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Biomedical subjects

M De Paepe

Publications and source records attributed to M De Paepe.

8 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Prevention of adoptive transfer in BB rats by prophylactic insulin treatment.

Prophylactic insulin can prevent diabetes in the BB rat. We evaluated its use to prevent adoptive transfer of diabetes by activated splenocytes. ConA-activated spleen cells from acutely diabetic BB rats were divided into two equal aliquots and injected intravenously in paired diabetes-prone BB rat littermates. At the time of cell injection, subcutaneous insulin injections (15 U.kg-1.day-1) were started in one of each pair (n = 21) of littermates, and the control littermates (n = 21) were injected with saline. The incidence of diabetes, observed 35 days after cell injection, was 95% in control rats compared with 29% in insulin-treated rats (P less than 0.05). To confirm the absence of diabetes, insulin was stopped in all nondiabetic insulin-treated rats at 63 days of age. An OGTT was performed at 65 days of age: 4 rats were glucose intolerant. All rats received comparable numbers of ConA-activated splenocytes. At the time the rats were killed, 3 insulin-treated rats had a completely normal morphology and a normal glucose tolerance. All control rats had insulitis whether they were diabetic or not. No significant difference in any mononuclear subset was observed in relation to insulin treatment. We conclude that prophylactic insulin can prevent adoptive transfer of diabetes in the BB rat without inducing changes in the mononuclear cell subsets.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Diagnostic criteria of analgesic nephropathy in patients with end-stage renal failure: results of the Belgian study.

Diagnostic criteria of analgesic nephropathy with well-defined sensitivity and specificity are not available. During a 2-year period all new patients (n = 273) starting renal replacement therapy in 13 Belgian dialysis units were investigated aiming to select diagnostic criteria of analgesic nephropathy with acceptable performance. Using several interview techniques, a history of analgesic abuse was found in 31% of the patients. Analgesic abusers presenting a clear non-analgesic-related renal diagnosis were excluded from analysis (n = 25). Comparing the remaining abusers (n = 60) and patients without a history of analgesic abuse (n = 188) it was found that renal imaging investigations (sonography plus tomography), showing a decrease in length combined with bumpy contours of both kidneys, presented a sensitivity of 90% and a specificity of 95%. The additional finding of signs of renal papillary necrosis resulted in an overall sensitivity of 72% and a specificity of 97%, giving a positive predictive value of 92%. Other signs frequently mentioned in the literature (hypertension, anaemia, sterile pyuria, bacteriuria, proteinuria) showed insufficient sensitivity and/or specificity to be of help for diagnosing analgesic nephropathy in end-stage renal failure (ESRF) patients starting renal replacement therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Measurement of peritoneal lymph flow in CAPD using different osmotic agents.

No differences in lymphatic absorption ratio were observed using different osmotic agents (Glucose, Amino acid, glycorol). The differences in UF rate and intraperitoneal volumes during dialysis with these osmotic agents are soley dependent on the interactions between the osmotic agents (nature, strength) and the peritoneal membrane.

Absorption↗
PubMed1989

[A study of the causes of staghorn calculi].

A thorough metabolic evaluation of all staghorn stone patients seems justified, considering the results obtained by the study of 27 such cases. Pak's ambulatory screening test, slightly modified, was used. This allowed the finding of a hypercalciuria in more than 50% of the cases, a hyperuricosuria in 63% of the cases and a hyperoxaluria in one case out of five. A metabolic anomaly was not detected in two patients. Although urinary tract infection, present in 75% of the cases is essential to the genesis of a staghorn stone, the question raises whether metabolic anomalies are not the primary cause of the stone formation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Comparison of different volume markers in peritoneal dialysis.

Four peritoneal volume markers (carbon 14-labeled dextran, dextran blue, radioactive albumin, and hemoglobin) were compared. In six rabbits 14C-dextran was compared with dextran blue during a 4-hour "dwell" with a 4.25% dextrose solution. The recovery of 14C-dextran at the end of the dwell was 71% +/- 3% vs. 92% +/- 1% for dextran blue (P less than 0.001). In six other rabbits, radioactive albumin (RISA) was compared with dextran blue. The recovery of RISA was 78% +/- 4%, compared with 85% +/- 2% for dextran blue (P less than 0.05). The calculated peritoneal volumes, uncorrected for disappearance of the markers, were consistently higher than when correction was made. After correction, the calculated end volumes were similar to actually measured end volumes. In six patients with chronic ambulatory peritoneal dialysis, the intraperitoneal volume during a single dwell of 6 hours was estimated in paired observations with lactated Ringer's solution and 1.5% dextrose dialysate, using simultaneously autologous hemoglobin and RISA. In eight additional patients, a single dwell with 4.25% dextrose dialysate was studied. The recoveries of both markers were related to the osmotic strength of the dialysate. Recoveries were 66.7% +/- 2.3% and 69.6% +/- 0.9% in lactated Ringer's solution, and increased to 81% +/- 3% and 82% +/- 2% in 4.25% dextrose for hemoglobin and RISA, respectively. With each dialysate, after correction for disappearance of the marker, no differences in volume profiles or between calculated or measured end volumes could be found with either hemoglobin or RISA.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Influences of stress, age and sex on serum growth hormone and free fatty acid levels in cattle.

The serum growth hormone (BGH) and free fatty acid (FFA) concentrations of large groups of calves (male and female ranging in age from 8 to 14 days and from 3 to 6 months old), bulls, oxen, heifers and cows under normal conditions were compared with the serum BGH and FFA values of corresponding large groups of animals under stress conditions. Stress was caused by transport, as it routinely occurs, and was further reinforced by a stay of several hours in unfamiliar surroundings. Stress provokes a significant increase in serum FFA in all groups and induced a significant decrease in serum BGH in all groups, with the exception of the non-pregnant heifers. The male and female calves which were 8 to 14 days old, had significantly higher BGH levels than the older animals. The female calves from 3 to 6 months of age, and the heifers had significantly lower BGH levels than the cows. The males had higher serum BGH values than the females, but a significant difference could be demonstrated only between the male and female calves of both age-groups. The oxen, which were 1 to 3 years old, had significantly higher BGH levels than the non-pregnant heifers of the same age. It appeared that gestation had no influence on the serum BGH and FFA levels of both heifers and cows.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1975

Influence of serum free fatty acid levels on growth hormone secretion in lactating cows.

The influence of intravenous injections or infusions of insulin (0-2 i.u./kg), propranolol (150 mg), 3,5-dimethylpyrazole (3 mg/kg), 3,5-dimethylisoxazole (0-08 mg/kg), glucose (0-5 g/kg), nicotinic acid (120 mg/kg), arginine (0-5 g/kg) or butyrate (0-5 mmol/kg) on plasma glucose levels, and on serum concentrations of growth hormone and free fatty acids of lactating cows was investigated. In all of these experiments we noted an increase in the level of growth hormone. This increase was not a direct consequence of alterations in the glucose concentration, since the growth hormone peak occurred both during a decrease (insulin, 3,5-dimethylisoxazole, nicotinic acid and butyrate tests), and during an increase of the glucose level (glucose, arginine and propranolol tests), whereas the glucose concentration remained unchanged during the 3,5-dimethylpyrazole experiments. However, in each instance a precipitous fall of the free fatty acid level was noted. The glucose, growth hormone, and free fatty acid levels of lactating cows were not affected by either i.v. injection or infusion of saline.

Animals↗