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Biomedical subjects

M Cosio

Publications and source records attributed to M Cosio.

4 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1978

The relations between structural changes in small airways and pulmonary-function tests.

To examine the relation between small-airways abnormalities and specific lung functions, we performed pulmonary-function tests in 36 patients, of whom two were nonsmokers, one to three days before open-lung biopsy for localized pulmonary lesions. The primary lesion in the small airways was a progressive inflammatory reaction leading to fibrosis with connective-tissue deposition in the airway walls. Increase in disease in small airways correlated with deterioration in lung function. Lesions could be reliably detected (P less than 0.05) by tests for closing capacity, the volume at which air and helium flow ere equal (a test of airway caliber and elastic recoil), and the slope of phase III of the single-breath washout curve (which tests evenness of ventilation). These tests showed abnormalities at a time when the pathologic changes were still potentially reversible and when other tests were not appreciably changed.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Influence of pericardial fluid on cardiogenic gas mixing in the lung.

Respirat. Environ. Exercise Physiol. 42(1): 5-12, 1977. -In eight open-chested dogs we measured the end-inspiratory N2 concentration within 12 airways, 2.5-8.3 mm in diameter during constant flow inflations with 0.5 liter of O2 before and after the introduction of saline into the pericardial sac. The critical flow rate necessary to achieve a given end-inspiratory FN2, as well as the maximal amplitude of cardiogenic N2 fluctuations, became smaller in the presence of pericardial fluid (PF). In the presence of only 25-50 ml of saline in the pericardium the effective diffusion coefficient, incorporating cardiogenic gas mixing, decreased by as much as 50-66%, respectively. Studies in two dogs with the chest intact showed that PF caused a qualitatively similar impairment of gas mixing during breath holding. Multiple-breath N2 washouts did not reflect the decreases in gas mixing produced by PF. We believe that PF decreases cardiogenic gas mixing mainly by protecting the lung from the rotational thrust of the heart during myocardial contraction.

Animals↗