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Biomedical subjects

M D Kniazev

Publications and source records attributed to M D Kniazev.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

[Surgery of extracranial aneurysms of the carotid and vertebral arteries].

An analysis of the literature and personal observations of 27 patients with extracranial aneurysms of the arteries enabled the authors to determine clinical symptoms, methods of diagnosis and surgical treatment of the disease. Resection of the aneurysm with suturing the artery defect is recommended as optimal techniques of the operation for posttraumatic aneurysms, resection with the end-to-end anastomosis being proposed for a true aneurysm of the aorta arch branches.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Changes in heart rhythm and conduction during surgical treatment of ischemic heart disease].

The effect of coronary flow recovery and/or aneurism resection on the pattern of conductivity disorders was examined in 76, and that of excitability disorders, in 35 patients. Aortal-coronary shunting eliminated ventricular extrasystole in 13 of 17 patients, normalized conductive function in all 12 patients with transitory block of the His bundle's anterior left branch, while their general clinical condition improved. Functional conductivity and excitability disorders due to scarry myocardial changes persisted in spite of revascularization procedure. Following aneurism resection, cardiac rhythm returned to normal in 5 of the 7 patients with ventricular extrasystole, while in 2 patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation paroxysms disappeared, a fact attributable to the removal of ectopic excitement focus and improved intracardiac hemodynamics. In all cases, conductivity and excitability improvement and normalization occurred during the early postoperative period and were maintained for long terms (up to ten years).

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Effectiveness of patient rehabilitation after aortocoronary shunting].

Observations of 234 patients after aorto-coronary shunting performed at the All-Union Surgical Center, Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR led to conclusion that sanatorium rehabilitation treatment after the operation leads to increased tolerance to exercise: up to 80-100 W it was enhanced in 171 patients (71%) of the main group and only in 63 (21%) in the control group. In the main group 68% of patients returned to work and only 45% in the control group. These data point to the efficacy of the sanatorium rehabilitation after aorto-coronary shunting.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[Evaluation of the adequacy of myocardial protection during aortocoronary shunting by electron microscopy data on intraoperative heart biopsies].

To evaluate the efficacy of combined cold and pharmacological protection of the myocardium in aortocoronary shunting, study of myocardial ultrastructure with quantitative stereological analysis of the mitochondria was conducted in 56 puncture biopsies; the material was collected in 28 patients with chronic ischemic heart disease before the aorta was clamped and after the clamp was removed. The period of anoxia did not exceed 68 minutes. The absence of irreparable morphological changes in the cardiomyocytes correlated with the character of restoration of cardiac activity and function after the operation, which allowed the conclusion that this is an effective method for protecting the myocardium of patients with chronic ischemic heart disease from anoxia during 68 minutes of cardioplegia.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[Secondary hemorrhages after an operation on the major arteries].

On the basis of observations of 50 patients the authors make a conclusion that the tretment of secondary arterial hemorrhages should be solely surgical (ligation of vessels in the wound, vascular suture or plasty of the defect), while tamponage the wound depending on severity of the patient's state and technical problems is considered to be a stop-gap measure to stop the external hemorrhage.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

[Ultrastructure of the contractile myocardium in chronic ischemic heart disease].

The ultrastructure of the contractile myocardium of the left ventricle of the heart in chronic ischemic heart disease was studied in 24 puncture myocardial biopsies. Marked dystrophic changes were revealed in the cell organelles, both in the membrane systems and in the myofibrillary apparatus, which the authors believe were caused by long-term increasing ischemia of the organ. Besides dystrophy, signs of intracellular regeneration were found in some myocytes. These signs were the presence of euchromatin in the nuclei of the myocytes, and increase in the amount of RNA granules and granular sarcoplasmic reticulum in the sarcoplasm. The prevalence of dystrophic changes on the level of the myocyte ultrastructure may be among the causes of cardiac insufficiency in patients with chronic ischemic heart disease.

Adult↗