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Biomedical subjects

M Devlin

Publications and source records attributed to M Devlin.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Preliminary results from the third flight of the Millimeter Anisotropy Experiment (MAX).

Preliminary results from the June 1991 flight of MAX are presented. Simultaneous observations were made in bands centered at 6, 9, and 12 cm-1 with a bolometric receiver operating at 300 mK. The experimental sensitivities are the highest reported at angular scales of 0.3 degrees to 1.0 degrees. Interstellar dust is observed to have an emissivity [symbol, see text] nu 1.4+/-0.3 and to correlate with the Infrared Astronomical Satellite (IRAS) 100- map. After removal of emission from interstellar dust, 1.3 hr of integration on a 6 degrees scan yields an upper limit of temperature difference Delta T/T < 2.6 x 10(-5) at a Gaussian autocorrelation function centered at 0.5 degrees. The experiment and data analysis are described.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1993

Binge eating disorder: its further validation in a multisite study.

Binge eating disorder (BED) is a new eating disorder that describes the eating disturbance of a large number of individuals who suffer from recurrent binge eating but who do not regularly engage in the compensatory behaviors to avoid weight gain seen in bulimia nervosa. This multisite study of BED involved 1,785 subjects drawn from 18 weight control programs, 942 subjects from five nonpatient community samples, and 75 patients with bulimia nervosa. Approximately 29% of subjects in weight control programs met the criteria for BED. In the nonpatient community samples BED was more common than purging bulimia nervosa. The validity of BED was supported by its strong association with (1) impairment in work and social functioning, (2) overconcern with body/shape and weight, (3) general psychopathology, (4) significant amount of time in adult life on diets, (5) a history of depression, alcohol/drug abuse, and treatment for emotional problems.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Fatal varicella-zoster virus meningoradiculitis without skin involvement.

A 77-year-old man with T-cell lymphoma developed an acute fatal meningoradiculitis of cranial nerve roots and cauda equina, pathologically and virologically confirmed to be caused by varicella-zoster virus. This is the first report of fatal varicella-zoster virus-induced neurological disease in the absence of skin lesions. Varicella-zoster virus should be included in the differential diagnosis of acute radiculoneuropathy in the immunocompromised patient, particularly because antiviral treatment for varicella-zoster virus exists.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Persistence of varicella-zoster virus DNA in blood mononuclear cells of patients with varicella or zoster.

Varicella-zoster virus (VZV) DNA was detectable by in-situ hybridization in blood mononuclear cells (MNCs) of patients with varicella or zoster for 2-56 days after the onset of a rash. VZV DNA was present in many MNCs from one acute varicella patient 2 days after the onset of the rash and was rarely found in MNCs during acute zoster, convalescent zoster, and convalescent varicella. The morphology of MNCs containing VZV was heterogenous, although most viral-DNA-containing MNCs were large monocytoid cells. Serial examination of blood MNCs from one adult with varicella revealed VZV DNA up until 8 weeks, but not 16 weeks, after the appearance of the rash; parallel studies in four zoster patients showed VZV DNA up until 3 weeks, but not later than 7 weeks after the appearance of the rash. These results indicate that MNCs become infected with VZV during the primary encounter with VZV (varicella) and during reactivation (zoster) and that infection continues for weeks after the onset of the skin rash. Furthermore, the detection of VZV DNA in blood MNCs of uncomplicated zoster patients coincides with the period during which these patients experience pain.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Expression of varicella-zoster virus and herpes simplex virus in normal human trigeminal ganglia.

Lysates of radiolabeled explants from four human trigeminal ganglia were immunoprecipitated with antibodies to varicella-zoster virus (VZV) and to herpes simplex virus. Both herpes simplex virus- and VZV-specific proteins were detected in lysates of all four ganglia. Absence of reactivity in ganglion explants with monoclonal antibodies suggested that herpes simplex virus and VZV were not reactivated during the culture period. In situ hybridization studies demonstrated the presence of RNA transcripts from the VZV immediate early gene 63. This approach to the detection of herpes simplex virus and VZV expression in human ganglia should facilitate analysis of viral RNA and proteins in human sensory ganglia.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Detection of varicella-zoster virus nucleic acid in neurons of normal human thoracic ganglia.

