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Biomedical subjects

M E Bein

Publications and source records attributed to M E Bein.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1994

Spontaneous regression of interval benign cysts of the breast.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the natural history of nonpalpable interval breast cysts detected at mammography and diagnosed at sonography in an asymptomatic female population. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The imaging records of 5,000 consecutive patients (aged 35-77 years [mean, 51 years]) seen in one breast center over a 6-month period were reviewed. Serial studies of those patients with documented evidence of interval benign breast cysts were evaluated for the subsequent course of such lesions with regard to regression, stability, or enlargement seen at mammography. RESULTS: Interval cysts were found in 53 patients (68 cysts), approximately 1% of the studied population. More than half of these lesions spontaneously regressed in 1 year, most of them completely. By 2 years, nearly two-thirds had regressed. By 5 years, only 12% of the lesions had not shown regression. CONCLUSION: Interval breast cyst formation is not uncommon, and most of these benign lesions will undergo spontaneous regression or remain stable. Further intervention is not required for interval benign cysts.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Computed tomography of the anterior mediastinum in myasthenia gravis. A radiologic-pathologic correlative study.

Chest radiographs and computed tomographic (CT) scans of the mediastinum were correlated with pathologic findings of the thymus following thymectomy in 57 patients with myasthenia gravis. Based on the patient's age and the overall morphology of the anterior mediastinum, CT scans were assigned one of four grades in an attempt to predict thymus pathologic findings. Using this grading, 14 of 16 cases of thymoma were suspected or definitely diagnosed. One of the two cases not diagnosed on CT was a microscopic tumor. There were no false-positive diagnoses in 11 cases graded as definitely thymoma. We conclude that thymoma can be sensitively diagnosed in patients older than 40 years of age. However, thymoma cannot be predicted with a high level of confidence in patients younger than 40 because of the difficulty in differentiating normal thymus or hyperplasia from thymoma. Recommendations for the use of CT in the preoperative evaluation of myasthenic patients are presented.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Benign molar pregnancies: pulmonary complications.

Cardiopulmonary dysfunction has been observed after the removal of benign hydatidiform mole. Of 60 cases reviewed with benign trophoblastic disease, five developed respiratory complications. Two patients developed pulmonary edema that progressed to adult respiratory distress syndrome. Autopsy of two patients showed no evidence of pulmonary trophoblastic emboli. Possible etiologies for the pulmonary findings, including trophoblastic emboli, hypervolemia, disseminated intravascular coagulation, and hyperthyroidism, are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Intralesional BCG injection of pulmonary neoplasms: radiographic findings.

A clinical trial has been established to evaluate the use of intralesional bacillus Calmette Guérin (BCG) immunotherapy as an adjunct to surgery in resectable pulmonary neoplasms. BCG was injected percutaneously under fluoroscopic guidance into a single nodule in each of 21 patients with resectable primary and metastatic pulmonary neoplasms. Eighteen of 21 infected nodules increased in size and nine became poorly defined in the 2-4 week interval between BCG administration and resection. There was no change in those nodules that were not injected. The changes in the injected nodules were due to BCG-induced granulomatous inflammation and necrosis. BCG can be administered intralesionally into pulmonary neoplasms without significant complications (pneumothorax in nine, intrapleural injection in one). Preliminary observations suggest an improvement in disease-free interval. A prospective, randomized trial is planned to determine whether BCG immunotherapy will result in significantly improved survival in patients with primary and metastatic pulmonary neoplasms.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Pulmonary nodules: detection in 1 and 2 cm full lung linear tomography.

Pulmonary nodule detection was evaluated in full lung linear tomography at 1 and 2 cm intervals. Three radiologists independently reviewed 1 and 2 tomograms on 26 patients with 39 pulmonary nodules. Decisions made in each case included: (1) no nodule; (2) definite nodule(s); and (3) suspect nodule(s). The presence of nodules was determined by surgery, radiographic follow-up, or observer consensus. A significantly greater number of nodules was detected by all reviewers on the 1 cm tomograms. Of the 39 nodules, 72%-97% were detected as definite and 82%-100% were identified as definite or suspect. Factors relating to nodule detectability and observer performance are discussed. It is recommended that full lung linear tomography be performed at 1 cm intervals.

Evaluation Studies as Topic↗
PubMed1980

Anomalous left pulmonary artery: two new adult cases.

Two adult cases of anomalous left pulmonary artery (pulmonary artery sling) are described. Findings on plain radiography, conventional pluridirectional tomography, and barium esophagography led to diagnosis. Computed tomography (CT), not previously described in this anomaly, was done in each case, confirming the diagnosis and excluding other mediastinal abnormalities. Pulmonary arteriography was incidentally performed in one patient and was diagnostic. Tracheobronchial anomalies were seen in both cases. The authors suggest the diagnosis of anomalous left pulmonary artery may be made by noninvasive conventional methods and CT without the need for pulmonary arteriography.

