Biomedical subjects

M Diao

Publications and source records attributed to M Diao.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2005

Acupuncture for nocturnal enuresis in children: a systematic review and exploration of rationale.

OBJECTIVES: This review identified reports of acupuncture for childhood nocturnal enuresis, with the aim of ascertaining whether acupuncture is efficacious and or better than standard therapy for treating enuresis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Studies of children of either gender <18 years of age who received acupuncture treatment for nocturnal enuresis, were considered. The primary outcome measure was change in the mean number of wet episodes following treatment. Electronic searching was supplemented by hand searching of western medicine and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) journals along with English language alternative medicine journals. Trials were assessed for quality and sources of bias. Meta-analysis was performed and the overall weighted odds ratio (OR) and associated 95% confidence interval (CI) were computed using the fixed effect model; the Forest plot was used to demonstrate results. RESULTS: Two hundred six abstracts were identified, of which 11 studies were eligible for data extraction. All the trials were of low methodological quality. There was some evidence that acupuncture is useful for nocturnal enuresis when used in conjunction with other treatment that may also include a different form of acupuncture (OR 3.98, CI: 2.2-7.2). When one form of acupuncture is compared with another there was marked heterogeneity, implying that some forms of acupuncture are effective. CONCLUSION: This review provides tentative evidence for the efficacy of acupuncture for the treatment of childhood nocturnal enuresis. Due to the low methodological quality of studies, evidence to identify, which parameters of acupuncture work best, is lacking. More rigorous trials are clearly warranted.

Acupuncture Therapy↗

PubMed2005

[Active rheumatic heart disease: findings from an 17-case series in the University Hospital Center of Dakar, Senegal].

This report is based on retrospective review of the charts of 18 patients with pre-existing active rheumatic heart disease compiled over a period of two years (January 2000 to December 2001). The purpose of this study was to determine the incidence of acute degenerative joint disease, to describe the clinical features and natural course of the disease, and to highlight the main points in the fight against degenerative joint disease and rheumatic heart disease. The prevalence of active rheumatic disease was 3.7%. Mean patient age was 15.5 years (range: 8 to 25 years). Female sex was predominant with 13 girls and 4 boys (sex ratio: 3.25). The most common clinical symptoms were migratory polyarthritis involving large joints in 14 cases (82.3%) and left heart insufficiency in 13 (76.4%). Additional clinical findings included oscillating fever in 8 cases (47.05%), tooth decay in 11 (73.3%), and poor buccodental hygiene in 14 (93.3%). Blood tests to evaluate inflammation demonstrated high values in all patients with mean ASLO titer of 950 UI/l, mean serum fibrin level of 7.8 g/l, and mean C-reactive protein level of 28.5 mg/l. The erythrocyte sedimentation rate was high in 15 cases (88.2%). In addition to showing heart valve disease, electrocardiography demonstrated first-degree atrioventricular block in 1 case. Chest x-ray revealed cardiomegaly in 15 cases (88.2%). Doppler ultrasonography of the heart showed isolated rheumatoid disease in 11 cases (64.7%). All patients responded favourably to treatment with corticosteroids and penicillin. The incidence of recurrence of active disease was high (70.5%) thus supporting use of high loading doses. Rheumatic heart disease is a public health problem in Africa and requires appropriate preventive measures.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2004

Urodynamic findings in adults with primary nocturnal enuresis.

