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Biomedical subjects

M Dimitrijević

Publications and source records attributed to M Dimitrijević.

48 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Changes in immunological and neuronal conditions markedly altered antibody response to intracerebroventricularly injected ovalbumin in the rat.

The serum antibody response to ovalbumin (OA) has been investigated following intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) and intravenous administration of antigen in the rat, under altered neuronal and immunological conditions. I.c.v. administration of antigen was far more potent in eliciting humoral immune response. Central nervous system (CNS) immunization under the conditions of disrupted blood-brain barrier decreased anti-OA antibody production. Peripheral polyclonal stimulation with Bordetella pertussis increased production of specific antibodies to i.c.v. injected antigen, while complete Freund's adjuvant had no effect on the immune response. These results suggest that CNS compartmentalization of antigen may be critical for mounting strong antibody production, and that peripheral polyclonal stimulation of the immune system may markedly contribute to the overall intensity of the immune response.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Anaphylactic shock in neuropsychoimmunological research.

Anaphylaxis appears to be an excellent experimental model for investigating the interactions between central nervous system (CNS) and immune system. Both afferent and efferent regulatory pathways of anaphylactic response are well characterized. The potent mediators of anaphylactic shock, such as histamine and serotonin, are at the same time neurotransmitters, acting in the CNS, and regulators/modulators of the immune system, since receptors for these substances exist on the membrane of the cells of the immune system. In this article the results of studies on the relationship between anaphylaxis and CNS, performed by both pioneers and contemporary investigators, are briefly reviewed. Recent experiments done in our laboratory are presented, which showed that (a) anaphylactic shock can be induced by intracerebroventricular administration of the shocking dose of antigen; (b) rats can learn to associate the induction of anaphylactic shock with neutral stimuli from the environment; and (c) stress in the form of electric tail-shocks reduces the intensity of anaphylactic shock.

Anaphylaxis↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Rational for the use of human immunoglobulins in clinical practice].

The Clinic for Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology of the Military Medical Academy, with the participation of the hosts and experts from eminent Yugoslav institutions, in April 1997 organized the symposium on two current and trendy subjects from clinical immunology: "Antiphospholipid syndrome" and "The use of polyvalent intravenous immunoglobulins in the clinical praxis". This paper summarizes the contemporary knowledge about the structure and biological activity of immunoglobulins, methods for their production, different pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic characteristics of two types (5S and 7S) IVIG preparations, etc. We pointed out three basic groups of indications for IVIG clinical use: 1) substitutional therapy in the primary and secondary immunodeficiencies; 2) adjuvant therapy for severe infections; 3) immunomodulation in autoimmune diseases. Particular emphasis was put on currently known mechanisms of immunosuppressive action of IVIG in autoimmune diseases. Except for presently accepted indications for their use (idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura and Kawasaki syndrome) we mentioned about 40 different diseases in hematology, neurology, rheumatology and other branches of medicine, from neonatology to transplantology, in which IVIG had shown some efficacy. Possibilities of different therapeutic modalities and the choice of diverse pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic effects, benefit the very wide spectrum of diseases, while minimal incidence of adverse effects suggested them to be the therapy of the future in the clinical practice.

Humans↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Intravenous immunoglobulin preparations as immunomodulatory agents.

Certain immunopathologic conditions, such as hypersensitivity and autoimmune diseases, are characterized by quantitative and/or qualitative alterations of immune reactions. It is now believed that such immunologic disturbances generate from inadequate internal control and regulation of immunologic reactivity. Important member of the complex regulatory network that supervises an immune response are antibodies themselves. Since antibody is bifunctional molecule, its regulatory action deals with two separate molecular structures denoted as Fab and Fc portion. By Fab fragment, antibody interferes with the reaction with antigens, or participates in the regulatory idiotype/antiidiotype interactions. Fc-mediated regulation includes influence on complement activation cascade, formation and clearance of immune complexes, phagocytosis, ADCC activity, T- and B-cell function, cytokine profile, etc. In general, antibody triggers immune reactions, but also has the capacity to suppress them. Exogenous antibodies are likely to elicit similar effects on immune processes. Actually, it has been demonstrated that intravenously given immunoglobulins, particularly high-dose IgG, effectively combat harmful immune response in some chronic inflammatory and autoimmune disorders. Hence, preparations of immunoglobulins for intravenous use (IVIG) can be considered as an immunomodulatory agent. To achieve the property of modulating the immune response, IVIG products must contain intact (7S) IgG molecule and maintain sufficient concentrations in plasma.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