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Biomedical subjects

M Ebuchi

Publications and source records attributed to M Ebuchi.

35 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1998

[Preoperative chemotherapy for advanced colorectal carcinomas--comparison of histological effect between UFT + leucovorin tablet and UFT alone].

The authors analyzed the histological effect of preoperative chemotherapy for 41 colorectal advanced cancer patients using resected specimens. Twenty patients in the UFT + LV group received 400 mg/day of UFT and 30 mg/day of leucovorin for 10-14 days just before the operations. Twenty-one patients with UFT alone received UFT 400 mg/day during the same period. Only one patient in the UFT + LV group developed the side effect of mild leukocytopenia. The histological effect of the UFT + LV group was superior to that of the UFT alone group (p = 0.03). The number of Grade 1a and 1b in the UFT + LV group was 14 (60.9%) and 7 (30.4%), while in the UFT group 16 (66.7%) and 2 (8.3%). Histological examination revealed no lesions which showed Grade 2 and 3 in both groups. There was the tendency for the histological effect in moderately differentiated adenocarcinomas to be superior to that in well-differentiated adenocarcinomas in both group. The histological effect in metastatic lymph nodes was superior to that in the original colorectal lesions in both groups. This suggests preoperative chemotherapy with UFT + LV and UFT could achieve the clinical down-staging of advanced colorectal cancer.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1998

[Telomere length in breast carcinoma of the young and aged].

In order to clarify the relationship between the telomeric length of human female breast carcinoma cells and patient age, and between telomeric length and the histological type of carcinoma, we examined 64 patients (aged 20-89 years) with breast carcinoma by histological and southern blot analysis. No difference in the telomeric length was recognizable among the three major histological types: papillotubular, solid tubular and scirrhous (7.9-8.7 kilobase pairs (kbp)). Mean telomere lengths in the groups aged under 35 (8 patients), 36-50 (10 patients), 51-70 (17 patients), 71-80 (19 patients), and over 81 years (10 patients) were 11.0, 9.9, 7.0, 7.7 and 7.6 kbp, respectively. There was no significant evidence for telomeric shortening in breast carcinoma according to patient age. Two peaks of telomeric length were observed in three carcinomas comprising a medullary carcinoma and two solid tubular carcinomas showing very prominent lymphocyte infiltration histologically.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1998

[Pharmaco-dynamic influence under ascites or laparotomy on intraperitoneal sequential MTX/5-FU therapy].

We studied pharmaco-dynamic changes of intraperitoneal sequential MTX (30 mg)/5-FU (750 mg) therapy in gastric cancer patients with malignant ascites and those who had undergone a gastrectomy. The serum and ascites levels of MTX in patients with malignant ascites decreased much slower than in patients without ascites. In patients with ascites, the serum MTX concentration peaked 8 hours later and then gradually decreased. The ascites MTX level decreased as low as 1/10 2 days after the intraperitoneal administration. The serum and ascites 5-FU levels revealed a minor prolongation of 5-FU concentration in patients with ascites. Gastrectomy did not affect the pharmaco-dynamics of MTX in post-operative patients with sequential intraperitoneal administration of MTX/5-FU on 1, 8 and 15 POD.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1997

[Cisplatin/5-fluorouracil intraperitoneal administration superior to intravenous administration for liver metastases of colonic carcinoma].

A 28-year-old female underwent sigmoidectomy for sigmoid colon cancer with peritoneal seeding. One month later, a solitary metastasis was found in S3 of the liver. After CDDP/5-FU intravenous chemotherapy, another metastasis appeared in S7. Intravenous administration showed PD. But the metastatic tumors shrank and became inobservable by CT after the 1st round of CDDP/5-FU intraperitoneal chemotherapy, and S7 tumor could not be identified after the 2nd round. Many previous reports demonstrated the concentration of cytotoxic drug in intraperitoneal administration was much higher than in intravenous administration. Theoretically, intraperitoneal chemotherapy is superior to intravenous chemotherapy for the prevention and treatment of liver metastases. This case demonstrated this hypothesis was right. We think adjuvant intraperitoneal chemotherapy should be re-considered for the prevention of the liver metastases of gastrointestinal cancers.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1997

[Experimental study on intraperitoneal sequential MTX/5-FU therapy for peritoneal seeding in comparison with intravenous administration].

