PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

M Cornelius

Publications and source records attributed to M Cornelius.

10 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1993

[Intranasal provocation with lysine acetylsalicylic acid].

At present provocation tests are indispensible tools for diagnosing acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) intolerance, which is often associated with nasal polyps. Reliable oral and inhalation provocation tests are time-consuming procedures that often cause the patient discomfort because of accompanying reactions. These tests are therefore best done with the patient hospitalized. Studies concerning the sensitivity, specificity and tolerance of the new intranasal provocation procedure using lysine-ASA were based primarily on cases of bronchial asthma and yielded differing results. Our aim was to examine the above parameters in a large group of patients with nasal polyps (n = 153) and to compare this method with the oral ASA procedure. Intranasal provocation with 2 mg lysine-ASA revealed a sensitivity of 0.47 (n = 30) and a specificity of 0.91 (n = 105), with the test period lasting 40 min. A modified provocation test with 2, 4 and 10 mg lysine-ASA and a 100 min test period resulted in a sensitivity of 0.67 (n = 15) and a specificity of 0.84 (n = 37). All in all, only 2 patients reacted to the test with signs of bronchial asthma. Other reactions to the provocations were limited to the upper respiratory tract or were only found with rhinomanometry. These findings show that nasal provocation with lysine-ASA can be helpful in determining whether an oral provocation test is indicated. The procedure does not take very long, is well-tolerated and can be done in the outpatient department.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

The effects of prenatal alcohol use on the growth of children at three years of age.

In this prospective study of substance use during pregnancy, women were interviewed in their 4th and 7th prenatal months, and women and children were assessed at 24 hr, 8, 18, and 36 months postpartum. Data are presented on the outcome of 519 children at age 3. At 3 years, children who were exposed prenatally to alcohol were smaller in weight, length, and head circumference. They also had an increased number of minor physical anomalies. These effects were found even after controlling for nutritional and environmental factors. The persistence of growth effects at age 3 suggests that children exposed to alcohol prenatally may have a diminished capacity for growth.

Body Height↗
PubMed1991

Prenatal alcohol exposure and offspring growth at 18 months of age: the predictive validity of two measures of drinking.

This is an analysis of the effect of prenatal alcohol exposure on growth of the offspring at 18 months of age. In this prospective study, a cohort of women was interviewed at the end of each trimester of pregnancy, at delivery, and at 8 and 18 months. Offspring were examined at each follow-up point. Two drinking scales, average daily volume (ADV) and frequent heavy drinking (FHD), were used to explore the effect of different patterns of drinking. We found significant relationships between both prenatal FHD and ADV and offspring growth at 18 months. A significant and inverse relationship was found between ADV during the second and the third trimesters of pregnancy and weight, height, and head circumference at 18 months. Frequent heavy drinking during all three trimesters predicted a significant decrease in head circumference at 18 months. FHD during the second trimester was significantly related to weight and height at 18 months. Analyses demonstrated that ADV was a better predictor of growth deficits than FHD.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Effect of prenatal alcohol exposure on growth and morphology of offspring at 8 months of age.

In this prospective study of alcohol and other substance use during pregnancy, a cohort of women was interviewed at each trimester of pregnancy and when the offspring were 8 months of age. Data are presented concerning the outcome for 461 infants. A significant relationship was found between alcohol use during pregnancy and the growth and morphology of the offspring at the 8-month follow-up observation. Alcohol use during the second and third trimesters of pregnancy and continuous use of alcohol throughout pregnancy were significantly related to lower weight, length, and head circumference in the exposed infants at the follow-up observation. A significant increase in the risk of minor physical anomalies and fetal alcohol effects was also predicted by prenatal alcohol exposure.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Prenatal exposure to alcohol: effect on infant growth and morphologic characteristics.

In this prospective study of alcohol and other substance use during pregnancy, a cohort of 650 women was interviewed at each trimester of pregnancy. Data are presented concerning the status of 595 live singleton births. A relationship was demonstrated between prenatal maternal alcohol use and growth and morphologic abnormalities in the offspring. Low birth weight, decreased head circumference and length, and an increased rate of fetal alcohol effects were all found to be significantly correlated with exposure to alcohol during the first 2 months of the first trimester.

Abnormalities, Drug-Induced↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Prenatal marijuana use and neonatal outcome.

In a longitudinal study of marijuana and other substance use during pregnancy, women were interviewed at each trimester of pregnancy. Growth parameters, morphological abnormalities and gestational age were assessed for the 519 liveborn singletons. There were few significant effects of marijuana use during pregnancy on birth weight, head or chest circumference, gestational age, or growth retardation after adjustment for covariates using a regression model for analysis. There was a small but significant negative effect of marijuana use during the first two months of pregnancy on birth length and a positive effect of marijuana use during the third trimester on birth weight.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The effects of prenatal tobacco and marijuana use on offspring growth from birth through 3 years of age.

This is a prospective study of prenatal substance use. Women were interviewed during their fourth and seventh months of pregnancy, at delivery, and at 8, 18, and 36 months postpartum. At birth, there were 763 liveborn, singleton offspring in the sample. At each phase, the offspring were examined and measured for growth. Data are presented on the relationship between tobacco and marijuana use and the size of the offspring at birth, 8, 18, and 36 months of age. At birth, there was a significant inverse relationship between tobacco use and weight, length, and head circumference. At 8 months of age, only length continued to be associated with prenatal tobacco exposure. By 18 months of age, there was no relationship between prenatal tobacco exposure and size of the offspring. Prenatal marijuana exposure was only associated with decreased length at birth. Neither tobacco nor marijuana use predicted gestational age or morphological abnormalities.

Child, Preschool↗