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Biomedical subjects

M Danz

Publications and source records attributed to M Danz.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

The modification of rat liver regeneration by carcinogens and its reflection by extrahepatic tissues.

Liver regeneration is distinctly influenced by the treatment of male Sprague-Dawley rats with 2-acetylaminofluorene or N-methyl-N-nitrosourea on three successive days immediately prior to partial hepatectomy. The latter compound modulates the restorative liver growth, whereas it is strongly inhibited by the hepato-carcinogen 2-acetylaminofluorene. According to their influence on the regenerating liver, both carcinogens delay the post-operative decrease as well as the recovery of the physiological cell renewal in the jejunal and esophageal epithelium. Beside this, the circadian mitotic fluctuation of the esophagus is also altered by the carcinogens after partial hepatectomy like that of the regenerating liver. In contrast to the behaviour of the jejunum and the esophagus, the adrenocortical cell division is temporally elevated by the growth stimulus after partial hepatectomy. This effect is also found after carcinogen pretreatment only. For that reason one can assume that carcinogens produce a growth stimulating response like partial hepatectomy, which is displayed by an increased cell replication in the adrenal cortex. Possibly this phenomenon reflects common systemic mechanisms which indicate the promotory action of partial hepatectomy and chemical promotors as well as that of carcinogens.

2-Acetylaminofluorene↗
PubMed1979

Stimulation of thymocytes in vitro by serum of 2-acetylaminofluorene (AAF)-treated rats.

The serum of rats obtained at various time intervals after administration of AAF was tested for its action on the 3H-thymidine incorporation into the DNA of thymocytes in vitro. In comparison with untreated or solvent-treated controls, the sera of animals in the early phase after the AAF-treatment stimulate the incorporation of the nucleotide into the thymocytes of rats, mice and hamsters. This reaction shows an unequivocal dose-response relationship. The serum activity is dialysable and relatively thermostable. Spleen lymphocytes and peritoneal cells of rats are insensitve to the AAF-serum. A possible relationship between growth-stimulating serum activities in liver regeneration and in early carcinogen action is discussed.

2-Acetylaminofluorene↗
PubMed1978

Growth stimulation following serum transfer from carcinogen-treated donors to normal rats: a new aspect of early carcinogen actions.

Especially in their early phase of action carcinogens are strong inhibitors of cell proliferation. This is an apparent contradiction to the promoting activity of oncogens in the process of carcinogenesis. Because of obvious similarities between restorative and neoplastic growth processess on the tissue level we have studied the possibility, whether such similarities do exist also with regard to stimulatory activities in the serum. To overcome the non-specific inhibitory effect of a carcinogen, the serum of 2-acetylaminofluorene (AAF) treated male Sprague-Dawley rats was transferred to normal recipients. The results demonstrate that the proliferation of the same tissues (hepatocytes, adrenocortical cells, thymocytes) as in liver regenerating animals were stimulated by the serum of the carcinogen-treated rats. Whether the observed short-term effect corresponds to the so-called promoting activity of the carcinogen(s) is discussed. Nature and origin of the humoral stimulator(s) are still unknown.

2-Acetylaminofluorene↗
PubMed1978

A possible short-term prediction of potential carcinogenicity of chemical compounds in vivo by means of a promoting activity test (PAT).

Carcinogens of chemically unrelated structure and different organotropism cause a mitotic stimulation of adrenocortical epithelia in vivo. A similar response is observed in liver regenerating rats following partial hepatectomy or intoxication by carbon tetrachloride. It is very probable from these and other results that the short-term effect (48 hours p. applic.) is brought about by the emergence of humoral growth stimulators which are evidenced in restorative regeneration and, therefore, accounts for the promoting activity of carcinogens. Special problems resulting from false positive (indomethacin, sodium nitrite) and false negative (7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene, ethionine) findings as well as such of the role of solvents are discussed. The proof of the "contradictory" test result by long-term treatment in the case of trinitroso-trimethylene-triamine, nitroso-ethyltert-butylamine or nitroso-diallylamine has shown the accuracy of this short-term test.

Adrenal Cortex↗
PubMed1978

N,N-diethyl-4-aminoazobenzene (DEAB): acute actions with respect to possible carcinogenicity as well as the role of solvents. Morphological and pharmacological investigations.

The acute action of the azo dye DEAB was investigated in Sprague-Dawley (SD) and Wistar (Wi) rats. The substance was dissolved both in DMSO and sunflower oil and was administered once by stomach tube. Cytochrome P-450-DEPENDENT N-demethylation of ethylmorphine and dimethylnitrosamine are differentially altered depending on the solvent used. The excretion of DEAB as well as of N,N-dimethyl-4-amino-azobenzene (DAB) is delayed and diminished if the substances are dissolved in DMSO. Beside these effects the mitotic number in the adrenal cortex is significantly elevated in both strains of rats. But, in SD rats only DMSO-solution of DEAB is effective. In Wi rats both are effective, the oily solution more than that in DMSO. In this respect DEAB resembles DAB and various other carcinogens which are efficient in stimulating adrenocortical cell division. Considering the positive short-term assay after three other substances which revealed carcinogenic properties in long-term experiments we conclude that also DEAB may be carcinogenic in adequate long-term examination.

5-Aminolevulinate Synthetase↗
PubMed1978

Morphometric investigations on endocrine glands. IV. The rat thyroid during liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy with and without application of carcinogenic substances.

