PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

M Datiles

Publications and source records attributed to M Datiles.

17 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1998

Late effects in long-term survivors of high-grade non-Hodgkin's lymphomas.

PURPOSE: To evaluate long-term survivors of high-grade non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHLs) for late effects and to attempt to assess the relative contributions of the primary treatment modalities to these late effects. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Of 103 young survivors followed up for 1 to 20 years, 74 patients were interviewed and underwent various investigations, and an additional 12 patients were interviewed only. Of the 86 patients, 65 had previously suffered from small non-cleaved-cell lymphoma, 16 from lymphoblastic lymphoma, and five from large-cell lymphoma. RESULTS: Left ventricular dysfunction was identified in eight of 57 (14.0%) patients who had received doxorubicin (DOX) in doses greater than 200 mg/m2, of whom four were symptomatic and four were asymptomatic. A ninth patient required a pacemaker. Of the 86 patients, 23 (26.7%) reported pregnancies, 18 of whom had 30 children. Two of the 86 (2.3%) patients developed second cancers. Other major late effects included posttransfusion viral hepatitis, eight patients; CNS toxicity, two patients; endocrine impairment, 14 patients; vitamin B12 deficiency, two patients; esophageal stricture, one patient; urinary tract problems, two patients; and musculoskeletal defects, three patients. Major late effects occurred in 11 of 21 (52.4%) patients who had received radiation as well as chemotherapy, eight of 22 (36.4%) patients who had surgical resections as well as chemotherapy, and 17 of 74 (23.0%) patients who had received chemotherapy alone. CONCLUSION: The predominant major late effects observed were late cardiac toxicity related to DOX therapy and hepatitis C virus infection that presumably resulted from blood product transfusions administered before the introduction of screening for the hepatitis C virus. Fertility was not greatly impaired, and second malignancies were uncommon. No patient had clinically significant impairment of growth. Radiation appeared to increase the likelihood of late effects.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Quantitative analysis of retroillumination images.

We have developed a semi-automated image processing system for analysis and evaluation of retroillumination images. This paper describes methods used to compensate for illumination variations in the images, separation of data into cataractous and non-cataractous portions, how quantitative measurements are made and how they assess the pathological condition. In addition to the traditional area measurement, this system computes the net integral of density and several measurements involving the location of the opacity in relation to the pupillary margin. The computer measures of area, integral of density, area centrality, weighted area, density centrality and weighted density provide more data than previously described systems. Data produced by this interactive and automated system can be used in studies of posterior subcapsular and cortical cataracts, and to study the effect of these opacities on vision.

Cataract↗
PubMed1993

Effects of bright light on mood in normal elderly women.

Reduced light appears to be a key factor in seasonal affective disorder (SAD). This study asks whether the reduced levels of light experienced by elderly persons might result in depression and other SAD symptoms, and how normal elderly persons might respond to bright light interventions similar to those used to treat SAD. In interviews with 140 senior citizens, we found virtually no seasonal variation in mood and behavior and very little depressed affect. Seventeen of these seniors who had good mental and physical health, with no major eye problems, participated in a crossover study of the effects of bright light on both positive and negative affect and sleep. Although sleep did not appear to be affected, the bright light intervention tended to make these normal elderly persons feel worse--more irritable, anxious, and agitated. These findings confirm earlier reports that bright light is not beneficial for normal individuals who are unaffected by seasonal changes.

Affect↗
PubMed1993

Development of a Scheimpflug slit lamp camera system for quantitative densitometric analysis.

We have developed a computerised video system for accurate quantification of lens opacities from Scheimpflug images. Using a modified Zeiss Scheimpflug camera and Macintosh computer, the system software can warn of improper exposure and can provide immediate results of cataract progression on individual patients. These results are obtained from a novel technique which automatically divides the lens into anatomical regions and computes regional densities in the standard optical density unit. Because of the system's speed, the operator can properly capture and analyse a cataract in seconds, compare results with past patient records and give feedback to the patient on the results of the analysis. The system provides the appropriate data integrity and formats for documenting and monitoring lens opacities. Such a system will be useful in longitudinal studies of cataracts (i.e. for natural history and anti-cataract drug trials).

Cataract↗
PubMed1990

Association of hereditary cataracts in strain 13/N guinea-pigs with mutation of the gene for zeta-crystallin.

Congenital nuclear cataracts transmitted by an autosomal dominant gene are present in a line of strain 13/N guinea-pigs. Studies on the lens proteins from these animals demonstrate changes in both the composition and structure of the crystallins relative to normal controls. The most prominent difference is in the zeta-crystallin, a taxon-specific crystallin which has been shown to be related to the alcohol dehydrogenases. In animals homozygous for the cataract phenotype the normal zeta-crystallin polypeptide is absent from the lens. Quantitation is difficult in the cataractous lenses from heterozygotes because of protein changes secondary to opacification: however in liver and kidney which have catalytic levels of the protein, the concentrations are approximately half that present in tissue from normal control animals. These findings suggest that in the cataractous animals a mutation has occurred in the gene for zeta-crystallin. In addition, a novel protein which is very similar to zeta-crystallin is synthesized only in the lenses of animals with cataract. This protein appears to be the product of the mutant gene for zeta-crystallin. These data support the hypothesis that this hereditary congenital cataract results from a specific mutation in the zeta-crystallin gene.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Reproducibility of the Early Cataract Detector (Kowa ECD 2000).

We conducted a reproducibility study on the Kowa Early Cataract Detector, a laser light scattering spectroscope that determines the diameter of particles within the lens and designed to quantify changes in particle size in early cataracts. We found good reproducibility in the nuclear region (where changes are homogeneous), but found poor reproducibility in the cortical region (where changes are heterogeneous). We advise careful evaluation of other similar devices before extensive use.

