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Biomedical subjects

M Dolgin

Publications and source records attributed to M Dolgin.

15 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

Physiologic and psychobehavioral research in oncology.

A major thrust in research in psychosocial oncology is the study of the interaction of psychologic and physiologic variables. This discussion reviews the current status and future directions of such research. Areas addressed include pain, nausea and vomiting with chemotherapy, sexuality, effects of cancer on psychologic and neuropsychologic function, impact of psychologic factors on cancer and its treatment, and psychoneuroimmunology. In addition, specific recommendations for strategies to facilitate research in these areas of psychosocial oncology are proposed.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

The role of aortic valve calcium in the detection of aortic stenosis: an echocardiographic study.

One hundred fifty-three men (mean age 67.0 +/- 10.0 years) with basal systolic murmurs and aortic valve calcium on the echocardiogram (group II) were studied to assess the relationship between the grade of calcium and severity of aortic valve obstruction. Patients were subdivided into group IIA (hypertension, no coronary artery disease), group IIB (coronary artery disease, no hypertension), group IIC (hypertension and coronary artery disease) and group IID (neither hypertension nor coronary artery disease). Group I consisted of 21 normal age-matched men (mean age 60.5 +/- 10.9 years). Aortic valve calcium was graded as 1+ (63 patients), 2+ (54 patients), or 3+ (36 patients) according to the degree of involvement. Left ventricular wall thickness was greater in group II than in group I, and close correlation between wall thickness parameters and grade of aortic valve calcium was observed for group IID. Of 31 catheterized patients, none of seven with 1+ aortic calcium and 11 of 14 with 3+ calcium had gradients greater than or equal to 50 mm Hg. With 3+ calcium the valve area was 0.8 +/- 0.4 cm2, and with 1+ calcium it was 2.8 +/- 0.7 cm2 (f = 0.0006). The presence of 3+ calcium or grade 2+ calcium combined with a left ventricular ejection time index greater than 433 msec and a left ventricular mass greater than 300 gm was highly suggestive of severe aortic stenosis and could be used to separate patients to be considered for invasive studies from those with benign aortic valve sclerosis.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1979

Incidence of mitral valve prolapse in subjects with thoracic skeletal abnormalities--a prospective study.

The incidence of mitral valve prolapse (MVP) in 80 patients with various thoracic skeletal abnormalities (TSA) was examined prospectively using compete history and physical examination, chest x-rays, electrocardiography, phonocardiography, and echocardiography. There were 76 males and four females, ranging in age from 18 to 80 years. Thirty-four patients had narrow anteroposterior diameter of the chest (asthenic habitus) (Group 1), 13 had straight back (Group 2), and 33 had pectus excavatum (Group 3). Twenty-five of the 80 patients (31 per cent) had evidence of MVP, 22 by echocardiographic criteria and three by phonocardiographic criteria. The incidence of MVP in this predominantly male population was substantially higher than that reported in the general adult population. Thoracic skeletal abnormality is an important nonauscultatory feature of mitral valve prolapse syndrome. The association between TSA and MVP may be a manifestation of a single connective tissue defect during embryonic development of the bony thoracic cage and the atrioventricular valves. All patients with TSA, even when asymptomatic, should be screened for MVP by noninvasive investigations. The recognition of MVP in patients with TSA may be of potential value in prevention of life-threatening endocarditis and cardiac arrhythmia.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Complications due to cloth wear in cloth-covered Starr-Edwards aortic and mitral valve prostheses--and their management.

