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Biomedical subjects

M Corsi

Publications and source records attributed to M Corsi.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

[Endosteal hyperostosis with dominant transmission. Description of 8 cases in 3 generations of the same nuclear family].

The authors report on 8 patients with the dominant type of endosteal hyperostosis (Worth's disease), found in the same kindred over 3 generations. Three were males, five females, from 5 to 49 years of age. Major radiographic features were an increased density of bones of the skull and spine, with thickening of the diaphyseal cortex of tubular bones, without any change in remodeling. Seven patients were almost asymptomatic. A decompressive craniotomy had been performed in one, who showed a compression of the 2nd, 5th and 8th cranial nerves. Blood alkaline phosphatase was normal. The bone density increases with age, but in spite of this the clinical course if milder than in recessive type of generalized cortical hyperostosis (Van Buchem's disease, as reported in the 35 cases of endosteal hyperostosis (dominant type) previously described.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

L-carnitine in haemodialysed patients. Changes in lipid pattern.

Carnitine is a selective carrier of free fatty acids from the cytoplasm to the mitochondria. Dialysed patients are chronically and progressively carnitine deficient due to loss in the dialysate. Simultaneously such patients present impaired lipid metabolism and this may provoke varied pathological conditions ranging from isolated hypertriglyceridaemia to frank forms of hyperlipoproteinaemia types IIa, IIb, and IV, and to apparently normolipaemic situations falling within a lipoprotein pattern tending to become pathological with low levels of HDL-cholesterol. In the present investigation we evaluated the effect of l-carnitine (versus placebo) on the lipid pattern in a group of apparently normolipaemic dialysed patients, but with altered coronary risk factors (HDL-cholesterol, beta:alpha lipoprotein ratio). Examinations showed no significant changes at the 15th and 30th day of placebo treatment, whereas the l-carnitine treated group displayed a statistical significant increase in HDL-cholesterol accompanied by reduced pre-beta-lipoproteins and decreased beta:alpha ratio.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Controlled assessment of the concentrations of a new cephalosporin in bile and gallbladder.

The distribution of cephalexin in bile and in the gall bladder was investigated in humans after administering pivalexin--a new cephalexin derivative--that exhibits favourable pharmacokinetic characteristics versus cephalexin itself. Two groups of subjects were given either pivalexin or cephalexin in the form of capsules in a single oral dose. Pivalexin in view of its greater excretion of cephalexin in bile and its satisfactory fixation of cephalexin in the gallbladder, as compared with cephalexin itself, may reasonably be regarded as a recommendable antibiotic in the treatment of biliary-duct infections.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

[First results by means of non-ionic contrast medium (Iopamidol) in urography and angiography (author's transl)].

The non-ionic water-soluble contrast medium Iopamidol was used for urography in 10 patients and for angiography in 20 patients. In every investigation excellent visualization was obtained and non adverse reaction occurred. Good tolerability to Iopamidol permitted to carry out painless peripheral angiography and translumbar angiography without general anaesthesia.

Angiography↗
PubMed1979

Predictive value of preoperative in vitro and in vivo studies for correct individual heparinization in cardiac surgery.

Heparin administration for operations with extracorporeal circulation (ECC) usually is performed following prefixed, standardized protocols. These regimens secure an adequate level of anticoagulation, but they often involve prolonged periods of overheparinization associated with an undue risk of hemorrhage. The predictive value of preoperative studies in the anticoagulant effect of heparin was investigated in 10 patients. The study was performed both in vitro and in vivo using the Xa inhibitor assay as an index of the anticoagulation induced by heparin. Adding variable amounts of heparin in vitro to patient's plasma resulted in straight (at least up to 7 U. per milliliter) and parallel, but not coincident, dose/response curves, so confirming a different individual sensitivity to heparin. Disappearance curves of the anticoagulant effect in plasma following intravenous administration of a single standard dose of heparin in the same patients showed an even greater patient-to-patient variability, with "half-life" times ranging from 30 to 150 minutes. No relationship was found between the parameters (in vitro sensitivity to heparin and clearance rate from plasma in vivo). Moreover, neither of them could be correlated with the response to heparin, subsequently observed during ECC in the same patients. Preoperative investigations with the methods presently available are not adequate to choose individual heparin administration regimens for cardiac operations.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Routine double-contrast radiographic examination of the esophagus].

