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Biomedical subjects

M Downie

Publications and source records attributed to M Downie.

8 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Pharyngeal airway space changes after counterclockwise rotation of the maxillomandibular complex.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of double-jaw surgery with counterclockwise rotation of the maxillomandibular complex on the pharyngeal airway space and velopharyngeal anatomy in patients with high occlusal plane facial morphology. Fifty patients (22 men, 28 women) with high occlusal plane facial morphology underwent double-jaw surgery with counterclockwise rotation of the maxillomandibular complex. The patients were divided into 2 groups: group 1, 30 patients (8 men, 22 women) who underwent maxillary and mandibular advancement and group 2, 20 patients (14 men, 6 women) who underwent maxillary advancement and mandibular setback. Presurgery and postsurgery lateral cephalometric radiographs were analyzed to correlate changes in pharyngeal airway space dimensions and velopharyngeal anatomy with maxillary and mandibular positional changes. The calibration showed a more than 0.94 correlation for both intra- and interoperator error. The average follow-up time was 29.6 months in group 1 and 22.2 months in group 2. Mean maxillary surgical change at point A was 4.15 mm in group 1 and 2.5 mm in group 2. Mean mandibular surgical change at the genial tubercles was 7.5 mm in group 1 and -4.95 mm in group 2. After surgery, group 1 patients had an increase in pharyngeal airway space of 47% at the soft palate and 76% at the base of the tongue relative to the amount of mandibular advancement. Group 2 patients had a decrease in pharyngeal airway space of 47% at the soft palate and 65% at the base of the tongue relative to the amount of mandibular setback. Double-jaw surgery with counterclockwise rotation of the maxillomandibular complex significantly affects the pharyngeal airway space and velopharyngeal anatomy in patients with high occlusal plane facial morphology, with both mandibular advancement and setback.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

New reference reagent for the quality assurance of anti-D antibody detection.

A UK BTS-NIBSC freeze-dried anti-D preparation has been prepared and used to monitor the performance of routine antibody detection tests and of the test operators. With the day-to-day use of this preparation, adverse changes in test performance and in test operator may be detected and appropriate action taken before the effect becomes significant. Two dilutions of this preparation have been defined, one which should be detected unequivocally in every test; the other, more dilute, may not be detected in every test but is used to monitor changes in performance. Experience with the use of this preparation is reported from three test centres undertaking routine antibody detection tests. By monitoring results over a series of working days, significant differences were noted in operator performance within one test centre, as was a reduced sensitivity of a given test system within one test centre compared with the same system in the other test centres. These differences were detected only by monitoring the results obtained with this preparation.

Coombs Test↗
PubMed1990

Australian trial of topical minoxidil and placebo in early male pattern baldness.

One hundred and sixty nine men with early male pattern baldness (androgenic alopecia) were treated in a random, double-blind fashion with either 2% minoxidil solution or placebo vehicle for 24 weeks, one ml applied twice daily. After 24 weeks all patients received the active solution until week 48. After 24 weeks the minoxidil treated patients had increased their non-vellus hair counts significantly more than the placebo treated group; means were 37.6 and 8.8 hairs per reference area, 95% C.I. for difference = 10.85 to 60.75. The rate of non-vellus hair regrowth was also greater among minoxidil treated patients than placebo treated patients. Nine (12.5%) evaluable minoxidil treated patients compared with 2 (2.7%) evaluable placebo treated patients reported moderate or dense hair regrowth at week 24. Minimal regrowth was reported by 18 (25%) active group and 15 (20%) placebo group patients. The investigators considered that 3 (2%) of the minoxidil group and none of the placebo group had moderate hair regrowth and that none had dense regrowth. After 48 weeks treatment 28 (23%) patients considered that they had moderate hair regrowth and the investigators considered that 14 (12%) patients had moderate regrowth. None had dense growth. No serious adverse reactions or deaths were reported. Minoxidil solution appeared to be an efficacious and safe treatment for early androgenic alopecia.

Administration, Cutaneous↗
PubMed1984

Quantitation of antibody binding to erythrocytes in LISS.

The amount of antibody bound to cells in a low ionic strength solution (LISS) has been quantitated for several antibodies including anti-D, anti-c, anti-Kell, anti-Fya, and anti-Jka. With the exception of the Kell antibodies there was an enhancement of the rate of antibody uptake in LISS. For Rh antibodies the amount bound after a 5-min LISS incubation is comparable to that bound after 45 min in saline. For Kell antibodies a smaller amount was bound in LISS than in saline. The effect of the ratio of serum to cells was also studied, and with several antibodies there was an increase in the amount of antibody bound with a higher serum to cell ratio irrespective of suspending medium. For Kell antibodies this ratio appears to be of greater importance than the ionic strength for antibody detection. A modification to the LISS method to increase the serum to cell ratio is, therefore, presented.

Antigen-Antibody Complex↗