Sequential MTX/5-FU therapy (intravenous route) is powerful chemotherapy especially for poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma of the stomach and its peritoneal metastases. The authors had proposed the idea of intraperitoneal sequential MTX/5-FU chemotherapy for potential peritoneal metastases and micrometastases from advanced gastric carcinoma. This experimental study was planned to confirm this experimentally. Peritoneal seeding model of nude mice was made by the intraperitoneal inoculation of human gastric cancer cell line MKN-45. Control group (n = 5) had no treatment. The intraperitoneal (i.p.) group and intravenous (i.v.) group underwent the treatments on the 7th, 14th, and 21st day after cell implantation. Experimental chemotherapies consisted of intraperitoneal injection of MTX (15 mg/kg, 1.5 ml saline) and 5-FU (50 mg/kg, 1.0 ml saline) for i.p. group and intravenous injection of MTX (15 mg/kg, 0.2 ml saline) and 5-FU (50 mg/kg, 0.2 ml saline) for i.v. group. Interval time between MTX and 5-FU administration was 2 hours. On the 35th day after the cell implantation necropsies were performed. Counting of peritoneal metastatic nodules revealed the number of nodules of control group. (14.2 +/- 6.7) > i.v. group (5.3 +/- 4.1) > i.p. group (0.41 +/- 0.7) (p < 0.05). Weight of omental tumors showed Control group (0.246 +/- 0.136 g) > i.v. group (0.140 +/- 0.068 g) > i.p. group (0.051 +/- 0.017 g) (i.v.-i.p., p < 0.01). The mouse body weight decrease less in the i.p. group than in the i.v. group (p < 0.05) throughout this experiment. The results of this experiment demonstrated intraperitoneal sequential MTX/5-FU therapy was more effective than intravenous sequential MTX/5-FU therapy for potential peritoneal seeding and peritoneal micrometastases from the gastric cancer. Moreover, the side effect of intraperitoneal administration was milder than by the intravenous route.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1995

[Complications in the intraperitoneal chemotherapy with the implantable intraperitoneal port and the strategy for the prevention of the complication].

Fifty-four patients with gastrointestinal carcinomas were treated with intraperitoneal chemotherapy through devices, and an implantable port system which had been used subcutaneously. The complications of the implantable ports were analysed in this study. There were 1 bowel perforation, 2 cases of retention of ascites, 2 infections, 2 inflow obstructions and 8 cases of pain, especially in the perineal or lower abdominal area. The number of patients requiring removal of the device due to complications were 7; 1 perforation, 2 ascites, 2 infections and 2 for pain. The strategy for reducing the complications due to the device were analysed as follows. A soft catheter should be selected. The catheter in the abdominal cavity should not be long, not as long as the tip of catheter touch the bottom of pelvic organs. Due care for kinking of the catheter should be taken in the implanting procedure. Antibiotics should be applied in and around the port. Steroids should be added to the solution for intraperitoneal chemotherapy.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

[Intraperitoneal infusion therapy of MTX and 5-FU for advanced gastric cancer and its peritoneal metastasis].

We administered methotrexate (MTX) and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) into the peritoneal cavity as chemotherapy after operation for advanced gastric cancer from a port implanted subcutaneously during the operation, every or every other week. It has been said that MTX tends to be kept in the peritoneal cavity, so the kinetics of MTX is important when it was administered there in. We investigated the concentrations of MTX in the peritoneal cavity and serum with infusion into the peritoneal cavity (IP), and compared it with intraarterial (IA) and intravenous (IV) administration. The results were the lower serum concentration of MTX in IP than in both IA and IV at 1-2 hours after infusion, but thereafter it was the same level in each group. The intraperitoneal concentration of MTX was lower than the detectable level at 24-48 hours after infusion. On the other hand, we investigated the side effects of this therapy, and only one of 20 cases given therapy many times had nausea and vomiting. So the intraperitoneal infusion therapy of MTX and 5-FU seemed to be safe.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Radiotherapy of local regional recurrences of a mastectomized breast carcinoma and its results].