Cataract↗
PubMed1984

Cystoid macular edema in pseudophakia.

Cystoid macular edema after cataract surgery, with or without intraocular lens implantation, has been reported to develop in more than 50% of patients as detected by fluorescein angiography. It is associated with reduced visual acuity in up to 8% of cases. Analysis of ongoing clinical trials at the Wilmer Institute indicates that clinically significant cystoid macular edema develops in a lower percentage of cases (2% total incidence and 0.3% persistent cystoid macular edema) if the intraocular lens implantation was uncomplicated. The factors associated with cystoid macular edema and the importance of considering clinically significant rather than just fluorescein-proven cystoid macular edema are discussed. Results of intraocular lens studies reported to the Federal Drug Administration are updated, and results of an ongoing study of prostaglandin inhibitors at the Wilmer Institute are reported.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

Posterior chamber intraocular lenses at the Wilmer Institute: a comparative analysis of complications and visual results.

Intraocular lens (IOL) implantation is now accepted as the most effective means of aphakic correction in selected patients undergoing cataract surgery. In terms of final rehabilitation, however, complications such as corneal oedema, retinal detachment, and cystoid macular oedema remain problematic. Results of prospective concurrent trials of IOL implantation performed at the Wilmer Institute are presented, with particular reference to the posterior chamber intraocular lens and with specific emphasis on postoperative complications.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

The contralateral eye in the iridocorneal endothelial (ICE) syndrome.

Examination of six cases of iridocorneal endothelial (ICE) syndrome revealed that all the patients had subclinical abnormalities in the fellow eye. Of the six, four patients had iris transillumination, four patients had significantly decreased outflow facility but without elevation of intraocular pressure, and all patients had corneal endothelial changes as noted by specular microscopy. The asymmetric rather than unilateral involvement and the similar histopathology to posterior polymorphous dystrophy suggested that these two diseases may share a common pathogenesis. The occurrence of features of Rieger's syndrome and Axenfeld's anomaly in association with posterior polymorphous dystrophy suggested the hypothesis that all these diseases may be characterized by abnormalities of tissues derived from neural crest cells. A unifying hypothesis is presented to explain this group of diseases involving the endothelial cells lining the anterior chamber, namely corneal and trabecular meshwork endothelium, anterior iris stroma and iris melanophores.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Transplantation antigens and keratoplasty.

Allograft rejection is one of the leading causes of corneal graft failure in man when the cornea is heavily vascularised. This paper reports the feasibility and possible benefits of using histocompatibility (HLA) antigen crossmatch testing and HLA-D locus antigen matching for corneal donor selection. Double-masked clinical trials designed to determine the value of these procedures for keratoplasty are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Reversal of galactose cataract with Sorbinil in rats.

Sorbinil, a potent aldose reductase inhibitor, can effectively block the progression of a galactose cataract even though the cataractous process is well underway. The prevention of dulcitol accumulation by Sorbinil is just as effective in reversing the cataract as the removal of galactose from the diet. The progression and reversal of the cataract were followed by ophthalmoscopy and histology. The results also further support the concept that in galactosemia the cataract is not caused by the toxic effects of galactose per se but by the consequence of the aldose reductase reaction.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Galactose cataract prevention with sorbinil, an aldose reductase inhibitor: a light microscopic study.

Cataract formation in galactosemic rats was studied by ophthalmoscopy, slit-lamp biomicroscopy, and by light microscopy using plastic embedding with methacrylate. Untreated rats developed nuclear cataracts by 14 days and mature cataracts by 21 days. However, rats treated with the aldose reductase inhibitor sorbinil did not develop any cataractous change for up to 8 months of 50% galactose feeding and could not be distinguished from normal controls. This strongly suggests that aldose reductase is the common factor involved in the formation of sugar cataracts.

Aldehyde Reductase↗
PubMed1979

Sunlight and human cataracts.

Studies of the cataractous lenses of humans in three different geographic locations indicate that where the ultraviolet components of sunlight are more intense, dark brown cataracts result at a higher frequency than in locations where they are weak. Individuals exposed to sunlight regularly by virtue of their outdoor occupations seemed to develop this dark brown type of cataract much more frequently than those who work indoors. The biochemical characteristics of all brunescent cataracts were found to be very similar, whether derived from individuals exposed to high or low levels of sunlight. These findings support the idea that exposure to sunlight specifically enhances brunescent cataract development in humans.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Prednisone and piroxicam for treatment of primary Sjögren's syndrome.

Primary Sjögren's syndrome is a systemic autoimmune exocrinopathy characterized by a lymphoplasmacytic infiltrate and destruction of salivary and lacrimal glandular tissues. There is no widely accepted or effective systemic therapy for this disorder. The purpose of this 6-month randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study was to examine the effects of prednisone (30 mg, alternate days), piroxicam (20 mg, daily), or placebo on the salivary, lacrimal and immunologic alterations of primary Sjögren's syndrome. Eight patients were enrolled in each group. Salivary and lacrimal function were assessed at entry and at the completion of treatment. Labial minor salivary gland tissue was obtained at these times and examined for intensity of infiltration (focus scores) and for the relative proportion of glandular elements. Serologic and subjective evaluations were done as well, and patients were monitored for therapy-related side effects. Neither active treatment led to significant improvement in salivary or lacrimal function, although prednisone improved salivary flow in selected patients and was associated with positive subjective responses. Prednisone also significantly decreased the serum total protein, IgG, IgA, and sedimentation rate and increased the white cell count. There were no significant alterations in either focus scores or the percentage of glandular component tissues of minor glands with either active treatment. This study demonstrated that 6 months of prednisone or piroxicam at the doses utilized failed to improve the histological or functional parameters of salivary and lacrimal glands in primary Sjögren's syndrome.

Adult↗