostate glands of the adult show bc1-2 expression restricted to the basal cells. All epithelial cells in areas of prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia were stained by this antibody, as were most (62%) localized invasive prostatic carcinomas. In contrast, all primary prostatic carcinomas and metastases obtained from metastatic prostate cancer patients after hormone treatment (hormone-refractory tumors) stained positive for bc1-2. This study demonstrates that the oncoprotein encoded by bc1-2 can be detected at sequential stages in the natural history of human prostate cancer. Since the bc1-2 oncoprotein is known to suppress the cellular response to apoptotic stimuli, it will be important to determine whether bc1-2 expression is a factor in the development of prostate cancers and in the survival of hormone-refractory prostate cancer cells.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1993

[Radical cystectomy for cancer. Technic].

Radical cystectomy is the treatment of choice for invasive bladder cancer. Morbidity and mortality associated with this procedure have been reduced substantially as a result of advances in surgical techniques and instruments. The cystectomy technique described herein offers satisfactory exposure and hemostasis, thus providing optimal conditions for achieving high-quality urinary diversion.

Cystectomy↗
PubMed1993

[A procedure for bladder replacement using a low-pressure ileal reservoir].

Goals pursued when constructing an ileal pouch after cystectomy include good capacity and distensibility, voluntary control of micturition with no residual urine, a sensation of fullness, and urinary continence. In addition, metabolic disorders due to reabsorption of urine components by the ileal mucosa require control. A bladder replacement technique using a low-pressure ileal reservoir is described and results in eighty patients are reported. Physiologic features of ileal urinary pouches are reviewed.

Cystectomy↗
PubMed1992

Hormone-regulated apoptosis results from reentry of differentiated prostate cells onto a defective cell cycle.

Castration initiates extensive apoptosis of the secretory epithelial cells lining the ducts of the rat ventral prostate, resulting in the striking regression of this male sexual accessory tissue. We had previously described the paradox of finding similar cascades of gene activity (c-fos greater than c-myc greater than hsp-70) induced during the early period of ventral prostate regression and during the regrowth of the ventral prostate gland initiated by testosterone replenishment. This common pattern of protooncogene expression during periods of predominant cellular apoptosis or proliferation caused us to examine further the possibility that the two cellular events occur through identical early molecular pathways. In the present study we demonstrate that apoptotic prostate epithelial cells incorporate bromodeoxyuridine into nuclear high-molecular-weight DNA prior to nuclear DNA fragmentation. The DNA synthetic activity occurs in coordination with a massive induction of proliferative cell nuclear antigen, a proliferation marker, in the nuclei of androgen-deprived prostatic epithelial cells. Moreover, this activity is also associated with the increased expression of mRNA encoding p53, a suppressor gene well known as a cell cycle-blocking agent. Our data indicate that quiescent (G0) prostate epithelial cells undergo apoptosis due to two sequential events initiated by testosterone depletion. The first event is the active reentry of these cells into the cell cycle. The second event is the apoptotic destruction resulting from the inability of the differentiated cells to successfully complete this cycle.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[Results of treatment of superficial vesical tumors by transurethral resection alone and transurethral resection followed by an intravesical instillation of Calmette-Guerin bacillus].

Superficial bladder tumors treated at the Henri Mondor Hospital from 1984 through 1988 were analyzed for recurrence and progression using the following prognostic parameters: stage (TNM classification, 1978), grade (G1, G2, G3), size, number of tumors, and tumor malignancy index as defined by the Besançon group. Forty-five patients were treated with transurethral resection alone (TUR group) whereas 30 had TUR followed by the prophylactic instillation of fresh Calmette-Guérin bacillus in the bladder (BCG group). In TUR patients, parameters predictive of progression included grade G3, multiple tumors, stage T1, recurrence within 6 months of TUR, and a tumor malignancy index above 455. None of these criteria were predictive of a response to BCG. Results obtained in the BCG group were comparable to those reported in the literature and confirmed the efficacy of BCG instillations to prevent recurrence and progression of superficial carcinomas of the bladder.

Administration, Intravesical↗
PubMed1989

Conservative treatment of renal allograft rupture with polyglactin 910 mesh and gelatin resorcin formaldehyde glue.

Renal-sparing treatment of spontaneous renal allograft rupture remains a surgical challenge, since profuse hemorrhage may result from these friable kidneys during surgical repair. A technique is proposed to achieve control of local bleeding with a synthetic glue (gelatin, resorcin and formaldehyde) and external compression with a polyglactin 910 absorbable mesh. We report 4 cases of spontaneous allograft rupture associated with rejection and bleeding was controlled in all 4. Three grafts were preserved with more than 1 year of followup. The other graft had to be removed for uncontrolled vascular rejection despite satisfactory control of renal fractures. Renal wrapping with external compression is proposed to improve results of conservative management of renal allograft rupture.

Adult↗