Angiography↗
PubMed1979

The use of computed tomography to evaluate suspected mediastinal tumors.

Thirty patients with suspected mediastinal tumors were evaluated by computed tomography (CT) at UCLA Medical Center. Twenty patients with myasthenia gravis were examined for possible thymomas, benign and malignant; and 10 patients were studied for other mediastinal masses (including teratoma, seminoma, mediastinal lipomatosis, carcinoma, lymphoma, and paravertebral abscess). The CT scan was found useful in several respects: (1) yielding information not available by conventional radiographic techniques; (2) defining the anatomical location and extent of mediastinal tumors; (3) detecting pulmonary metastasis and involvement of mediastinal nodes in cases of malignancy; and (4) establishing the diagnosis of benign mediastinal fatty masses. On the basis of our early experience, we believe CT is a valuable adjunct in the preoperative assessment of patients with suspected mediastinal tumors.

Humans↗
PubMed1979

Plain film diaphragm view as adjunct to full lung tomography.

Full lung tomography with the addition of a plain film diaphragm view was performed on 319 patients. Information not evident on tomography was found on the additional view in 13% of the cases. The plain film diaphragm view is recommended as a simple and inexpensive adjunct to linear and pluridirectional full lung tomography.

Diaphragm↗
PubMed1979

Intralesional BCG immunotherapy of pulmonary tumors.

A new method of baccile Calmette Guérin (BCG) immunotherapy has been evaluated in 25 patients with lung cancer. This technique involves the direct intratumor injection of BCG in patients with pulmonary tumors. Four patients underwent transbronchoscopic injections of tumor, with significant resolution of tumor in three. Twenty-one patients underwent percutaneous injection with the aid of fluoroscopic imaging. Twenty of these 21 underwent pulmonary resection. Toxicity was limited to fever and malaise. The severity of this toxicity was closely related to the magnitude of reactivity to PPD. There were no intraoperative or postoperative complications occasioned by BCG injection. The histologic features were characterized by granulomatous inflammatory reactions in the tumors and the regional lymph nodes. These histologic findings are identical to those seen in animal tumor models in which potent systemic antitumor immunity is induced. BCG intratumor injection is technically feasible and safe, and it is appropriate to begin phase 2 and phase 3 clinical trials.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Computed tomography in the evaluation of mediastinal lipomatosis.

Mediastinal abnormalities can present a challenging differential diagnosis. One of the many causes of superior mediastinal widening is excess deposition of fat or mediastinal lipomatosis. Mediastinal widening was evaluated by routine chest radiography, conventional tomography, and computed tomography in four patients with steroid induced Cushing's syndrome or simple obesity. Computed tomography was the only modality that definitively diagnosed mediastinal lipomatosis in each case.

Cushing Syndrome↗
PubMed1978

Computer tomography of the anterior mediastinum in patients with myasthenia gravis and suspected thymoma.

Six patients with myasthenia gravis and suspected thymoma underwent radiologic investigation using plain chest radiography, conventional anterior mediastinal tomography, and computed tomography. All underwent exploratory thoractomy within 1 month of the radiologic workup. In three of the five cases that proved to be thymoma, CT yielded significant diagnostic information that bore directly on the management and/or prognosis of the patient. We therefore believe that CT may be a valuable adjunct in the radiologic investigation of the patient with myasthenia gravis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

A reevaluation of intrathoracic lymphadenopathy in sarcoidosis.

Chest radiographs of 62 patients with sarcoidosis and intrathoracic lymphadenopathy were evaluated retrospectively for anatomic distribution of lymph nodes. All but two cases had bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy. Approximately 75% of the patients had nodal enlargement in the right paratracheal or aortopulmonic window regions and about 20% in the subcarinal or anterior mediastinal areas. The most frequent combination of lymphadenopathy, found in 37% of cases, included the aortopulmonic window, bilateral hilar, and right paratracheal regions. Right paratracheal and bilateral hilar lymph node enlargement was seen in only three patients. Aortopulmonic window nodes were almost always found with hilar or hilar and mediastinal lymphadenopathy. Anterior mediastinal or subcarinal involvement was never found without some combination of right paratracheal, bilateral hillar, and aortopulmonic window lymphadenopathy. We therefore conclude that aortopulmonic window, anterior mediastinal, or subcarinal lymph node enlargement often accompany the characteristic lymphadenopathy of sarcoidosis.

Adult↗