Morphometric studies and counting of mitoses in thyroids during regeneration after partial hepatectomy had the following results: 1. During the first days after surgical operation laparotomy caused only a slight reduction of the thyroid function. 2. Up to the 3rd day and especially on the 10th day after partial hepatectomy there is a higher relative percentage of the epithelium in the thyroid, but the mitoses are diminished. 3. Prefeeding with methylnitrosourea and acetylaminofluorene before the surgical 2/3 removal of the liver was answered with subactive thyroids on the 3rd day.

2-Acetylaminofluorene↗
PubMed1977

Prevention of 2-acetylaminofluorene-induced extrahepatic short-term effects by 3-methylcholanthrene.

It is well known that simultaneous application of polycyclic carcinogenic hydrocarbons, especially 3-methylcholanthrene (MC) inhibits or prevents tumorigenesis induced by carcinogenic aromatic amines or azo dyes. Short-term tests showed a mitogenic effect upon adrenal cortex 48 hours following a single dose of 2-acetylaminofluorene (AAF) among other carcinogenic substances. 6 mg/kg body weight given simultaneously prevent the proliferative response of the adrenals by AAF (60 mg/kg b.w.) in male Sprague-Dawley rats. These different effects can be assumed to depend on the production of carcinogenic derivatives or their non-production. Therefore, the positive adrenal reaction by other substances tested is probably also provoked by carcinogenic compounds. The lack of responsiveness by MC may reflect a fundamental change of AAF metabolism. The mode of action is unknown. Possible explanations are discussed.

2-Acetylaminofluorene↗
PubMed1977

The action of a single toxic dose of 2-acetylaminofluorene or allylic alcohol on the adrenals. II. Effect on adrenal cyclic 3',5'-adenosine monophosphate concentration during the 1st and 2nd day.

In the adrenals of male Sprague-Dawley rats the concentration of cyclic 3',5'-adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) was studied 5, 10, 14, 24, 30 and 39 hours after single intoxication by 2-acetylaminofluorene (AAF) or allylic alcohol (ALL). Beside diurnal changes a transient elevation of adrenal cAMP concentration occurred when compared with the controls 10 hours after intoxication. Thereafter, up to the 30th hour of investigation the values of the experimental groups as well as those of the control groups were within the same range. In the final stage of the experiment (30-39 hours after application) ALL intoxication was associated with a significant increase in adrenal cAMP concentration whereas it was reduced to subnormal level following AAF intoxication. In an earlier experimental study (Danz et al. 1976) we found inverse behaviour of the proliferative activity in the adrenal cortex: cell division was intensified by AAF whereas ALL was ineffective. These results indicate that division growth and functional activities are alternating conditions also in the adrenals. The possible causes of the different effects of intoxication by carcinogens or by noncarcinogenic substances are discussed.

2-Acetylaminofluorene↗
PubMed1976

The action of a single toxic dose of 2-acetylaminofluorene or allylic alcohol on the adrenals. I. Behaviour of organ weight and mitotic activity of the adrenocortical cells.

In male Sprague-Dawley rats the relative organ weight and mitotic activity of the adrenal cortex were investigated after intoxication by a single dose of 200 mg/kg b.w. of 2-acetylaminofluorene (AAF) or 20 mg/kg b.w. of allylic alcohol (ALL). 36, 42, 48 and 72 hours after application a significant enhancement of the mitotic rate of the adrenocortical cells was produced by AAF in comparison with that following ALL administration. Interrelations of organ weight and proliferative activity could not be found.

1-Propanol↗
PubMed1976

[Tumorigenicity of TTT dissolved in DMSO (author's transl)].

In short-term experiments TTT (trinitroso-trimethylene-triamine) dissolved in DMSO (dimethylsulfoxide) caused, when orally or intraperitoneally applied, a significant enhancement of the mitotic rate in the adrenal cortex. By long-term studies the carcinogenic action of TTT in DMSO was demonstrated. In female Wistar rats a 100% liver tumor yield was observed following chronic application. After 362 days of treatment cholangiomas had developed, hepatomas and liver carcinomas occurred after 470 days of administration of TTT dissolved in DMSO.

Adenoma, Bile Duct↗
PubMed1975

Quantitative autoradiographic studies on the competition of diethylnitrosamine (DENA) and 9,10-dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene (DMBA) in the liver cell of CBA-mice.

In CBA-mice the competition of DENA and DMBA was studied by quantitative autoradiography. During the precancerous phase in DENA-pretreated animals the rate of DMBA-incorporation into DNA/RNA and nuclear proteins was lower as compared to the controls without DENA-pretreatment. Independent of DENA-pretreatment the rate of DMBA-incorporation into the cytoplasm was significantly enhanced in hepatectomized animals. In this experiment the skin as a target organ did not show any quantitatively measurable DMBA-incorporation despite of prolonged autoradiographic exposition time.

9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene↗
PubMed1975

The proliferative activity of the adrenal cortex as influenced by carcinogenic and noncarcinogenic substances.

A single oral toxic dose of carcinogens (N-nitrosomorpholine, aflatoxin B1, N--methyl-N-nitrosourea, urethan) causes a significant increase of the mitotic rate in the adrenal cortex 48 hours after application. Both, the control animals (water via stomach tube) and the animals treated with acetylsalicylic acid, arsenic, phenol and actinomycin D do not produce this effect. These findings confirm our previous results obtained by administration of acetylaminofluorene, diethylnitrosamine, dimethylnitrosamine and trinitroso-trimethylen-triamine. It is possible that the increased mitotic activity of the adrenal cortex is correlated with the substances applied.

Adrenal Cortex↗