PURPOSE: We evaluate bladder function in adults with primary nocturnal enuresis (PNE) since childhood. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We recruited all patients older than 16 years who presented to our PNE clinic with persistent enuretic symptoms. All patients were assessed by a detailed voiding diary, uroflowmetry and ultrasonography of the urinary tract. Urodynamic studies were performed for those with moderate or severe PNE (more than 3 wet nights a week). RESULTS: The study included 18 males and 29 females with a mean age of 20 years (range 16 to 43). Of these patients 37 (79%) had moderate or severe symptoms and 17 (38%) also had daytime urinary symptoms. Urodynamic studies were conducted in 30 patients, including 12 males and 16 females (93%) with detrusor overactivity. In addition, 73% of patients had urodynamic evidence of functional bladder outflow obstruction, including dysfunctional voiding and detrusor sphincter or detrusor pelvic discoordination. Two male patients (6.7%) had an obstructive pattern on urodynamics and subsequent cystoscopic examination confirmed the presence of congenital obstructive urethral lesions. Sixteen patients (53%) had significantly reduced bladder capacity of less than 300 ml. CONCLUSIONS: Unlike in early childhood, the majority (79%) of enuretic adults had significant symptoms, and more than a third also had daytime urinary symptoms. We believe that PNE in adults is not only a psychologically disturbing condition, but also a urological disorder with significant underlying bladder dysfunction that warrants special attention to management.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2004

[Electrocardiographic recording of long duration (Holter) of 24 hours during idiopathic cardiomyopathy of the peripartum].

The idiopathic myocardiopathy of the peripartum (IMPP) is a frequent disease in the Soudano-Sahelian zone of Africa whose evolution is loaded with many complications hemodynamic, thrombo-embolic and rhythmic. The prevalence and the meaning of the rhythm disorders are unknown. The aims of this prospective study are to measure and to describe the prevalence of the anomalies observed in Holter ECG of 24 hours. It's about a description cross-sectional study realized at the Cardiology Department (CHU Dakar) and 19 patients with IMPP were included, from October 2000 to July 2002. A recording ECG of 24 hours (Holter) was realized on all the patients. The average age was 29.4+/-6.9 years with a low socio-economic level (100%). The diagnosis of IMPP done before childbirth in 4 cases (21%) and the post partum on 15 patients (78.9%). The dyspnea was constant, the chest pain in 12 cases (63.1%) and palpitations in 8 cases (42%). The average rate of hemoglobin was of 10.85+/-2.05 g/dL. The standard electrocardiogram recorded a sinusal tachycardia (68.4%), a cavitary hypertrophy (78.8%), and disorders of the repolarization (47.3%). The cardiac echo-Doppler noted a cavitary dilatation (84.2%), a constant alteration of the left ventricular systolic function with a fraction of average ejection of 29.7+/-10.3%. The anatomy of the valves was normal. The recording Holter ECG of 24 hours recorded a sinusal tachycardia in 17 cases (89.4%), ventricular extrasystoles on 7 patients (36.8%), 4 cases of ventricular tachycardia non-sustained and double ventricular extrasystole on 1 patient, auricular extrasystoles in 4 cases (21%) and 1 case of auriculo-ventricular block of the first degree. The study of heart rate variability founded a mean value of 106 ms.

Adult↗

PubMed2004

[Spiral CT in aortic dissection].

Patients with suspected dissection of the thoracic aorta require immediate diagnostic evaluation so that urgent therapeutic interventions can begin. Two women with suspected aortic dissection and one man with abdominal aortic aneurysm underwent color-flow Doppler echocardiography and CT angiography with multiplanar reconstructions. Spiral CT showed ascending aortic dissection (type A Stanford) in two cases and descending aortic dissection (type B Stanford) in one case. It also access the visualization of the intimal flap, the extent of dissection, the size of the aorta, and the presence of pericardial fluid. CT angiography is an accurate diagnostic procedure for patients with suspected aortic dissection and possesses several advantages over other modalities such as transthoracic echocardiography, transesophageal echocardiography and aortography.

Adult↗

PubMed2003

[The athlete's heart: an echocardiographic case-control study on Senegalese athletes].

The aim of this work is to study the echocardiographic parameters of male trained athletes. It is about a case-control study comparing 3 groups: basketball players, cyclists and not sports healthy subjects. All the subjects benefited from an echocardiography (time motion, two-dimensional and pulse Doppler). The mean age is of 23.5 years for the cyclists group, 24 years for the basketball players and of 26.2 years for the control group. Compared with the control group, the left ventricular telediastolic dimensions, left ventricular mass index and the pulmonary flow velocity are higher in athletes group. The basketball players have a higher left ventricular diameter and parameter of systolic function than cyclists group. The septal diameter is higher in the cyclists group. This study finds some differencies in Senegalese athletes in the characteristics of the standard athletic heart syndrome.

