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Biomedical subjects

M Cruz Hernández

Publications and source records attributed to M Cruz Hernández.

14 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2002

[The changing situation of pediatric training in medical school].

We review the change produced in pediatric training in the last few years. To unify teaching criteria in the European Union, a minimum of 2 years practical training after the 6 years of undergraduate education were introduced. The number of students is not equally distributed among the 30 faculties with pediatrics departments. This number should be adapted to health requirements and teaching capacity and evaluation should be improved. Among the teaching staff, training, methodology and teaching hours should continue to be brought up to date. Student self-learning should be stimulated. "Clinician-teachers" still predominate, followed by "teacher-researchers" and a smaller number of "teacher-clinician-researchers". We recommend better evaluation of teacher training and teaching ability. The program aims at state, and even European, unification and emphasizes primary care and the implementation of new methods. It also gives greater prominence to social, preventive and adolescent pediatrics, child psychology and the normal child.

Education, Medical, Graduate↗
PubMed1999

[Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. A survey to evaluate risk factors, associated factors and parental child rearing behavior].

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between several adversity factors and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), to evaluate the existence of associated factors and to investigate parental rearing behaviors. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Eighty subjects between 7 and 8 years of age were studied. These patients belonged to a transversal study of 263 subjects that had completed the Revised Conners' Parent and Teacher Rating Scales. The authors evaluated the presence of seven probable adversity factors including: low socio-economic status, large family size, history of psychiatric disorders in first grade family members, drug abuse in parents, presence of psychological problems in the mother, perinatal pathology in the child and "difficult" temperament during early childhood. The associated factors studied were accident proneness, left motor preference, soft neurological signs, low vocabulary coefficient, poor academic achievement, low self-esteem, symptoms of anxiety and depression. EMBU-P questionnaires were used to assess parental rearing behavior. RESULTS: Two adversity factors were present in a statistically significant proportion, large family size and "difficult" temperament in early childhood, as well as two associated factors, left-handedness and low self-esteem. No statistically significant association between parental rearing behavior and ADHD was observed. CONCLUSIONS: It is necessary to keep in mind the different risk factors and associated factors of ADHD which could help to make an early diagnosis of the disorder which is very important because of its high prevalence and co-morbility.

Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity↗
PubMed1991

[Newborn infant of drug-addicted mother: maternal, perinatal, neonatal aspects, and neonatal abstinence syndrome].

Maternal drug addiction has increased in an alarming way over the last ten years. Therefore, the withdrawal syndrome in the newborn has also increased. 53% of the newborns (of chemical dependent mother) studied from 1985 to 1989 in HCP have presented this syndrome. We have analysed: perinatal, neonatal and maternal factors, and their clinical features and treatment: There is a great incidence of perinatal asphyxia, acidosis, premature rupture of the fetal membranes, etc. The newborns are usually premature or of low birth weight for their gestational age. They present diverse pathology: syphilis, HBsAg +, HIV +, gonorrhea, congenital malformations, etc. The mothers are often prostitutes, belong to a low socioeconomic status, have had previous abortions and have had no control of the actual pregnancy, etc. The syndrome of abstinence presents with: jitteriness, sweating, high-pitched or continuous crying, vomits, diarrhea, and even seizures. The neurological and digestive manifestations are the most difficult to treat. The treatment consists of general measures (little stimulation dim light, etc.), phenobarbital, and chlorpromazine.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Diagnostic value of cranial computerized tomography in pediatric practice].

A total of 100 clinical records have been studied to as certain the diagnostic use of brain CT. Most frequent diagnoses are: hypoxic-ischemic encephalopaty, seizure disorders, psychomotor delay, head enlargement and trauma. The first years of life was the period with a higher frequency of applications and the greater percentage of pathologic results (75-80 por 100) was found among intracranial hypertension, fetal distress, macrocephaly or infections of Central Nervous System and their sequelae. Minus than 50 por 100 of CT scans requested for seizures, psychomotor delay and trauma demonstrated true abnormal findings. Nearly half (53 por 100) of exams were pathological and 87 por 100 of them were useful to confirm or complete the diagnosis. It is possible to predict an increase in the number of examinations to perform in the future, although it many be replaced by alternative techniques.

Brain Diseases↗
PubMed1989

[Prognosis factors in hypoxico-ischemic encephalopathy in full term infants].

This study analyzes 61 full-term neonates affected by hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, who were followed for a minimum of 15 months to determine the factors related to the later appearance of neurological sequels. No severe sequels have been detected, while 8.2% showed moderate sequels and 4.9% slight sequels. The degree of cerebral suffering and the intensity of convulsions influence both the appearance of sequels and their severity, contrary to the scores of the Apgar tests after one minute or 5 minutes and the birth weight. By applying the formula (Sequel Rate = 0.2143* Cerebral suffering + 0.3228* Convulsions - 0.2276* EEG RN - 0.0851), if the "sequel rate" is equal to or lower than 0.55, the probability of later sequels is null, whereas a value in excess of this figure indicates a 57.1% probability of their arising.

Brain Diseases↗
PubMed1989

[Bronchiolitis obliterans with secondary pneumoconiosis].

A seven year old girl developed recurrent bronchitis since three month of life. Chronic wheezing remain between exacerbations. Pathological examination of her lung biopsy disclosed bronchiolar obstruction due to peribronchiolar fibroses. Storage of anthracoid material, compatible with pneumoconiosis in relation to impairment on mucociliary function, was present. This is an unusual picture in childhood.

Bronchiolitis Obliterans↗
PubMed1988

[The neonatal form of propionic acidemia].

A neonatal form of propionic acidemia is reported. Diagnosis was made by gas chromatography, mass spectrometry and urine excretion of 3-hydroxy-propionate and methylcitrate. Fibroblast cultures demonstrated an extremely low incorporation of C14-propionate, 6.5% range of normal values. Activity of propionyl-CoA-carboxylase was reduced. Intensive measures, including exchange-transfusion and ventilatory support, allowed life maintenance through neonatal period. Management of infant at three-month-old is based upon special diet with restriction of nocive amino acids, L-carnitine administration and infectious prophylaxis.

Acidosis↗
PubMed1976

[Craneopharyngioma in children (author's transl)].

Clinical findings in the initial and developed stages were studied in 33 cases of craneopharyngiomas in children under sixteen. A predominance of intracraneal hypertension symptoms and sight defects over endocrine symptoms was discovered; the latter appearing later on or only being detected after exhaustive studies.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

[Thyroid cancer in childhood (author's transl)].

The authors present three cases of thyroid cancer in the child with comments on the etiologic, clinical and therapeutic aspects of this rare disease. The authors insist on the danger of local radiotherapy and on the need to suspect thyroid cancer in cases of persistent laterocervical adenopathies whose diagnosis can only be confirmed by means of a biopsy. It is of note that the illness took a favourable course and various therapeutic criteria are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

[Myelomonocytic leukemia in childhood (author's transl)].

Report of five cases of juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia; authors describe an hemopathy of the young child with important splenomegaly, hepatomegaly and adenopathies; anemia with erytroblastemia; hyperleucocytosis with myelemia and monocytosis, rich and granulous bone marrow. Also remarkable is evolution, as it fatal outcome often occurs before a two year evolution, without remission looking like acute myeloblastic leukemia, a few patients have remission of most the symptoms, ending in an apparent recovery, which may be spontaneous.

Child↗