Tissue sections from four normal human thoracic ganglia were hybridized in situ with a varicella-zoster virus-RNA probe. Varicella-zoster virus was detected in two of four ganglia, localized exclusively in neurons. The detection of latent varicella-zoster virus genetic material in thoracic ganglia provides further evidence of varicella-zoster virus latency at multiple levels of the human neuraxis and supports the notion that the neuron is the primary site of herpesvirus latency.

DNA, Viral↗
PubMed1985

Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation. Practical aspects and applications.

Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) is a commonly used method of treating patients with pain, both acute and chronic. Although several hypotheses have been proposed, the mechanism by which TENS alters pain perception is still unknown. Symptomatic relief of pain adjunctive to a comprehensive program of pain management is the only justified indication for TENS use.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1983

A low thymidine kinase-producing mutant of herpes simplex virus type 1 causes latent trigeminal ganglia infections in mice.

The wild type NIH strain of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) has a mixed plaque morphology of both large and small plaques. From this virus we selected a large plaque isolate that was a high producer of thymidine kinase (TK) activity (designated TK+) and a small plaque isolate that produced 25 per cent of the TK activity of the large plaque mutant (designated TK 1/4). A TK- mutant of the large plaque virus was obtained after passage of the virus in the presence of BUdR. The pathogenicity of the TK 1/4 virus strain in relation to the TK+ and TK- strains was investigated in mice after inoculation of the virus into the eyes by corneal scarification. The TK+ strain was highly pathogenic, caused encephalitis and killed most of the mice, whereas the TK- strain did not cause latent infections in the trigeminal ganglia or kill the mice. The TK 1/4 virus strain replicated in the eyes within 24 hours after inoculation and entered the trigeminal ganglia, establishing a latent infection in almost all of the mice. By increasing the infectious dose tenfold, the TK 1/4 virus caused an active infection in the trigeminal ganglia (ganglionitis), migrated to the brain, and killed the mice. The results indicate that not only is a low level of TK required to establish latent infections in mice, but also the degree of virulence is determined by the amount of TK produced by the infecting virus.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Therapeutic heat and cold. A practitioner's guide.

Application of heat generally increases metabolic activity, with resulting increase in circulation and exacerbation of inflammation, while cold in most cases has the opposite effect. Choice of treatment method in a given case is based on many factors, including the physical properties (ie, depth of penetration and method of energy delivery) of the modality under consideration and knowledge of the contraindications. A thorough understanding of the physiologic bases for use of thermotherapy and cryotherapy as well as of the various methods for delivery of therapeutic heat and cold will allow the physician to make optimal use of the modalities available.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1982

The production of varicella Zoster virus antiserum in laboratory animals. Brief report.

Hyperimmune anti-varicella zoster virus (VZV) antisera were prepared in BALB/c mice, Lewis rats and New Zealand rabbits by subcutaneous inoculations of purified VZ virions suspended in Freund's adjuvant. VZV antibodies were demonstrated both by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and by indirect immunofluorescence (IF). VZV could not be detected in organs of any inoculated animals by IF or by cocultivation of tissue fragments from infected animals with human diploid fibroblasts.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Extraction of cell-associated varicella-zoster virus DNA with triton X-100-NaCl.

Varicella-zoster virus (VZV) DNA was extracted from infected cells with 0.25% Triton X-100-0.2 M NaCl and purified by isopycnic centrifugation in CsCl. In each of eight experiments, 1.8-9.8 micrograms VZV DNA was obtained from 107 infected cells. The VZV DNA obtained by this procedure had a molecular weight of 88-100 x 106 as determined by sucrose gradient sedimentation and electron microscopy, and cleavage patterns after digestion with four restriction enzymes that corresponded to patterns previously described with six strains of VZV; the pattern of BamHI-cleaved Triton-NaCl-extracted VZV DNA was identical to the pattern seen after DNA extraction from virions. These studies expand the usefulness of Triton X-100-NaCl for extraction of large molecular weight viral DNA from a system where considerable cell-free virus is produced (Pignatti et al., 1979, Virology 93, 260) to a system known for its marked cell association.

Animals↗