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Biomedical subjects

M E Abrams

Publications and source records attributed to M E Abrams.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1995

IFN-alpha induces MxA gene expression in cultured human corneal fibroblasts.

Treatment of certain human cells with Interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha) induces the synthesis of a 76 kDa protein designated MxA that is involved in resistance to viral infection. We have used a specific cDNA clone and monoclonal Ab to show that MxA is induced in IFN-alpha treated human corneal fibroblast cultures. Mx RNA was increased 23-fold and 45-fold after 5 and 9 h of IFN-alpha treatment, respectively. The MxA protein was detectable by immunoblotting at 5 hr after IFN treatment and peaked at 17 hr. Concentrations of IFN-alpha as low as 1 U/ml induced detectable amounts of MxA, and expression was maximal at 1 x 10(3) U ml-1. These results confirm that MxA synthesis is induced in human corneal fibroblasts treated with IFN-alpha.

Antiviral Agents↗
PubMed1993

Interferon-alpha and interferon-gamma induced modulation of proteins in human corneal fibroblasts.

Little is known about the effects of interferon (IFN) on cell function in the eye. We have analyzed the effect of INF-alpha and IFN-gamma on the expression of proteins in cultured human corneal fibroblasts. Treatment with IFN-alpha increased the synthesis of proteins of 84, 76, 52, and 28 kD and decreased the synthesis of a 72-kD protein. Treatment with IFN-gamma increased the synthesis of proteins of 83, 66, 64, 54, and 47 kD. The effect of IFN-alpha and IFN-gamma were first detected at 5-9 h and 9 h, respectively, after the addition of the IFNs and were maximal at 17 and 24 h, respectively. Most of the changes were seen at doses of 1 x 10(1) to 1 x 10(2) U/ml of IFN-alpha or IFN-gamma and were maximal at 1 x 10(2) to 1 x 10(3) U/ml. Thus, each IFN induced distinct proteins based on apparent molecular weight and isoelectric point. These results show that IFN-alpha and IFN-gamma affect the synthesis of small groups of distinct proteins in human corneal fibroblasts.

Cells, Cultured↗
PubMed1992

Enhanced inhibition of herpes simplex virus type 1 growth in human corneal fibroblasts by combinations of interferon-alpha and -gamma.

Trials testing the topical treatment of herpes simplex virus (HSV) ocular infections with single interferons (IFN) have provided mixed results. To determine if combination therapy with IFN may be more effective, the ability of combinations of IFN-alpha and IFN-gamma to inhibit HSV growth in human corneal fibroblasts (HCF) was assessed. Virus yields were reduced 282-fold and 37-fold, respectively, in HCF treated with either IFN-alpha or IFN-gamma (10(3) units/mL each). In cells treated with a combination of IFN-alpha and IFN-gamma (10(3) units/mL each), an average reduction of 5.1 x 10(5)-fold in the yield of infectious virus was achieved. Combinations of IFN-alpha and IFN-gamma considerably enhanced the antiviral effect in HCF, suggesting that combination treatment may be efficacious against ocular HSV infections; these findings provide a possible explanation at the cellular level for the poor results achieved in previous clinical trials.

Cells, Cultured↗
PubMed1987

Adolescent sexual abuse: clinical discussion of a community treatment response.

Adolescent sexual abuse is an overwhelming issue for society and the medical community. Adolescent medicine has only begun to emerge in the mainstream of medical practice. Sexual medicine, adolescent chemical dependency, and abusive medicine are emerging subspecialties of mainstream medicine, with victimization syndromes just beginning to be explored. Adolescent sexual abuse, sexual addiction disorders, family incest, eating disorders, depression, and suicide in adolescents all need to be viewed from epidemiologically regarding family and community orientation. I refer to physician and troubled adolescent relations as the quadruple passivity syndrome. The ego-centered, troubled adolescent denies he or she has problems but no desire for treatment; the physician denies that the adolescent has health problems and has no desire to evaluate them. Physicians need to take an aggressive role in identifying, treating, and preventing the victimization process in children, adolescents, adults, spouses, families, and geriatric patients. Physicians need to be trained to identify these patients and to develop treatment protocols. The victimization syndrome needs more research, publication, and surveillance by all medical associations, but primarily by family physicians and pediatricians. In conclusion this clinical discussion describes four main points: Sexually abused adolescents can be successfully treated by a multidisciplinary advocacy team. A community multidisciplinary team can work in a unified approach for the good of the community by putting an end to future generations of victimized adolescents and families. The medical community has the greatest challenge in training, educating, and becoming more aware about adolescent sexual abuse. The community must provide support for victims of sexual abuse.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Costs of tests.

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Clinical Laboratory Techniques↗
PubMed1969

Oral glucose tolerance and related factors in a normal population sample. I. Blood sugar, plasma insulin, glyceride, and cholesterol measurements and the effects of age and sex.

Oral glucose tolerance tests were performed on 220 people, a representative sample of the employees of a large pharmaceutical company. Blood sugar and plasma immunoreactive insulin levels were measured on each sample of venous blood obtained before and at half-hourly intervals for two hours after 50 g. of glucose by mouth; plasma cholesterol and glycerides were measured on the fasting sample only.Women had higher mean insulin levels throughout the test, though their mean blood sugar levels were higher only at 90 and 120 minutes. In both sexes there were positive correlations between age and the levels of blood sugar, plasma cholesterol, and plasma glycerides. Though the levels of glucose rose with age, those of insulin did not.

Adult↗
PubMed1969

Oral glucose tolerance and related factors in a normal population sample. II. Interrelationship of glycerides, cholesterol, and other factors with the glucose and insulin response.

The data available from the previous paper have been analysed to determine the interaction between the blood sugar and plasma insulin responses to oral glucose and a number of other biological variables. The total sugar and insulin responses were derived by calculating the total area and the incremental area under the curves.The blood sugar area was significantly correlated with age in both men and women, particularly the former. A striking degree of correlation was found in men between the level of fasting glycerides and the blood sugar area. There was a significant correlation also in women, but this was entirely due to the presence of the older, postmenopausal individuals. A lower degree of correlation was found in both sexes between fasting glycerides and the insulin area.Obesity, as defined by three interrelated factors-ponderal index, triceps fat-fold thickness, and arm girth -was significantly correlated with the insulin area (the association being stronger in the men) and with the blood sugar area only in men.The fasting cholesterol level was correlated with obesity in both sexes but with the blood sugar area and the insulin area only in men.

Adult↗