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Biomedical subjects

M Domingo

Publications and source records attributed to M Domingo.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1999

Cytological and bacteriological findings in guttural pouch lavages of clinically normal horses.

Percutaneous washes of the guttural pouches were obtained from two groups of 15 clinically normal horses, one lightly exercised and the other heavily exercised. Microbiological and cytological studies showed a wide variation in the differential cell counts. The cytological pattern of the normal lavages (< 5 per cent neutrophils) was characterised by a large proportion of ciliated columnar epithelial cells, a few non-ciliated cuboidal epithelial cells, and less than 1 per cent monocytes, lymphocytes, and eosinophils. Abnormal lavages (with more than 5 per cent neutrophils) had higher levels of bacterial growth than normal lavages. There were significant differences between the bacterial growth and total cell count, and also between the neutrophil contents of the lavages from the two groups of horses.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus and Haemophilus parasuis antigen distribution in dually infected pigs.

Immunohistochemical, viral and bacterial isolation techniques were used to study the distribution and localization of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) and Haemophilus (H.) parasuis in experimentally infected pigs. Thirty pigs seronegative to PRRSV and H. parasuis were divided into four groups. Group A pigs (10 animals) were inoculated with both virus and bacteria; group B pigs (10 animals) were inoculated with bacteria, group C pigs (five animals) were inoculated with virus and group D pigs (five animals) were kept as negative controls. All pigs of groups A and C became infected with PRRSV, according to virological techniques used (immunohistochemistry, virus isolation and virus serology). Lung, heart and tonsils were the most frequently immunolabeled tissues, and monocyte/macrophage lineage cells were the target for PRRSV in all tissues. All pigs in groups A and B also became infected with H. parasuis based on immunohistochemical and bacterial isolation results. Serosal surfaces, lung and tonsils were the most frequently immunolabeled tissues, and bacteria were found in monocyte/macrophage lineage cells as well as within neutrophil cytoplasm. No differences in terms of bacterial distribution or localization in tissues of pigs of groups A and B were detected. These results suggest that there is no influence of the previous infection with PRRSV in the occurrence of H. parasuis infection.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

Pathological, immunohistochemical, and in-situ hybridization studies of natural cases of postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS) in pigs.

Fifteen pigs from five farms on which there had been a previous clinical and histopathological diagnosis of postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS) were investigated. At necropsy, enlargement of lymph nodes was the most obvious lesion; other lesions were non-collapsed lungs, ulceration of the gastric pars oesophagica, and cranioventral pulmonary consolidation. Microscopical lesions attributable to PMWS were found in lymphoid organs (including lymph nodes, tonsil, Peyer's patches and spleen), liver, kidney and lungs. Varying degrees of lymphocellular depletion, affecting both lymphoid follicles and parafollicular zones, and progressive multifocal to diffuse infiltration of lymphoid tissue by large histiocytic cells were the characteristic lesions. Syncytial cells were seen frequently, especially in lymphoid organs. A prominent finding was the presence of sharply demarcated, spherical, basophilic, cytoplasmic inclusions in histiocytic cells. The lymphoid lesions were suggestive of immunosuppression. Non-lymphoid lesions included interstitial pneumonia, periportal mononuclear inflammatory infiltration of the liver in varying degrees, and interstitial nephritis. Porcine circovirus (PCV) antigen and nucleic acid were regularly found in lymphoid organs, lung, liver and, to a lesser degree, kidney. Target cells for PCV replication included monocyte/macrophage lineage and antigen-presenting cells. To a lesser extent, epithelial cells such as renal tubular, bronchial and bronchiolar cells, endothelial cells, hepatocytes and lymphocytes were also labelled. One pig did not show PCV nucleic acid; sequence differences among different viral isolates are discussed as the probable cause of this lack of labelling by the in-situ hybridization PCV-specific probe.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

Repeated oral dosing with Listeria monocytogenes in mice as a model of central nervous system listeriosis in man.

Human listeriosis is a food-borne disease of immunosuppressed or previously healthy adults. The repeated oral administration of a sublethal dose (5x10(9)colony-forming units) of Listeria monocytogenes for 7 or 10 consecutive days led to the development of severe central nervous system (CNS) lesions in 25% of experimental mice. Histopathological examination of the brain revealed rhombencephalitis and ventriculitis as two distinct inflammatory patterns, resembling those seen in human listeriosis. This model would seem to be potentially useful for research on pathogenesis, predisposing factors and therapy in CNS listeriosis in man. 1999 W.B. Saunders and Company Ltd.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1999

Experimental inoculation of conventional pigs with tissue homogenates from pigs with post-weaning multisystemic wasting syndrome.

