Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to M E Berezovskiĭ.
Bronchial mucosal biopsy specimens from 40 children aged 6 to 14 years were examined, including 35 children with chronic pneumonia and 5 in whom the inflammatory process was consequent to bronchopulmonary developmental abnormalities. The ultrastructural changes revealed in the cilia are described in detail.
Biopsies of bronchial mucous membrane taken from 4 children with Kartagener's syndrome and 10 children with chronic pneumonia were examined electron microscopically. Structural changes in cilia and apical parts of cells are detected in all patients with Kartagener's syndrome. Cilial changes provoked by chronic inflammatory process are shown. The importance of ultrastructural investigations of bronchial mucous membrane cilia in the understanding of pathogenesis of chronic lung conditions in children is underlined.
Two varieties of nodular sialadenitis, acute nodular (15%) and chronic with exacerbation of the nodular type (19%), were distinguished basing on analysis of the material from 880 children dead from cytomegaly. Parotid glands were examined electron-microscopically in 2 cass of generalized and 6 cases of localized cytomegaloviral infection. Basing on the histoenzymochemical data published earlier, the etiological role of cytomegalovirus in the development of nodular infiltrates was substantiated and the functional activity of cytomegalic cells in virus reproduction and isolation shown. Diagnostic importance of nodular infiltrates was stressed. Morphological manifestations of cytomegalovirus reproduction were described.
Special methods of clinical examination and morphometrical studies were used to investigate the regional blood flow in 56 patients. The method of perfusion scintipneumography and electropneumoplethysmography were shown to be more informative. Differences in the state of peripheral hemodynamics in patients of different groups are shown. Considerable morphological alterations in the capillary network found in patients with a coarse deforming bronchitis confirmed the reasons for the surgical treatment of such patients.
The results of light and electron microscopy and morphometric studies of the alveolar wall in obstructive atelectasis in children with chronic nonspecific lung diseases (materials of 40 biopsies) are presented. Morphological changes in obstructive atelectases of various durations are described. Fresh atelectasis was shown to be characterized mostly by discirculatory and dystrophic changes. In atelectasis of a long duration, inflammatory reactions developed and, besides, regeneration-proliferation processes were activated which in children were manifested mainly by an increase in the number of large alveolar cells and, to a lesser extent, some increase in sclerotic changes. The release of osmiophilic lamellated corpuscules of large alveolar cells was disturbed, which was one of the factors conducive to the lack of a surfactant.
A method for staining semi-thin sections with standard hematoxylin and eosin solutions is proposed. The staining is achieved by pre-treatment of the sections with an alkali and staining them with hot solutions. The method permits morphological examinations of sections 1-2 micron thick.
A possibility was studied to use the plaster copies of skulls in the forensic medical identification of personality by applying the craniofacial method. No dependence was found between the plaster casts and the moulding types. Differences between the same craniometric sizes in the skull and in its cast are of an incidental nature. Such incidental deviation is related with an accuracy of determining the localization of craniometric points and with an instrumental precision of measuring devices. The necessity is substantiated that, while making a craniofacial examination, it is necessary to mark all anthropometric points in the skull cast, with the original being a control. The use of a plaster skull cast is possible in those cases, when the burial of the remains must be done in full.
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Results of medical anthropological expert studies of bone remains of Emperor Nicholas II, his family members, and persons in their attendance are presented. Craniological (including computer photoblending), odontological, osteometric, and spectral methods were sued. Numerous photographs, Imperial Family clothes from museums, soil specimens from Tsarskoe Selo and place of burial were used. Expert studies confirmed previous conclusions on personal identification of skeletons as Nicholas II and four Imperial Family members. Additional proofs of identification of skeleton No. 6 as Great Princess Anastasia Nikolaevna are presented. No remains which could be identified as Cesarevich Alexei Nikolaevich and Great Princess Maria Nikolaevna were found. The so-called "adolescent teeth" are upper teeth of a subject aged 17-18. Rare odontoglyphic characteristics of these teeth permit referring them only to skull No. 6 (Great Princess Anastasia Nikolaevna) but not to an adolescent, specifically, to Cesarevich Alexei Nikolaevich.
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