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Biomedical subjects

M D Gardner

Publications and source records attributed to M D Gardner.

31 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Test-request patterns for clinical chemistry in a British and a Canadian renal dialysis unit.

We recorded, during four months, the total number of routine clinical chemistry tests requested for patients with end-stage renal failure who were on regular maintenance hemodialysis during the study: 20 in the Renal Dialysis Unit of a British and 20 in a Canadian teaching hospital. The pattern of tests ordered was substantially the same in each unit, but the frequency of testing was not. The total number of tests (and tests per patient per month) was 1616 (20.2) for the British and 6939 (86.7) for the Canadian unit (significant at p less than 0.001). This study suggests a significant difference between the two countries in the utilization of laboratory services, and supports our earlier findings on total clinical chemical workloads in hospitals.

Canada↗
PubMed1982

Hypercalcaemia and metastatic bone disease: is there a causal link?

The relation between serum calcium and the extent of metastatic bone disease as judged by radionuclide bone scan was examined in a consecutive series of 195 patients with malignant disease. Of 87 patients with hypercalcaemia, 40% had no evidence of skeletal metastatic bone disease and serum calcium values. Of 160 patients judged to have bone-scan evidence of metastatic skeletal involvement, only 32.5% were significantly hypercalcaemic. Further, a negative correlation was found between the extent of metastatic bone disease and serum calcium value. The development of hypercalcaemia in malignancy is not directly related to the presence or extent of metastatic bone disease. It is suggested that the development of hypercalcaemia may depend on an alternative mechanism, such as the production of a humoral substance by tumour tissue, having its effect on calcium metabolism at sites or organs distant from local areas of tumor involvement.

Bone Neoplasms↗
PubMed1982

Do anticonvulsant drugs commonly induce osteomalacia?

Twenty adult epileptic out-patients who had received anticonvulsant therapy for a mean duration of 15 years were assessed for clinical, biochemical, radioisotopic and bone biopsy evidence of osteomalacia. Occasional biochemical abnormalities were demonstrated but no individual subject was found to have osteomalacia. There is increasing evidence to cast doubt on the existence of a strong relationship between anticonvulsant drugs and osteomalacia. This evidence is reviewed and it is concluded that in the presence of adequate sunlight exposure anticonvulsant therapy alone is most unlikely to lead to osteomalacia in adults.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Clinical chemistry laboratory productivity: a comparison between a Canadian and a British teaching hospital.

the productivity of a clinical chemistry laboratory was measured in both a Canadian and a British tertiary care teaching hospital using 1977 data and the 1976 edition of the Canadian Schedule of Unit Values. Although productivity, measured as units produced per person or per paid hour, was lower in the British than in the Canadian teaching hospital-due to the British day-release system of staff-education-the output per actual worker hour was similar. We conclude, from this small study, that productivity in the laboratory services of the British National Health Service is not likely to be different from laboratory productivity elsewhere.

Chemistry, Clinical↗
PubMed1981

Predictive value of derived calcium figures based on the measurement of ionised calcium.

The algorithms used in this hospital to assess calcium status are calculated ionised serum calcium and the serum calcium concentration adjusted for albumin. In order to establish their clinical usefulness, they were compared with the ionised calcium concentration measured on the Nova 2 instrument in patients with various calcium and protein abnormalities. Good correlation was found between the measured and calculated values. The predictive values for the calculated results and for total serum calcium concentrations are presented. In this series, the derived values were useful in predicting the serum ionised calcium concentration of the patients studied.

Blood Protein Disorders↗
PubMed1981

Preparation of material to control precision of calcium selective electrodes.

A simple procedure is described for the preparation of a stable precision quality control material for use in the measurement of level of ionised calcium in serum at or near the reference range. Repeat analyses on a Nova 2 ionised calcium analyser of serum pools stored at different temperatures over a period of three months showed coefficients of variation less of less than 4%.

Calcium↗
PubMed1980

Age- and sex-related reference ranges for eight plasma constituents derived from randomly selected adults in a Scottish new town.

The results of analysis of blood specimens from randomly selected adults aged 19-88 years in the new town of Cumbernauld were used to establish age- and sex-related reference ranges by the centile method (central 95%) for plasma calcium, phosphate, total protein, albumin, globulins, urea, creatinine, and urate. The possible existence of a subpopulation with a higher reference range for urea is mooted.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Frequency distribution and 'reference values' of plasma alkaline phosphatase (EC 3.1.3.1) activity in the adult population of a Scottish new town.

As part of a study to establish the prevalence of renal calculus disease, alkaline phosphatase activity was measured by the method recommended by the Scandinavian Society for Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Physiology in the plasma of 3823 adults from the Scottish new town of Cumbernauld. The enzyme activity differs in males and females and increases with age. Reference ranges are presented.

Adult↗
PubMed1967

Rgulation of intestinal alkaline phosphatase levels in the rat. Role of the adrenal cortex.

Bilateral adrenalectomy produces a reduction in the alkaline phosphatase concentration in rat intestine, which is not prevented by the administration of saline, but is prevented by the administration of cortisone. The administration of A.C.T.H. to normal rats leads to a rise in intestinal alkaline phosphatase levels associated with a small increase in the weight of the adrenals, while the administration of hydrocortisone produces large increases in the enzyme, even with doses which cause significant hypoplasia of the adrenal glands. The significance of these findings in relation to mechanisms of fat absorption and the treatment of steatorrhoea is discussed.

Adrenal Glands↗