This report describes the experimental inoculation of conventional pigs with a tissue homogenate obtained from two pigs affected with postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS). Eight 2-month-old pigs were inoculated by the intranasal route, and two pigs were left as uninfected controls. Clinical signs, rectal temperatures and body weights were recorded. Pigs were necropsied at days 14 or 21 post-inoculation, and tissue samples were taken for histopathology and porcine circovirus (PCV) in-situ hybridization. Although only mild clinical signs of disease were observed, lesions of PMWS were seen, and PCV was shown to have been successfully transmitted to six of the eight pigs. Seroconversion of all inoculated pigs to PCV-2, but not to PCV-1, was also detected, suggesting that the PCV nucleic acid detected by in-situ hybridization in inoculated pigs corresponded to PCV-2. In conclusion, this report shows that PCV-2 is transmissible to pigs, and the inoculation of tissue homogenates containing the virus results in the development of PMWS-like lesions.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Porcine dermatitis and nephropathy syndrome in Spain.

In August 1995, the first case of porcine dermatitis and nephropathy syndrome was diagnosed in the north-eastern part of Spain; the pig showed characteristic dermal and renal lesions. Between then and January 1996, nine further animals from five different herds were diagnosed; they showed signs of anorexia, depression and, sometimes, pyrexia. Diarrhoea, Glässer's disease, conjunctivitis and gastric ulcers also occurred on the farms where the diagnoses were made. The affected pigs died of renal failure with diffuse fibrinous glomerulonephritis and a systemic necrotising vasculitis. Chronic interstitial nephritis, glomerulosclerosis and scar-like marks on the skin were observed in chronic cases. Other common findings in both acute and chronic cases were a diffuse depletion of lymph node lymphocytes with infiltration by syncytial cells (50 per cent of cases) and interstitial pneumonia. All the animals tested positive for porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) by serological tests and virus isolation. Serum urea and creatinine concentrations were above normal in the acutely affected animals. The pathogenesis of the condition is unknown but the lesions and immunopathological observations by other authors suggest that a type III hypersensitivity is a possible aetiology. The occurrence of PRRSV in these pigs suggests that the virus might be implicated in the pathogenesis of porcine dermatitis and nephropathy syndrome.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Ultrastructural study of porcine alveolar macrophages infected in vitro with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) virus, with and without Haemophilus parasuis.

Two experiments were designed to study ultrastructural changes in porcine alveolar macrophages (PAM) inoculated with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) virus (experiment 1) and with PRRS virus and Haemophilus parasuis (experiment 2). In both experiments, the viral infectious dose represented a "multiplicity of infection" of 1. Viral infection alone induced minimal ultrastructural changes at this dose, consisting only of an increase in lysosome numbers. Mixed viral and bacterial infection induced the production of greatly increased numbers of phagosomes and phagolysosomes. The PAM were of low efficacy in phagocytizing H. parasuis. PRRS virus infection had only a minimal effect on the phagocytosis of H. parasuis by PAM. It is suggested that the virus induces PAM activation rather than PAM destruction.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1998

Molecular resolution of marine turtle stock composition in fishery bycatch: a case study in the Mediterranean.

Based on an extensive sampling regime from both nesting populations and bycatch, frequency analyses of mitochondrial (mt) DNA control region haplotypes in the Mediterranean were used to assess the genetic structure and stock composition of the loggerhead sea turtle, Caretta caretta, in different marine fisheries. The analyses show the following. (i) In drifting longline fisheries working in Mediterranean pelagic habitats 53-55% of turtles caught originated from the Mediterranean stock; (ii) In bottom-trawl fisheries all turtle bycatch is derived from this regional stock; (iii) This regional stock contribution to fishery bycatch suggests that the population size of the Mediterranean loggerhead nesting population is significantly larger than previously thought. This is consistent with a recent holistic estimate based on the discovery of a large rookery in Libya. (iv) Present impact of fishery-related mortality on the Mediterranean nesting population is probably incompatible with its long-term conservation. Sea turtle conservation regulations are urgently needed for the Mediterranean fisheries. (v) The significant divergence of mtDNA haplotype frequencies of the Turkish loggerhead colonies define this nesting population as a particularly important management unit. Large immature and adult stages from this management unit seem to be harvested predominantly by Egyptian fisheries. (vi) Combined with other data, our findings suggest that all the nesting populations in the Mediterranean should be considered as management units sharing immature pelagic habitats throughout the Mediterranean (and possibly the eastern Atlantic), with distinct and more localized benthic feeding habitats in the eastern basin used by large immatures and adults. (vii) Between the strict oceanic pelagic and the benthic stages, immature turtles appear to live through an intermediate neritic stage, in which they switch between pelagic and benthic foods.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Intestinal cryptococcosis in a common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus).

A five-year-old female common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus) died after a one-month clinical course of nonspecific signs. Pathologic findings were acute diffuse fibrinonecrotizing enteritis and granulomatous endolymphangitis of intestinal and mesenteric lymphatic vessels. Both lesions were associated with a marked proliferation of Mayer's mucicarmine-positive, 4 to 15 microm yeasts that were surrounded by a wide clear halo. The infection was probably acquired by oral route. Other findings included moderate multifocal granulomatous and necrotizing hepatitis and mesangial nephropathy. Although the immunological status of this marmoset was unknown, cryptococcosis might induce primary lethal intestinal infections in callitrichids.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Nasal granuloma caused by Scedosporium apiospermum in a dog.