The authors evaluate the opportunity of extending the double-contrast technique to the X-rays examination of the esophagus, with particular regard to physical and chemical features of barium compounds used at present for the X-rays study of digestive tract. The authors expose the results of this kind of X-rays examination in the most important fields of esophageal pathology. Personal experience actually demonstrate the opportuny of extending the double-contrast technique to routine practice, as a first approach to the double-contrast study of the upper digestive tract.

Air↗
PubMed1976

[On 23 cases of postinfartual interventricular septal rupture surgically treate. Immediate e long term results (author's transl)].

An experimental study on myocardial viability after acute occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) for period of six hours is described. For this study 24 adult dogs were used in which an acute myocardial infarction for an area of 20-30% of left ventricul were obtained with ligatures completely occluding the LAD and his collaterals. Following ligature release, on the LAD only, ECG, BP, VCP and histology were studied with the general clinical conditions. The Authors affirm that clinical and ECGraphic data became worse after reperfusion; instead histological data show the possibility of recovery of many muscolar cells of ischemic and neighbouring areas.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Spontaneous preference for ethanol in naive rats is influenced by cholecystokinin A receptor antagonism.

Naive adult male Wistar rats free to choose between water or 10% ethanol (v/v) spontaneously became water-preferring (WP) rats, as they drank mainly water (approximately 35 ml per day), or alcohol-drinking (ED) rats, as they also drank a significant amount of ethanol (approximately 14 ml per day). The selective CCKA receptor antagonist L-364,718 at doses selective for the CCKA receptor (5 micrograms/kg, IP) halved the consumption of alcohol of the ED rats without modifying their total liquid in-take. In contrast, the CCKB antagonists L-365,260 or GV150013 were without effect when used at doses selective for the CCKB receptor. These data indicate that the CCK system could be involved in the modulation of alcohol intake. In particular, they suggest that CCKA receptors could play a role in the ethanol preference.

Alcohol Drinking↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Foam-sclerotherapy, surgery, sclerotherapy, and combined treatment for varicose veins: a 10-year, prospective, randomized, controlled, trial (VEDICO trial).

The study compared, by a prospective, randomized method, 6 treatment options: A: Sclerotherapy; B: High-dose sclerotherapy; C: Multiple ligations; D: Stab avulsion; E: Foam-sclerotherapy; F: Surgery (ligation) followed by sclerotherapy. Results were analyzed 10 years after inclusion and initial treatment. Endpoints of the study were variations in ambulatory venous pressure (AVP), refilling time (RT), presence of duplex-reflux, and number of recurrent or new incompetent venous sites. The number of patients, limbs, and treated venous segments were comparable in the 6 treatment groups, also comparable for age and sex distribution. The occurrence of new varicose veins at 5 years varied from 34% for group F (surgery + sclero) and ligation (C) to 44% for the foam + sclero group (E) and 48% for group A (dose 1 sclero). At 10 years the occurrence of new veins varied from 37% in F to 56% in A. At inclusion AVP was comparable in the different groups. At 10 years the decrease in AVP and the increase in RT (indicating decrease in reflux), was generally comparable in the different groups. Also at 10 years the number of new points of major incompetence was comparable in all treatment groups. These results indicate that, when correctly performed, all treatments may be similarly effective. "Standard," low-dose sclerotherapy appears to be less effective than high-dose sclero and foam-sclerotherapy which may obtain, in selected subjects, results comparable to surgery.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Evaluation of the local effects of vitamin E (E-Mousse) on free radicals in diabetic microangiopathy: a randomized, controlled trial.

