PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

M Driver

Publications and source records attributed to M Driver.

31 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Normal venous circulation of the gastroesophageal junction. A route to understanding varices.

A study into the normal anatomy of the venous circulation of the gastroesophageal junction was undertaken using three complementary techniques (radiology, corrosion casting, and morphometry). Four distinct zones of venous drainage were defined as follows: (a) gastric zone, characterized by a longitudinal venous distribution; (b) palisade zone, composed of parallel vessels arranged in groups, lying mainly within the lamina propria; (c) perforating zone, characterized by "treble clef" shaped veins, which collect and channel blood into extrinsic veins; and (d) truncal zone, composed of four or five deep lying descending veins. This venous system appeared to be mainly distributed within the esophageal mucosal folds. The anatomic pattern suggests that venous flow is bidirectional at the palisade zone, which acts as a high-resistance watershed region between the portal and azygos systems. In patients with portal hypertension this normal vascular system has to accommodate greatly increased venous flow, and the anatomy as demonstrated here offers insight into variceal development.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

Morphometry of the second trimester fetal brain. Comparison of ultrasonographic and post-mortem findings.

With the increasing use of ultrasound examination in the antenatal period the lack of morphological correlates has become a problem. This study was carried out in order to correct this deficiency. An antenatal real-time ultrasound scan of the fetal head was performed and measurements of the biparietal diameter, occipitofrontal diameter, head circumference and cerebral ventricle-to-hemisphere ratio were undertaken in 103 fetuses at 13-24 weeks gestation. After prostaglandin termination of pregnancy, the fetal brains were perfused in situ through the right carotid artery with 10% formal saline. Horizontal slices of the fetal head were cut, photographs were obtained and measurements of the same parameters as in the ultrasound examination were undertaken. There is a significant correlation (p less than 0.001) between the ultrasonographic and post-mortem measurements of all parameters. Also several anatomical structures of the fetal brain are now confidently identified in the antenatal ultrasound scan, using the anatomical preparations for comparison.

Brain↗
PubMed1986

A form of necrobiosis and atrophy of smooth muscle in diabetic gastric autonomic neuropathy.

Pathological changes identified in the muscular wall of the stomach from two young insulin-dependent diabetic patients suffering from severe gastric autonomic neuropathy are presented. Scattered smooth muscle cells appearing as homogeneous round eosinophilic bodies ("M" bodies) among areas of sub-total smooth muscle cell atrophy together with intercellular collagen proliferation were identified in the muscularis propria of the stomach. Ultrastructurally, the "M" bodies are transformed smooth muscle cells undergoing a form of necrobiosis with peculiar intracellular features. These changes appear characteristic of end-stage diabetic gastric autonomic neuropathy when compared with other pathological conditions involving the gastric wall. The degree and extent of involvement of the various components of the gastric wall are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Immunohistochemical detection of Ca antigen in normal, dysplastic and neoplastic squamous epithelia of the human uterine cervix.

Immunohistochemical staining was performed on biopsies and cytological samples from normal, dysplastic and neoplastic squamous epithelia using the monoclonal Ca 1 antibody. The results of staining 92 biopsies and 20 cytological samples are described and it is reported that positive staining with Ca 1 antibody was detected in normal, dysplastic and neoplastic epithelia. The role of the Ca 1 antibody in the study of cervical cancer is discussed.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1984

Demonstration of an epitope of the transferrin receptor in human cervical epithelium--a potentially useful cell marker.

The distribution of an epitope of the transferrin receptor in the human uterine cervical epithelium has been investigated. Immunohistochemical staining, both immunofluorescent and immunoperoxidase, was performed on biopsy specimens and cytological samples from normal, dysplastic, and neoplastic cervical epithelia using the monoclonal OKT9 antibody. The results of staining 145 cervical biopsy specimens with OKT9 showed widespread staining in all malignant epithelia and most severely dysplastic epithelia. No such staining was seen in either normal epithelia or in mildly dysplastic epithelia apart from the staining of the basal cell layer in some normal epithelia. The incidence of staining in the 50 cervical cytocentrifuge preparations was not as high as that in the 145 tissue sections. The potential role of the OKT9 antibody in both the screening of cervical cytocentrifuge preparations and the prediction of malignancy is discussed. The antibody is considered to be of more value in the examination of biopsy material than of cytocentrifuge preparations.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1982

Percutaneous lung biopsy: experiences during the first 54 biopsies.

The first 54 consecutive percutaneous aspiration biopsies of pulmonary lesions of an ongoing prospective trial performed in this hospital between July 1977 and March 1980 have been evaluated. The technique was found to be safe and provided a reliable and rapid diagnosis. An overall diagnostic accuracy of 83% was achieved. In malignant lesions a correct diagnosis was made in 85% of biopsies. These results are compared with other workers using the same technique and with fiberoptic bronchoscopy and sputum cytology. Aspiration is recommended as an excellent alternative to other more established techniques, particularly in the diagnosis of the peripheral lesion.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Results of surgery in 88 consecutive cases of extrahepatic biliary atresia.

Of 88 cases of extrahepatic biliary atresia, satisfactory bile flow has been established in 46% of the patients who have undergone portoenterostomies and in 25% of patients with hepaticojejunostomies. Histological analysis of the extrahepatic biliary tissue has not shown a consistent correlation with outcome of operation, except that the patients with one or two large residual ducts lined with columnar epithelium have a better chance of developing bile flow. Cholangitis developed in 43% of the cases, and co-trimoxazole was not shown to have any beneficial effect in a small prospective trial in 18 patients. Severe haemorrhage from oesophageal varices has occurred in 4 jaundice-free survivors. Seventeen patients are now over 3 years of age and thriving but many show persistent elevation of liver enzymes.

Bile Ducts↗
PubMed1979

Value of cytology for detecting endometrial abnormalities in climacteric women receiving hormone replacement therapy.

Over six months 113 endometrial specimens from 110 menopausal women receiving hormone replacement therapy were examined by two cytologists and two histopathologists. Specimens were obtained by aspiration with the Isaacs cell sampler immediately before Vabra suction curettage, both procedures being performed in the outpatient department without anaesthetic. The histologists agreed with each other on the classification of 85 specimens (75.2%) and the cytologists agreed on the classification of 44 (38.9%). In only 15 cases (13.3%) did all four observers agree. Of the three cases of cystic or adenomatous hyperplasia detected histologically, only one was diagnosed by cytology. Furthermore, both cases of adenocarcinoma escaped detection by cytology, though a third case--later confirmed-"was suspected by one cytologist alone. Use of the Isaacs endometrial cell sampler cannot be advocated for routine screening of women with climacteric symptoms receiving hormone replacement therapy. Efforts should be made to establish the correct dose and duration of treatment with an oestrogen-progestogen preparation in order to avoid over-stimulating the endometrium and the need for regular screening for endometrial abnormalities.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1979

A simplified score for assessment of fetal maturation of newly born infants.

A simplified scoring system for clinically determining fetal maturation of newly born infants has been developed and provides accurate assessment of gestational age in either well or sick babies. Certain conditions render individual criteria within the score less reliable but do not significantly lessen the reliability of the total assessment. The optimal age for maturational assessment is between 30 and 42 hours of age.

Evaluation Studies as Topic↗