A 10-month-old male American Staffordshire terrier was presented to the Autonomous University of Barcelona Veterinary Teaching Hospital because of a 6-month history of a mucopurulent bilateral nasal discharge. The dog had not responded to antibiotics. A follow-up X ray revealed a mixed pattern of osteolysis and increased radiodensity confined to the nasal cavity. Histologic sections of the biopsy specimens revealed the presence of granules containing numerous septate hyphae that were hyaline to pale brown and smooth, one-celled, subspherical-to-elongate conidia that were hyaline to brownish green, and bacteria. Cultures yielded numerous colonies belonging to Scedosporium apiospermum. Susceptibility tests were performed on the isolated strain. The isolate was sensitive to ketoconazole, intermediate to clotrimazole, and resistant to amphotericin B, 5-fluorocytosine, fluconazole, and itraconazole. The dog was treated with oral ketoconazole. During the treatment a general improvement in the lesions was observed. To our knowledge, S. apiospermum has not been implicated previously as an etiologic agent of nasal disease in dogs. This report provides its first description as such.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Prolonged persistence of Listeria monocytogenes after intragastric infection in corticosteroid-treated mice.

In an attempt to obtain a model more closely resembling natural listeriosis, we studied the course of infection in mice inoculated by the intragastric route with Listeria monocytogenes. Corticosteroid-treated, and untreated mice both developed subclinical infection without mortality, but faecal shedding and persistence of bacteria in the liver and spleen of corticosteroid-treated mice were significantly more protracted than in untreated mice. Untreated mice cleared the bacteria from their livers and spleens by day 5 postinfection (PI), whereas treated mice did not clear the organisms until 8-9 days PI. In untreated mice faecal shedding lasted 5 days PI, whereas in treated mice the organisms were recovered at significantly higher levels until day 9 PI. The only intestinal lesions observed were mild pyogranulomatous changes in the dome area of some Peyer's patches in treated mice.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Penetration of Listeria monocytogenes in mice infected by the oral route.

In this study, it is suggested that the Peyer's patches are the most important point of entry of Listeria monocytogenes in the host after subclinical infection by the oral route. Microbiological, histopathological and ultrastructural evidence of infection was obtained in mice inoculated with a sublethal dose of 10(9) cfu. No mortality was observed. L. monocytogenes was isolated from the mesenteric lymph nodes from 6 hours post infection (hpi) through day 7 p.i. and from the liver and spleen from 24 h p.i. until days 5 and 7 p.i. respectively. Lesions were mainly restricted to the dome area of Peyer's patches and consisted of a purulent to pyogranulomatous inflammatory reaction. Scarce and minor lesions were also observed in the mesenteric lymph nodes and liver. L. monocytogenes was detected by immunohistochemistry in the Peyer's patches from 12 h p. i. to day 6 p.i. Ultrastructural study of Peyer's patches showed that the majority of Listeria cells were free within the cytoplasm of neutrophils and macrophages, not surrounded by a phagosomal membrane, and some of them were dividing.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Immunohistochemical demonstration of the spread of pneumotropic strain 4892 of Aujeszky's disease virus in conventional pigs.

Sixteen pigs aged 5 to 7 weeks were inoculated intranasally with the pneumotropic strain 4892 of Aujeszky's disease virus (ADV) in a dose of 2 x 10(5) TCID50. Pigs died or were killed on day 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10, 12, 20 or 30 post-inoculation (PI). Two further pigs were kept as negative (uninfected) controls. Histopathological examination demonstrated meningoencephalitis, necrotizing rhinitis and multifocal systemic necrosis. Viral antigen was detected immunohistochemically, mainly in the central nervous system up to day 12 PI, and to a lesser degree in the lung, nasal mucosa and tonsil. ADV DNA was detected at days 20 and 30 PI by a nested polymerase chain reaction technique. This study indicated that the spread of the highly virulent, pneumotropic strain 4892 did not differ from that of other neurotropic or pneumotropic ADV strains.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

The insertion element IS 6110 is a useful tool for DNA fingerprinting of Mycobacterium bovis isolates from cattle and goats in Spain.

A total of 129 Mycobacterium bovis strains from 5 different Spanish locations were fingerprinted using the IS6110 repetitive element. We demonstrated the presence of multiple copies (from 2 to 13) of IS6110 in a large proportion (47.4%) of the M.bovis strains isolated from cattle and we showed that these strains can be successfully differentiated by means of the RFLP with IS6110. All of the M. bovis strains isolated from goats had multiple copies of IS6110 and 4 bands of 2, 1.7, 1.4 and 1.3 kb were common in all the caprine RFLP patterns. The caprine strains formed a clearly separate cluster from the bovine strains.

Animals↗