The aims of the study were to evaluate the short-term effects of a new thermosensitive, vitamin E (V-E) mousse on local free radicals (FR) and skin flux in diabetic microangiopathy. A group of 40 patients with diabetic microangiopathy was included. The variation in measurements of skin FR was evaluated by the D-Rom test. Subjects were between 45 and 65 years with type II diabetes and good metabolic control. E-mousse, a thermoactive preparation of acetate vitamin E (20%), was applied twice daily on the whole surface of the leg (below knee) and foot for 3 weeks. The contralateral leg was untreated acting as control. Subjects with age between 45 and 65 years with type II diabetes (diagnosed at least 5 years before) and good metabolic control (blood sugar < 180 mg/dL) were included after informed consent. Patients with uncontrolled diabetes, peripheral vascular disease, and severe lower limbs infections were excluded. Local free radicals (FR) and laser Doppler flux including the venoarteriolar response (VAR) were evaluated. The tolerability was evaluated by a semiquantitative score. Of the 40 included patients 34 completed the study. The 2 groups were comparable. At 3 weeks there was no decrease in FR in controls; the decrease in the treatment group was 45.3% (p < 0.05). Also in the treatment group RF decreased (p < 0.05) and the VARveno improved from an average of 21% to an average of 38% (p < 0.05). No significant variations were observed in the control group. The variation in symptomatic score was from a total value of 8 to 5 in the control group and from 8 to 1 in the treatment group (p < 0.02). Their tolerability was good. In conclusion local treatment with E-mousse for 3 weeks in diabetic microangiopathy improves skin microcirculation and the metabolic condition as shown by the decrease in FR.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Prevention of venous thrombosis in long-haul flights with Flite Tabs: the LONFLIT-FLITE randomized, controlled trial.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the development of edema, and superficial and deep vein thrombosis (DVT) prophylaxis with an oral profibrinolytic agent (Flite Tabs, 150 mg pinokinase, Aidan, Tempe, AZ, USA) in long-haul flights (7-8 hours), in high-risk subjects. A group of 300 subjects was included; 76 were excluded for several problems including concomitant treatments; 204 were randomized into 2 groups (active treatment or placebo) to evaluate the effects of prophylaxis with Flite Tabs. An exercise program was used in both groups. The femoral, popliteal, tibial, and superficial veins were scanned with ultrasound before and within 90 minutes after flights. Of the included subjects, 92 of 103 controls and 94 of 101 treated subjects completed the study. Dropouts were due to connection problems. Age, gender, and risk distribution were comparable in the groups. In the treatment group, no DVT was observed. In the control group, 5 subjects (5.4%) had a DVT and there were 2 superficial thromboses (7 events in 92 subjects; 7.6%). At inclusion, edema was comparable in the 2 groups. After flights there was an increase in score in controls (+12%) in comparison with a decrease (-15%) in the Flite Tabs group (the difference in variation was statistically significant). Intention-to-treat analysis for thrombotic events shows 18 failures in controls (11 lost to follow-up + 7 thrombotic events) of 92 subjects (19.6%) in comparison with 7 failures (of 94 subjects, equivalent to 7.4%) in the treatment group (p < 0.05). Events were asymptomatic. In conclusion, Flite Tabs were effective in reducing thrombotic events and in controlling edema in high-risk subjects in long flights.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Prevention of recurrent deep venous thrombosis with sulodexide: the SanVal registry.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevention of recurrent deep vein thrombosis (R-DVT) with an oral antithrombotic agent (sulodexide) in moderate to high-risk subjects. A group of 405 patients was included into the multicenter registry. Both compression and an exercise program were used as well as a risk-factors control plan. After diagnosis of DVT, patients were treated with oral anticoagulants for 6 months. At the end of this period a coagulation study was made and patients started treatment with oral sulodexide capsules for a period of 24 months. The femoral, popliteal, tibial, and superficial veins were scanned with high-resolution ultrasound at inclusion;scans were repeated at 6, 12, 18, and 24 months. Of the 405 subjects included into the registry 178 in the control group (mean age 52.2; SD 11; M:F=90:88) and 189 in the treatment group (mean age 53.2; SD 10.3; M:F=93:96) completed the analysis period of 24 months. At 6 and 12 months the incidence of R-DVT was lower (p<0.05) in the treatment group. At 24 months the global incidence of R-DVT was 17.9% in the control group and 7.4% in the sulodexide group (p<0.05), 2.42 times lower than in controls. The 2 groups were comparable for age and sex distribution and for the localization of the thrombi at inclusion. Also the 2 groups of dropouts were comparable. In the control group there were 32 recurrent DVTs and 24 subjects lost to follow-up (total of 56) of 202 included subjects (27.7%) in comparison with 28 failures (14 recurrent DVTs and 14 lost subjects) of 203 subjects (13.8%) in the treatment group. This difference was statistically significant. In this analysis the incidence of DVT in controls was 2.07 times higher than in the treatment group subjects. In conclusion sulodexide was effective in reducing recurrent thrombotic events in high-risk subjects.

Administration, Oral↗