Biomedical subjects

M Díaz Marsá

Publications and source records attributed to M Díaz Marsá.

5 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2000

[Role of personality in eating behavior disorders].

Personality disorders are common in eating disorders and preliminary reports indicate that this type of disorders implicate a poor prognosis in anorexia and bulimia nervosa. Cluster C personality disorders, particularly avoidant and dependent personality disorder are the most frequent in anorexia nervosa. In bulimia nervosa, however, cluster B personality disorders, including borderline and histrionic personality disorders, are more frequent. Furthermore, temperament could differentiate anorectic patients from bulimic patients. Eating disorders seem to be associated with high scores in neuroticism and harm avoidance. However, while anorexia nervosa patients might have higher persistence, bulimia nervosa patients seem to have an impulsive temperament. According to the character model of Cloninger, both anorexia and bulimia present lower scores in the dimension self-directedness.

Anorexia Nervosa↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Organic personality disorder as a form of presentation of Huntington's disease].

The psychiatric manifestations of certain neurological diseases frequently are unfamiliar to psychiatrists, which often makes it difficult to select the appropriate therapeutic approach. The clinical case presented exemplifies a case of Huntington disease (HD) which debut with insidious psychiatric symptoms. The most frequent psychiatric presentations in HD are affective and psychotic; however, our case would be better defined as organic personality disorder. This diagnosis in the context of HD is uncommon in the literature.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Late onset schizophrenias: a case of chronic hallucinatory psychosis].

The present case report is an example of a Chronic Hallucinatory Psychosis described by Ballet. Since this syndrome is excluded on the operational diagnostic manuals we would like to emphasize its discussion and possible inclussión on the group of late-onset schizophrenias.

Age of Onset↗

PubMedDate not supplied

["Nervous breakdown": a diagnostic characterization study].

An evaluation was made of the influence of different psychiatric co-morbidities on the symptoms of the disorder popularly known as "ataque de nervios" (nervous breakdown) among the US Hispanic population. Using a self-completed instrument designed specially for both traditional nervous breakdown and for panic symptoms, and structured or semi-structured psychiatric interviews for Axis I disorders, and evaluation was made of Hispanic subjects who sought treatment for anxiety in a clinic (n = 156). This study centered on 102 subjects who presented symptoms of "nervous breakdown" and comorbidity with panic disorder, other anxiety disorders, or affective disorder. Variations in co-morbidity with "nervous breakdown" enabled the identification of different patterns of "nervous breakdown" presenting symptoms. Individuals with "nervous breakdown" and panic disorder characteristically expressed a greater sense of asphyxiation, fear of dying, and growing fear (panic-like) during their breakdowns. Subjects with "nervous breakdown" and affective disorder had a greater sensation of anger and more tendency toward screaming and aggressive behavior such as breaking things during the breakdown (emotional anger). Finally, subjects with "nervous breakdown" and co-morbidity with another anxiety disorder had fewer "paniclike" or "emotional anger" symptoms. These findings suggest that: a) the widely used term "nervous breakdown" is a popular label for different patterns of loss of emotional control; b) the type of loss of emotional control is influenced by the associated psychiatric disorder; and c) the symptoms characteristics of the "nervous breakdown" can be useful clinical markers for associated psychiatric disorders. Future research is needed to determine whether the known Hispanic entity "ataque de nervios" is simply a popular description for different aspects of well-known psychiatric disorders, or if it reflects specific demographic, environmental, personality and/or clinical characteristics of the population.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[A study of personality in eating disorders].

UNLABELLED: Some evidence suggests that temperament and personality traits could influence the development and severity of eating disorders. This study was designed to study these aspects. METHODS: 72 patients with DSM-IV eating disorders including 25 anorexia nervosa restricting type, 17 with anorexia nervosa binge eating-purging type and 30 with bulimia nervosa were studied and compared with thirty healthy controls. Personality disorders and temperament were studied with the Eysenck's EPQ, Cloninger's TCI and SCID-II. Impulsive and clinical features were studied with specific rating scales. RESULTS: 61.8% of patients had at least one personality disorder. Avoidant personality disorder was the most commonly diagnosed in anorexia restricting type (25%). Borderline personality disorder was the most frequent in bulimia nervosa and in the binge eating-purging type of anorexia nervosa. Dimensionally, the group of eating disorders presented high scores in neuroticism and low scores in self-directedness. Higher harm avoidance was found in bulimic patients and higher persistence was associated with anorectic patients. Bulimic patients were significantly more impulsive than anorectic and controls. CONCLUSIONS: Temperament and personality traits differ in anorectic and bulimic patients. Bulimic symptoms are linked to impulsive temperament traits and to impulsive personality features. Anorectic symptoms are linked to persistent temperament traits and anxious personality features.

Adult↗