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M Desseilles

Publications and source records attributed to M Desseilles.

9 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

[One-year follow-up and mobility assessment of schizophrenic patients in the Liege psychiatric care network].

OBJECTIVE: The study was aimed at assessing the clinical evolution and mobility of schizophrenic patients within the healthcare network of the Psychiatric Platform of Liege (Belgium) after a one-year follow-up period. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study material consisted of a random sample of 184 patients with schizophrenia drawn from the population of schizophrenic patients treated in the Liege psychiatric care network. The characteristics of these patients have been described previously (18). The 184 patients were followed-up for one-year and reassessed at the end of this period. Mobility (ie, changes between psychiatric care institutions, including home) was recorded for each patient within the institutional network. The diagnosis of schizophrenia was based on the DSM IV. Demographic, social and global functioning (GAF scale) data were collected from the "Résumé psychiatrique Minimum (RPM)", a clinical summary which has been imposed by the Belgian Ministry of Public Health for each psychiatric hospital stay. Symptom components were derived from the Psychosis Evaluation tool for Common Use by Caregivers (PECC). RESULTS: Among the 184 patients enrolled in the initial analysis, 6 refused to participate in the follow-up study. The 178 remaining schizophrenic patients included 131 men (74%) and 47 women (26%) with a mean age of 43.1 +/- 13.6 and 48.8 +/- 14.9 years, respectively (p<0.05). The majority of patients (53%) suffered from paranoid schizophrenia. At baseline, 63% of the patients were hospitalised full-time, 6% part-time and 31% received ambulatory care. During the one-year follow-up period, 4 patients died, including one from suicide. When considering mobility, 48% of the patients experienced at least one change of institution, whereas 52% of the patients didn't change at all (see figure 1). The total number of changes over the 1-year period amounted 189, yielding a mean value of 1.1 changes per patient per year. Changes mostly occurred between institutions of similar care setting (see figure 2). Transfers (30%) were also observed directly between hospital and home. A multivariate Poisson regression analysis showed that the number of changes was unrelated to gender and initial care setting but decreased with age (p<0.0001). It was also higher for patients with schizo-affective disorders (2.5 +/- 1.9, p<0.01) or with residual type (1.2 +/- 1.8; p<0.05) than for patients with other types of schizophrenia (ranging from 0.3 +/- 0.5 to 0.9 +/- 1.4). No association was found with initial GAF or PECC, except for negative symptoms (p<0.05). After one year, despite the high proportion of institutional changes (48% of the patients), the distribution of the patients according to care setting remained the same (p=0.77). However, GAF scores significantly improved from 39.7 +/- 16.1 to 44.4 +/- 16.1 (p<0.0001) and likewise for total PECC scores (70 +/- 19.1 vs 63.2 +/- 19.4, p<0.001). Excitatory and disease perception items of the PECC remained unchanged. CONCLUSION: The present study reveals that mobility within the institutional network did affect about half of the schizophrenic patients. Mobility was related to age, type of schizophrenia and disease evolution. Changes occur mainly between psychiatric structures of similar care setting but also directly from hospital to home without passing through an intermediate care structure. Further efforts should be made to provide schizophrenic patients with a more coordinated care provision throughout the course of their disease.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Regional organisation of brain activity during paradoxical sleep (PS).

Human brain function is regionally organised during paradoxical sleep (PS) in a very different way than during wakefulness or slow wave sleep. The important activity in the pons and in the limbic/paralimbic areas constitutes the key feature of the functional neuroanatomy of PS, together with a relative quiescence of prefrontal and parietal associative cortices. Two questions are still outstanding. What neurocognitive and neurophysiological mechanisms may explain this original organization of brain function during PS? How the pattern of regional brain function may relate to dream content? Although some clues are already available, the experimental answer to both questions is still pending.

Action Potentials↗
PubMed2003

Memory processing during human sleep as assessed by functional neuroimaging.

Sleep is believed to participate in memory consolidation, possibly through off-line processing of recent memory traces. In this paper, we summarize functional neuroimaging data testing this hypothesis. First, sleep deprivation disrupts the processing of recent memory traces and hampers the changes in functional segregation and connectivity which underpin the gain in performance usually observed in subjects allowed to sleep on the first post-training night. Second, experience-dependent changes in regional brain activity occur during post-training sleep. These changes are shown to be related to the processing of high-level material and to be modulated by the amount of learning achieved during the training session. These changes do not involve isolated brain areas but entire macroscopic cerebral networks. These data suggest a role for sleep in the processing of recent memory traces.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Spontaneous buccolinguofacial dyskinesia in the elderly.

