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Biomedical subjects

M Dusek

Publications and source records attributed to M Dusek.

15 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2004

Multiple fibroepithelial polyps of the upper ureter in a 17-year-old boy--case report and review of the literature.

Benign tumours and primary malignant tumours of the ureter are uncommon in adults and extremely rare in children. The clinical symptoms are flank pain, urinary tract infection, and macro/micro-haematuria. There is an incomplete ureteral obstruction and filling defect on intravenous urography (IVU). Optimum treatment of this lesion results in renal preservation. Uretero-renoscopy is currently the best method available for the identification and histological diagnosis of ureteral polyps. Recommended operative procedures are pyeloureteric junction (PUJ) resection with Anderson-Hynes pyeloplasty, ureteric resection with end-to-end anastomosis or with uretero-cysto-neoanastomosis (UCNA), ureteric resection with renal autotransplantation. Ureteronephrectomy is not indicated. A case of ureteral polyps in a 17-year-old boy with the chief complaint of left flank pain is reported here. The excretory urogram and renal scan showed left hydronephrosis. Resection of the pyeloureteral junction, partial resection of the upper ureter containing the lesions--multiple branching 30-40 mm long polyps with a common basis--and Anderson-Hynes pyeloplasty were performed. The pathological diagnosis was benign fibroepithelial polyps of the ureter. Convalescence was uneventful and after 4 years of follow-up, excretory urogram and ultrasonography showed good renal function and improvement of hydronephrosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

[Uncommon clinical aspects of appendicitis].

During the period between 1980-2000 at the authors department 5114 children with acute appendicitis were operated (on average 245 per year). From this period the year 1999 was selected when 160 children were operated on account of acute appendicitis. Thirty-eight children had an advanced finding--gangrenous appendicitis or an abscess. Gangrenous appendicitis or empyema of the appendix without perforation were recorded in 16 patients (10%), gangrenous appendicitis with perforation in 9 patients (5.6%), a periappendicular abscess in 13 (8.1%), phlegmonous appendicitis was recorded in 108 patients (67.5%) and in 14 patients the histological examination revealed mesenterial lymphadenitis (8.7%). The authors demonstrate on selected case-histories the problem of appendicitis not recognized in time and appendicitis with an atypical course. They draw attention to the uncommon clinical course in 5 patients where at first a tumour of the upper mediastinum, tumour of the abdominal cavity, twice diarrhoeal disease and a tumour in the lesser pelvis was suspected. The authors emphasize that even at a time when special examinations are available (ultrasonography, computed tomgraphy) it is important to make repeated clinical examinations of the patients at least in the course of three days.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed2001

[Treatment of hypospadias in childhood].

The aim of the paper is to compare different techniques of correction of hypospadias with the author's own group of patients and to compare the results with those achieved at other departments. Between 1992-1999 at the Department of Paediatric Surgery, Teaching Hospital Motol 348 operations were made in 219 boys. A plastic operation with a distal shift of the urethra a and conization of the glans in 112 patients predominated. Other methods included in 39 patients the creation of a ventral circumference of the urethra from the inner laver of the prepuce while preserving the urethral plate ("onlay island flap") and a parameatally everted flap according to Mathieu in 11 patients. A plastic operation by complete tubulization of the inner laver of the prepuce was used in 19 patients, in 2 boys the method of Duplay-Byars tubulization of the urethral plate. In one patient the urethra was replaced by a free flap as described by Nove Josserand. Another 129 operations included formerly used and now abandoned two-stage operations to straighten the penis, operations to reconstruct the prepuce and operations on account of complications. The latter comprised 16.4% fistulae, 9.58% dehiscences and 1.36% strictures.

Child↗
PubMed2000

Modulated structure of La2Co1.7 from neutron and X-ray diffraction data

An La(2)Co(1.7) crystal was investigated by single-crystal neutron and X-ray diffraction. The neutron measurement was performed with a Laue white-beam technique at 15 K and room temperature, using a large position-sensitive detector. The X-ray measurements were obtained at room temperature from a CCD detector. The average structure of La(2)Co(1.7) is hexagonal with cell parameters a = 4. 885 (1), c = 4.273 (2) A and space group P6(3)/mmc. The satellites are located at the vertices of small hexagons perpendicular to the c axis. The modulated crystal was indexed assuming a sixfold twinned 3 + 1 dimensional structure with q = (alpha, 0, gamma). The structure was solved in the pseudoorthorhombic cell, with a = 8.461 (1), b = 4. 885 (1), c = 4.273 (2) A, in the superspace group C2/m(alpha, 0, gamma). Owing to space requirements, the Co atoms cannot fit precisely into the octahedral sites of the La h.c.p. (hexagonal close packing). Instead, the Co atoms adopt a different periodicity, which is not commensurate with the periodicity of the La atoms. Two structure models have been refined in order to describe this behaviour, one using the sawtooth function for the positional modulation of cobalt and the other describing the structure as a composite system. The chemical composition calculated from the composite model is La(2)Co(1.8 (1)) with the estimated standard deviation arising from the variation of q for different samples. In both models lanthanum is incommensurately modulated, while the position of cobalt seems not to be affected by any relative periodic displacement.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1999

Determination of the modulated structure of Sr14/11CoO3 through a (3 + 1)-dimensional space description and using non-harmonic ADPs.