Adult↗

PubMed2003

[Role of transesophageal echocardiography in the diagnosis of aortic dissection. Report of 5 cases].

Aortic dissection is medical and surgical emergency. About 5 cases, the authors emphasized the role of transesophageal echocardiography in the diagnosis of aortic dissection. For all patients we realized a clinical examination, electrocardiogram, chest X ray, thoracic and transesophageal echocardiography and laboratory studies. Echocardiography were performed by an apparatus Hewlett Packard sonos 1000 with colour doppler and multiplanar transesophageal. Transesophageal echocardiography made the diagnosis by showing dilatation of aorta, intimal flap, false channel; this exam also allow to classify the aortic dissection.

Adult↗

PubMed2003

[Left atrial myxoma. Report of 2 cases operated in Senegal].

Cardiac tumours are rare and are dominated by left atrial myxoma. The authors report 2 cases of left atrial myxoma operated in the Cardiology department of Dakar (Senegal). Clinical signs were heart failure, cardiac sounds mimicking mitral valve disease and alteration of general state. The electrocardiogram showed sinus rhythm in 1 case and atrial flutter in the second case. The chest-x-ray show cardiac enlargement. Diagnosis was suggested by echocardiography and confirmed by anatomy. Evolution was favourable in one case and the other patient died.

Female↗

PubMed2002

[Subvalvular left ventricular aneurysm. Report of 2 cases].

The authors report both Senegalese's cases of subvalvular left ventricular aneurysm (SVLVA). The aim of the study was to describe the clinical and paraclinical aspects of this disease. Mitral regurgitation an heart failure were constant. Beyond cardiomegaly observed in both patients, one of them presented vaulting of the left ventricle. In the two cases, electrocardisgram showed sinus rhythm, and biology an inflammatory syndrome. One patient had also tuberculosis. Transthoracic echocardiography showed an aneurysm situated in a mitral subvalvular position, thrombosed in one case. Medical treatment with furosemid and digoxin has been administrated. One patient received also drugs against tuberculosis. Surgery of aneurysm had not been possible. During the evolution, we have observed persistence of heart failure in one patient. The other one died, probably after a cerebral embolism. Autopsy confirmed the echocardiographic aspects and integrity of myocardium and coronary arteries.

Child↗

PubMed2002

[Post myocardial infarction septal rupture. Report of 2 cases].

The authors report 2 cases of post myocardial infarction septal-rupture. There were one woman and one man aged respectively of 52 and 69 years. Risk factors were diabetes associated in one case with hypertension, and in the other case with tobacco addict. Both patients presented a ventricular septal defect murmur, and cardiac failure. Myocardial infarction (MI) was inaugural, semi-recent, and concemed interventricular septum or circumference of myocardium. Cardiac enzymes were high. Echocardiography showed a left ventricular apical aneurysm, and septal rupture. An abnormal blood flow pattern from left to right ventricle was visualized at Döppler. Medical treatment of Ml and cardiac failure were administrated. Surgery had not been possible. Both patients died respectively after 36 days and 4 days by cardiogenic shock.

Aged↗

PubMed2001

[Cardiac tamponade. Clinical, paraclinical, outcome, and therapeutic features. Report of 15 cases].