Buccolinguofacial dyskinesia consists of repetitive, non-rhythmic abnormal movements which occur at the speed of normal voluntary movement. To the observer they do not suggests a normal activity of mastication or phonation. This type of dyskinesia was evidenced in 88 patients out of a total of 240 elderly examined. It is more frequent in females than in males. Incidence does not increase with age. Frequency is highly variable individually. Every subject seems to have a comparatively stable frequency of his own. Dyskinesia is reduced or suppressed by neuroleptics, whereas stereotyped movements of the limbs are not affected. Individualization of bucolinguofacial dyskinesia from other abnormal movements should consequently rest on both its clinical features and its pharmacological sensitivity.

Age Factors↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A role for sleep in brain plasticity.

The idea that sleep might be involved in brain plasticity has been investigated for many years through a large number of animal and human studies, but evidence remains fragmentary. Large amounts of sleep in early life suggest that sleep may play a role in brain maturation. In particular, the influence of sleep in developing the visual system has been highlighted. The current data suggest that both Rapid Eye Movement (REM) and non-REM sleep states would be important for brain development. Such findings stress the need for optimal paediatric sleep management. In the adult brain, the role of sleep in learning and memory is emphasized by studies at behavioural, systems, cellular and molecular levels. First, sleep amounts are reported to increase following a learning task and sleep deprivation impairs task acquisition and consolidation. At the systems level, neurophysiological studies suggest possible mechanisms for the consolidation of memory traces. These imply both thalamocortical and hippocampo-neocortical networks. Similarly, neuroimaging techniques demonstrated the experience-dependent changes in cerebral activity during sleep. Finally, recent works show the modulation during sleep of cerebral protein synthesis and expression of genes involved in neuronal plasticity.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Diagnostic, symptomatic and sanitary assessment of schizophrenic patients in Liege psychiatric institutions].

This study was designed to provide a diagnostic, symptomatologic and sanitary assessment of schizophrenic patients in the network of institutions of the Plate-Forme Psychiatrique Liégeoise (Liège, Belgium). The diagnosis of schizophrenia was based on the DSM IV. Demographic, social and global functioning (GAF scale) data were collected from the Résumé Psychiatrique Minimum (RPM) , a clinical summary which has been imposed for each psychiatric hospital stay by the Belgian Ministry of Public Health. Symptoms components were derived from the Psychosis Evaluation tool for Commom Use by Caregivers (PECC). In the 44 participating institutions, 793 cases of schizophrenia were reported (533 men and 260 women) with a mean age of 46.1 14.4 years. The study confirmed the predominance of men in schizophrenia (67%) but revealed that women were about 6 years higher than men. PECC symptoms were studied in a random sample of 184 patients extracted from the 793 initial patients and analysed with respect to age, sex and type of care (full-time or part-time hospitalization, ambulatory care). Negative, cognitive and total PECC scores did not vary with sex but were positively correlated with age. Hospitalized patients were significantly older than the others. The cognitive deficit was significantly higher in hospitalized patients than in other patients, while the perception of the disease tended to be more apparent in ambulatory than in hospitalized patients. Data were also related to social information and global functioning. The GAF scores increased with age but were comparable in men and women. Moreover, GAF scores were significantly lower in catatonic type schizophrenia patients than in others.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Abnormal involuntary movements in the elderly and their treatment (author's transl)].

In the elderly, there are two main types of abnormal involuntary movements: tremors on one hand and dyskinesias on the other. Among tremors, senile and parkinsonian types have to be separated because they have different semeiologic signs and distinct therapeutics. Senile tremor is present during movements and tonically maintained attitude. It affects upper extremities (often asymmetrically) and the head; it is reduced by alcohol. When possible (in the absence of contrindications) its best treatment is by beta-blockers. Parkinsonian tremor is typically present at rest and is reduced by a voluntary movement. L-dopa is active but in the elderly the dosis has to be reduced. Dyskinesias are repetitive but not rythmic involuntary movements which are made at the speed of a normal movement. There are at least two types of dyskinesias: spontaneous and post neuroleptics (i.e. tradive). Spontaneous dyskinesias essentially involve the axial muscles and are chiefly bucco-linguo-facial. They are well controlled by various neuroleptics. If eventual side effects are taken into account, tiapride appears to represent the good choice. Tardive dyskinesias do not disappear when responsible neuroleptics are stopped and are usually permanent. Paradoxically, when necessary, their treatment consists in resuming a neuroleptic prescription.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Controlled therapeutic study of spontaneous bucco-linguo-facial dyskinesias (author's transl)].

A triple blind study has been conducted according to an original methodology to compare the effects of thioproperazine and tiapride on the spontaneous bucco-linguo-facial dyskinesias in the elderly. Side effects have been balanced to obtain a quantitative evaluation. Thioproperazine (3 x 3 mg/day) and tiapride (3 x 100 mg/day) reduce both significantly the number of dyskinesias, the former being more active than the latter. On the other hand, side effects of thioproprerazine are significantly higher than those of tiapride which are themselves not different from those induced by the placebo. Taking into account these results and the fact that dyskinesias represent a benign condition, the tiapride appears to be the first choice drug.

Aged↗