Sr(14/11)CoO(3) (i.e. Sr(14)Co(11)O(33), tetradecastrontium undecacobalt tritriacontaoxide), a new phase in the hexagonal perovskite Sr(x)CoO(3) system, has been prepared and its structure solved from single-crystal X-ray data within the (3 + 1)-dimensional formalism. Sr(14/11)CoO(3) crystallizes in the trigonal symmetry, R3;m(00gamma)0s superspace group with the following lattice parameters: a(s) = 9.508 (2), c(s) = 2.5343 (7) Å, q = 0.63646 (11)c(*) and V(s) = 198.40 (13) Å(3). With the commensurate versus incommensurate test not being conclusive, the structure was considered as commensurate (P32 three-dimensional space group), but refined within the (3 + 1)-dimensional formalism to a residual factor R = 0.0351 for 47 parameters and 1169 independent reflections. Crenel functions were used for the oxygen and cobalt description and a Gram-Charlier expansion up to the third order of the atomic displacement parameter was employed for one Co atom. The structure is similar to that of Sr(6/5)CoO(3), but with a different sequence of the octahedra and trigonal prism polyhedra along the [CoO(3)] chains. An interesting feature evidenced by the non-harmonic expansion is the displacement of the prismatic Co atoms from the site center, towards the prism rectangular faces.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1998

[Use of duplex sonography in selecting the most suitable part of the great saphenous vein (parva) for myocardial revascularization].

The submitted investigation deals with the first experiences with duplex sonography using to evaluate the superficial vein system on patients before aortocoronary bypass grafting. We examined 40 patients. In all cases we already could evaluate the quality of vein bed (diameter, anatomy, pathology) before operation and we could determine the best part of vein bed for harvesting. The advantages of this noninvasive method are smaller number of incisions (it results in better healing with less wound infectious complications), better quality and shorter time of harvesting.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

Masticatory function in patients with xerostomia.

The effects of reduced salivary output in patients suffering from xerostomia on masticatory function has not been previously studied. This study compares masticatory performance and kinematic activity of patients suffering from xerostomia with age-, sex-, and number of occluding pairs-matched healthy controls. Masticatory function was evaluated by assessment of chewing motion and muscle activity during chewing an artificial food (CutterSil), chewing gum and swallowing a bolus of almond. Chewing motion was recorded with the Optotrak computer system. Bilateral muscle activity of both masseter and anterior temporalis was recorded using surface electrodes. Results of this study revealed significant differences between patients and controls in their ability to process food and masticatory muscle activity. The majority of patients could not break down the artificial food, others had a larger median particle size than the controls. A significant difference was also observed in the number of chewing cycles required to swallow almonds, the patients required more than twice as many chews as the controls, P < 0.001. The right masseter muscle displayed significantly less activity for the patient than the controls. These findings suggest that patients with xerostomia exhibit reduced ability to process food. The observed decline in masticatory performance is probably due to reduced activity of the muscles of mastication.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

Pulpal effects of a high rep rate Nd:YAG laser.

Molar teeth in male rats were used in this study to assess the effects of enamel surface treatments of pulp survivability. The occlusal surfaces of the first and third molars in each quadrant were treated with an Nd:YAG laser (Pulsemaster, Incisive Technologies, Inc.) using a 300-mum contact tip fiber, in a figure-8 motion, for a 30 sec ablation time. The second molars were not treated. Energy parameters/animal were as follows: (1) 0.6 W, 30 mJ energy, and 20 Hz, (2) 1.2 W, 30 mJ energy, and 40 Hz, (3) 1.8 W, 30 mJ energy, and 60 Hz, (4) 2.4 W, 30 mJ energy, and 80 Hz, (5) 0.6 W, 60 mJ energy, and 10 Hz, (6) 1.2 W, 60 mJ energy, and 20 Hz, (7) 1.8 W, 60 mJ energy, and 30 Hz, (8) 1.0 W, 100 mJ energy, and 10 Hz, and (9) 2.0 W, 100 mJ energy, and 20 Hz. Animals were sacrificed at two time periods (1 and 6 weeks, postoperatively). SEM analysis of enamel was performed at 2000x magnification to observe the parameter difference in surface quality. Microscopic examination of the histological samples was accomplished at 250x magnification. Surface analyses of tooth structure revealed a wide dispersion of enamel roughness, ranging from slightly etched to moderately cavitated. Power levels above 2.4 W exhibited significantly more roughness than lower energy parameters. Efforts were made to correlate the pulp biology effect with enamel surface condition to determine a safe threshold for survivability of the pulp tissue.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1992

[What is the risk of future development of ischemic heart disease in juvenile hypertensives?].

The investigation was focused on the incidence of some amenable risk factors of ischaemic heart disease in 51 adolescent men aged 15-19 years. The author compares the incidence of these risk factors in normotonics and hypertonics. The investigation revealed that the group of juvenile hypertonic subjects is from the aspect of future development of ischaemic heart disease at greater risk, as compared with the group of normotonic subjects. In families of juvenile hypertonic subjects the disease is more frequent in parents and grandparents and there are more frequent early deaths from this disease in the family. Juvenile hypertonics are more frequently obese and have a more risky level of serum cholesterol, as compared with adolescent normotonic subjects. The task of the general practitioner for children and adolescents is to detect by early screening and to include in dispensary care all subjects at risk and to recommend appropriate provisions to reduce the risk of development of ischaemic heart disease in adult age.

Adolescent↗