Five cases of complications due to cloth wear in cloth-covered composite-seat Starr-Edwards aortic and mitral valvular prostheses are described. The complications of cloth wear were recurrent systemic emboli in three patients, two with aortic and one with mitral prosthesis, and severe hemolytic anemia in two patients with aortic prosthesis. The over-all incidence of clinically significant complications due to cloth wear in aortic and mitral valve prosthesis was 2.5 per cent. The diagnosis of cloth wear is impossible before reoperation and it was made by exclusion of other causes of recurrent transient cerebral ischemic attacks or systemic emboli and by exclusion of other causes of hemolytic anemia. Clinical and laboratory findings suggestive of cloth wear are described. Aggressive management of complications of cloth wear by reoperation is likely to prevent disabling or lethal consequences. Porcine xenograft aortic and mitral bioprostheses were used in these patients to replace the cloth-covered valvular prostheses. The symptoms due to cloth wear were abolished in all patients by reoperation, and all patients are off anticoagulants postoperatively. The operative mortality rate for reoperation in this small group of patients was zero.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

First-degree trifascicular block unmasked by sinus arrhythmias. Report of a case studied with intracardiac electrocardiography.

A case is presented in which first-degree block in all three fascicles of the intraventricular conduction system results in a QRS complex with no specific features of fascicular block. During spontaneous sinus arrhythmia the typical features of RBBB and LAH appear at the longest sinus cycles. This is associated with shortened P-R and H-Q intervals. During shorter sinus cycles, near equalization of delay in each fascicle is associated with delay in His-Purkinje conduction but loss of the typical features of bifascicular block as the ventricular myocardium becomes activated more synchronously. Documentation of the changing patterns of ventricular activation is provided by His bundle electrocardiography.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

The diagnosis or ventricular tachycardia with ventriculo-atrial conduction.

A 57 year old man developed recurrent tachycardia with QRS complexes of 0.13 second in duration at a rate of 140 beats per minute. Inverted P waves appeared to follow each QRS complex in the electrocardiographic leads II, III and aVF. The differentiation between ventricular tachycardia with1 : 1 V-A conduction and supraventricular tachycardia with aberrant ventricular conduction was difficult to make from the surface electrocardiogram. This differentiation is important for selection of appropriate therapy. The diagnosis of ventricular tachycardia with 1 : 1 V-A conduction was clearly established in this case on simultaneous recording of surface electrocardiogram, His bundle electrogram and high right atrial electrogram.

Cardiac Catheterization↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The effects of excision of left ventricular scars on the electrocardiogram.

The effects of resection of post-ischemic ventricular scars on the electrocardiogram have been studied in 29 patients. No change occurred in atrial rhythm, P wave morphology, and A-V conduction. Fascicular blocks developed postoperatively in five patients. These were attributed to surgical trauma. Changes in mean frontal plane QRS axis were noted in 25 of 29 patients. There was no correlation between postoperative shifts in QRS axis and preoperative QRS axis, calculated scar size, or ventricular end-diastolic volume. No significant postoperative change was observed in Q waves or S-T segment deviation. It is concluded that electrocardiographic changes following scar resection occur randomly in a minority of patients. The presence of several unquantified factors makes it difficult to evaluate the post-resection electrocardiogram.

Cardiac Volume↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The electrocardiographic diagnosis of left ventricular hypertrophy: correlation with quantitative angiography.

The 12-lead scalar electrocardiogram has been correlated with angiographically determined left ventricular dimensions in 103 consecutive patients in order to determine the reliability of the electrocardiographic diagnosis of left ventricular hypertrophy. Simple and multiple correlations between various parameters of QRS complex voltage and left ventricular mass, volume and wall thickness were poor but statistically significant. Mean voltage of QRS complex parameters was higher in patients with increased left ventricular mass and volume than in those with normal mass and volume, but the sensitivity of individual voltage parameters in identifying increased mass and volume was poor. A negative T wave in lead l or V6 was the most sensitive indicator of increased left ventricular mass and volume, but the specificity of this variable was poor. The sensitivity of "high voltage" of the QRS complex was increased (67 percent true positives) when moderate to marked increase in left ventricular mass had occurred, but at the expense of decreased specificity (13 percent false positives). It is concluded that while an increase in left ventricular dimensions tends to be associated with an increase in QRS voltage and a repolarization abnormality, the currently used electrocardiographic criteria for the diagnosis of left ventricular hypertrophy are both insensitive and nonspecific.

Adult↗