The authors perform a prospective study of 15 cases of cardiac tamponade in the Department of Cardiology of the University Hospital of Dakar (Senegal) from January to July 1999. The prevalence of cardiac tamponade is 4 %. The mean age is 33 years. There is no sex predominance. The clinical findings are: class III or IV NYHA dyspnea (86.6 %), pulsus paradoxus (66.6 %), and decrease intensity of the heart sounds (100 %). The electrocardiogram revealed sinus rhythm in 86.6 %, a low voltage of the QRS in all cases, and abnormalities of repolarization, mainly inverted T waves (73.3%). The echocardiography shows circumferential pericardial effusion (66.6 %), a "swinging heart" (53.3 %) and compression of right heart chambers (66.6 %). The main etiology was tuberculosis. The evolution is good after pericardiocentesis, surgical drainage and medical therapy. Cardiac tamponade is cardio-vascular emergency almost always due to tuberculosis with a good outcome if a prompt pericardiocentesis is performed.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2001

[Infective endocarditis at the University Hospital of Dakar. Clinical, outcome, and therapeutic features].

Mainly because of rheumatic fever,infective endocarditis (IE) is frequent in our countries and is associated with many diagnostic and therapeutic problems. We perform a retrospective study on 86 cases of IE hospitalized from December 1986 to November 1996. The prevalence of IE is 4.3% and there is a female predominance (the sex ratio is 0.56). The mean age is 26.45+/-13.22 years. 74.4% of the patients have of low socioeconomic status. The mean duration of inhospital stay is 54 days and the average diagnosis retardation is 35 days. The source of infection is found in 19 cases (15 sources are dental). The main clinical signs are: fever (63.9%), anaemia (67.4%) and weight loss (38.3%). The underlying heart disease is mainly due to rheumatic valve regurgitation (95.3%). The blood culture find microbialagent in 12.7%. Echocardiography reveals vegetations in 69.7% of patients. The main complications are : heart failure (47.6%) and stroke (33.7%). The mortality rate is high (30.7%). The treatment is only medical, none of the patients has surgical repair. This study shows that IE is frequent and is associated with many complications and a high mortality rate. These observations amphasize the importance of prevention of rheumatic fever.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2000

[Permanent cardiac stimulation in Senegal: preliminary experience at the Cardiology Clinic of Dakar].

We report a prospective and descriptive study in 12 patients who had pacemaker implantation from may. 1996 and dec. 1997. Our patients benefited from complete clinical examination, ECG (12 derivations), standard laboratory tests, chest X ray. Pulsed-Doppler, two dimensional and TM echocardiography have been performed. Stimulation was achieved using endocardial lead introduced percutaneously. During the study, 12 patients over 22, representing 55% of the subjects with symptomatic conduction defects, had definitive pacemaker implantation. Mean age was 53.8 years +/- 18. Most of the patients lived in Dakar. Sex-ratio was 0.58 (7 males/5 females). Most of the patients (83%) had low socio-economical status. Before implantation mean heart rate was 47 bpm +/- 20.8. Mean blood pressure was 155 mmHg +/- 26.7 (systolic) and 71.6 +/- 20.8 mmHg (diastolic). Heart failure was present in 5 patients/12. Others symptoms were mainly syncope (83%). Mean cardiothoracic ratio was 0.56 +/- 0.09. Over a 14 months period we have implanted 7 double chamber stimulators (DDD) and 5 monochamber (VVI). Over a 210 days follow-up, main problems are infection of the pocket in 2 patients. In one of them culture was positive. In Senegal, it is necessary to develop cardiac stimulation. Pacemakers should be available for all patients with symptomatic conduction defects. A national center for electrophysiologic studies and pacemaker implantation is a priority.

Age Distribution↗

PubMed2000

[Chronic cor pulmonale: a study of 34 cases in the Dakar University Hospital Center Cardiology Department].

The authors report the results of a study on patients with chronic cor pulmonale hospitalized in the Departement of Cardiology (Dakar), from 1990 to 1998. The hospital prevalence is 0.9% with a male predominance (73.5%). The clinical signs were dominated by dyspnea and cough. The right heart failure is noted in 85.29% of cases. As far as the biological factor is concerned, it exists an polycythemia about 75% of cases, hypoxia (88.8%), hypercapnia (55.5%) and a respiratory acidoses (55.5%). The spirometry showed in 66% of cases, a mixed syndrom with obstructive predominance. The echocardiography showed in all cases right heart dilatation with pulmonary hypertension. The etiological factors are dominated by tobacco (21 cases). The hospital evolution has been favorable in 19 cases underoxygentherapy, lowdosediuretic, expectorant, bronchodilatators and salt restriction. However, 14 patients have died.

