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Biomedical subjects

M E Weisse

Publications and source records attributed to M E Weisse.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1995

Botulism.

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Botulinum Toxins↗
PubMed1994

Decline of erythromycin resistance of group A beta-hemolytic streptococci in Japan. Comparison with worldwide reports.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the current prevalence of erythromycin resistance and penicillin tolerance of group A beta-hemolytic streptococci (GABHS) in Japan. RESEARCH DESIGN: One hundred four isolates of GABHS from the civilian community in Tokyo and 101 isolates from the military population at the US Air Force Base in Yokota, Japan, were tested for erythromycin susceptibility and penicillin susceptibility and tolerance. SETTING: US Army Medical Center. RESULTS: Of the Japanese civilian isolates, two were moderately susceptible and none were resistant to erythromycin; of the military isolates, none were moderately susceptible and one was resistant, for an overall resistance rate of 0.49%. All isolates were exquisitely susceptible to penicillin, and no evidence of penicillin tolerance was found. CONCLUSIONS: Comparison with similar studies world-wide shows that erythromycin susceptibility of GABHS in Japan is now among the lowest in the world, while just over a decade ago it was the highest. These observations mandate constant monitoring of erythromycin resistance of GABHS wherever this drug is used to treat patients with infections due to this organism.

Drug Resistance, Microbial↗
PubMed1993

Antimicrobial treatment of occult bacteremia: a multicenter cooperative study.

This prospective multicenter study was conducted to define more clearly clinical and laboratory criteria that predict a strong probability of occult bacteremia and to evaluate the effect of empiric broad spectrum antimicrobial treatment of these children. Children 3 to 36 months old with fever > or = 40 degrees C (104 degrees F) or, > or = 39.5 degrees C (103 degrees F) with white blood cells (WBC) > or = 15 x 10(9)/liter, and no focus of infection had blood cultures obtained and were randomized to treatment with oral amoxicillin/potassium clavulanate or intramuscular ceftriaxone. Sixty of 519 (11.6%) study patients had positive blood cultures: Streptococcus pneumoniae, 51; Haemophilus influenzae b, 6; Neisseria meningitidis, 2; and Group B Streptococcus, 1. Subgroups of high risk were identified as fever > or = 39.5 degrees C and WBC > or = 15 x 10(9)/liter, 55 of 331 or 16.6% positive with increasing incidence of positive culture with increasing increments of degrees of leukocytosis to WBC > or = 30 x 10(9)/liter where 9 of 21 or 42.9% were positive. Subgroups of significantly lower risk were identified as fever > or = 39.5 degrees C and WBC < 15 x 10(9)/liter, 5 of 182 or 2.7% positive and those with WBC < 10 x 10(9)/liter, 0 of 99 or 0.0% positive. Children with positive cultures who received ceftriaxone were nearly all afebrile after 24 hours whereas a significant number who received amoxicillin/potassium clavulanate remained febrile. In the 459 culture-negative children more amoxicillin/potassium clavulanate-treated children developed diarrhea and had less improvement in clinical scores after 24 hours than ceftriaxone-treated children.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1991

Antigenuria after immunization with Haemophilus influenzae oligosaccharide CRM197 conjugate (HbOC) vaccine.

We tested the urine of 30 infants 6 weeks to 7 months of age after they received standard 10-micrograms (0.5-ml) doses of HbOC (HibTITER) Haemophilus influenzae b (Hib) conjugate vaccine for the presence of Hib antigenuria using a commercially available latex particle agglutination assay (Directigen). Urines were collected within 1 hour, from 1 to 3 hours, at 24 hours and at 3, 6 and 9 days after vaccine administration and reactions were quantitated from 0 to 3+. In contrast to previous studies in older children which showed little or no antigenuria following HbOC vaccination, our study shows that in infants intense Hib antigenuria is evident within 2 to 3 hours and persists 3 days after vaccine administration and that less intense antigenuria may be detected in some infants for several days. With efficacious vaccines now being used in 2- to 6-month-old infants, invasive Hib disease may soon be limited to infants of this age just before their seroconversion. It should be recognized that antigenuria occurs for several days after vaccination with Hib conjugate vaccines and that it could be erroneously interpreted as evidence of invasive Hib infection.

Antigens, Bacterial↗
PubMed1987

Fever response to acetaminophen in viral vs. bacterial infections.

The effect of acetaminophen on fever in bacterial vs. viral infections was tested in 100 children ages 9 days to 17 years who presented to the Pediatric Service with a rectal or oral temperature of 102 degrees F (38.9 degrees C) or greater. All patients were given acetaminophen, 15 mg/kg, and their temperatures were rechecked at 1 hour. Laboratory tests were ordered at the discretion of the examining physician and usually included viral and bacterial cultures and total white blood cell counts. Sixteen patients had proved viral illnesses and 17 patients had serious bacterial infections. There was a significant difference (P less than 0.02) in the white blood cell count between the two groups, with the higher values in patients with bacterial infections. There was, however, no significant difference in the fever response to acetaminophen between the two groups (P = 0.37). The remaining 67 patients were then placed into one of the two groups based on their clinical illness and outcome. The mean temperature change was then calculated between the two groups, and again the difference was found to be statistically insignificant (P = not significant (t = 0.19]. We conclude that there is no correlation between a child's fever response to acetaminophen and the etiology of the fever.

Acetaminophen↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Topically induced diphenhydramine toxicity.

We report the case of a 2 1/2-year-old child who manifested acute anticholinergic toxicity after the applications of a topical calamine-antihistamine lotion. This mechanism of diphenhydramine toxicity is uncommon, with only a few other case reports noted in the literature. This case is also intriguing in that this child had an underlying varicella illness with fever that tended to obscure the picture. This report describes the characteristic history and physical examination pertinent to anticholinergic toxicity, varicella complication considerations, and case management.

Administration, Cutaneous↗