Proximal myotonic myopathy: a syndrome with a favourable prognosis?
Cardiac involvement in myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1) is well known. In contrast, the severity and frequency of cardiac abnormalities in proximal myotonic myopathy (PROMM) are still unclear. To identify similarities and differences in the rate of progression of muscle weakness and cardiac disturbances in these two disorders, 16 patients with PROMM (3q-unlinked PROMM: n=10; uniformative for linkage: n=6) were compared to 33 patients with moderately severe myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1). There was no significant difference in disease duration between PROMM and DM1. Patients underwent serial manual muscle strength testing, EKG, 24-h Holter monitoring, 2D-echocardiography. Muscle weakness progressed slowly in both groups. Most DM1 patients developed conduction defects. No significant atrioventricular disturbances on initial and follow-up examinations were found in PROMM patients. One patient developed right bundle branch block. Many families with PROMM appear to have more benign cardiac manifestations and less severe prognosis compared to DM1. Further studies of subgroups of PROMM (linked to the 3q21 locus and without linkage) are necessary to determine whether the cardiac conduction disturbances are more common in a specific genotype of PROMM.