Academic Medical Centers↗

PubMed1999

[First case of primary IgA glomerulonephritis (Berger's disease) in Senegal].

Berger's disease or IgA glomerulonephritis is the most common glomerular nephropathy in Europe and represent a rare event in blacks. Here, we describe the case of a 43 years old black Senegalese whose disease was discovered while investigating a persistent proteinuria with high blood pressure and chronic renal failure, but without hematuria. We point out the uncommon feature of this clinical presentation and the importance of bad prognostic factors presented by this patient. We obtained a good outcome by means of converting enzyme inhibitors and corticosteroid therapies: regression of renal failure and normalization of blood pressure. The generalization of renal biopsy practice would lead to a better knowledge of the incidence of this disease among Senegalese people. Indeed, renal biopsy is the main tool to diagnose glomerulonephritis and subsequently adapt the therapy aimed at preventing the possible evolution to end stage renal disease.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗

PubMed1998

[Cardiac thyrotoxicosis and left ventricular thrombosis, a case report].

Authors report about a left ventricular thrombus as a complication of thyrotoxic heart disease, on a 45 years old woman. Clinical state featured signs of thyrotoxicosis, global cardiac failure and hypertension. The electrocardiogram showed a left axis deviation, the chest X-ray a cardiac enlargement (cardio-thoracic index = 0.55) on behalf of left movement of heart walls and severe left ventricule dysfunction (Ejection fraction about 18%). This exam also found a big thrombus at he left ventricule apex. The treatment disappearance of the thrombosis and improvement of cardiac failure signs and echographic parameters. Authors discuss circumstances leading to thrombosis in thyrotoxic heart disease, and the usefulness of anticoagulant drug therapy.

Echocardiography↗

PubMed1998

[Arterial pressure and body mass index of children and adolescents in a rural area of Thiadiaye, Senegal].

The purpose of this study is to assess the profile of blood pressure and body mass index of children and adolescents in a rural area in Africa. It is a prospective study concerning a sample of 465 children and adolescents in the district of Thiadiaye (Senegal). The ration boys/girls was 1.02. Blood pressure was higher in girls. The prevalence of hypertension was 5.1% for the children and 1.5% for adolescents. There was no significative variation in body mass index for children whereas we were noted an augmentation with age in adolescence. The parameters of corpulence are higher in girls in adolescence. The prevalence of obesity was 3% in children and 2.4% for adolescents. There was no correlation between blood pressure and body mass index. This study show many particularities in rural area as for as blood pressure and body mas index of children and adolescent are concerned.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1998

[Survey of smoking in the rural area of Thiadiaye, Senegal].

The objective of this article is to study the place of tobacco addiction in a rural area in Senegal. We have performed a transversal and domicillary study on a sample of adults and adolescents of the district of Thiadiaye (Senegal). The mean age of the studied population is 39 +/- 8.5 years (extremes: 12 and 100 years). The sex ratio is 0.85%. The prevalence of tobacco addict was 24.07%, 9% of the teenagers and 32% of the adults were smokers. Tobacco use was more frequent among men (89% 5%) than women (10.5%) (p < 10(-7)). The most common form was traditional tobacco: 62.1%. Cigarette was smoked in 14.4% of cases. The mean duration of tobacco use was 13 +/- -12.2 years. The mean consumption per day of traditional tobacco was 5.1 +/- 4, whereas the mean number of cigarettes per day is 12.3 +/- -7. Our study shows that tobacco occupies an important place in rural area in Senegal where coexist with traditional habits, a modern tobacco use represented by cigarette smoking.

Adolescent↗