Local-regional recurrences of a breast carcinoma after the mastectomy have been studied. A complete response rate of 89% was noted and this rate was found to decrease with an increase in the size of the mass. The most favorable local control rate was noted in carcinomas of the solitary nodular type where as the worst control late was seen in those with a lymph node metastasis. The 5-year survival rate in all cases was found to be 28.0%, and best in the solitary nodular type carcinomas and worst in carcinomas of the invasive type. Chestwall recurrences associated a local lymph node metastases were found to have a poorer prognosis compared to those without a lymph node metastasis.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Association of elevated expression of the c-erbB-2 protein with spread of breast cancer.

We analyzed amplification and expression of the c-erbB-2 gene in human breast cancers. Southern blot hybridization analysis demonstrated amplification of the c-erbB-2 gene in 10 out of 50 tumor DNAs examined. The degree of amplification was three- to twenty-fold relative to normal placenta. The c-erbB-2 protein could be analyzed in 39 tumor tissues of the 50 samples by immuno-blotting, and elevated expression of the c-erbB-2 protein was found in 15 cases. On the other hand, expression of the c-erbB-2 products was not detected in normal breast tissues either by immuno-blotting or by immuno-histological analysis. These data indicate that transcriptional and/or translational activation of c-erbB-2 might occur in some breast cancers in addition to activation by gene amplification. The elevated expression of the c-erbB-2 protein was most strongly correlated with lymph-node metastasis (P less than 0.001), suggesting that c-erbB-2 expression is involved in promotion of the lymph-node metastasis of human breast cancers. Therefore, immuno-histological diagnosis with anti-c-erbB-2 antibody might be useful as an indicator to predict lymph-node involvement in breast cancer.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1987

[Estrogen receptor kinetics in benign and malignant diseases of the breast and their clinical implication].

Estrogen and progesterone binding capacities in the breast tissues were determined. Unoccupied cytoplasmic estrogen receptor (ERc) levels in 19(37%) out of 52 patients with breast cancer revealed more than 30fmol/mg protein. None of tissues from the benign breast diseases contained higher unoccupied ERc than 30fmol/mg protein. There was no significant difference between the level of unoccupied ERc in the patients with fibroadenoma and that in those with mastopathy. Occupied ERc levels were significantly lower than unoccupied ERc in the breast cancer, but the difference was not observed in benign breast diseases. Occupied nuclear estrogen receptor (ERn) levels were significantly lower than unoccupied ERn only in the premenopausal patients with breast cancer, but no significant difference was observed in the patients with benign breast diseases. The level of progesterone receptor (PgR) was low in both breast cancer and benign breast diseases. Serum estradiol (E2) and progesterone (PRG) concentrations were assayed on patients with the benign breast diseases who had regular menstrual cycles. Significant negative correlations were recognized between the levels of PRG and PgR at a luteal phase, but not between E2 and unoccupied ERc. Four (33%) out of 12 patients with recurrent breast cancer responded to the endocrine therapy. In three (75%) of the four responded patients unoccupied ERc level of the cancer tissue was more than 30fmol/mg protein.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Radionuclide lymphoscintigraphy performed on the mastectomized chest wall.

Lymphatic flow in the anterior chest wall of 64 patients who underwent surgery for breast carcinoma was studies on images of lymphoscintigraphy using 99mTc-rhenium colloid. Scintigraphic images taken 4 hours after the intradermal injection of radionuclides along both sides of the surgical wound frequently made it possible to visualize the contralateral axillary lymph nodes. In particular, among 20 patients with local chest wall recurrence after the mastectomy, the contralateral axillary nodes were demonstrated in 13. Stimulated lymphatic flow seems to be manifested around the site of local recurrence over the chest wall. On the precise analysis of lymphographic images, faint lymphatic drainages were occasionally identified up to the contralateral axillary lymph nodes at various levels of the anterior chest wall. It is essential that the radiation field be made large towards the area including the downstream of the lymphatic flow. Additionally, accumulation of radionuclides in the lymph nodes appeared to be slowly impaired by the postoperative irradiation after the completion of radiotherapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Increased activities of thymidine kinase isozymes in human mammary tumours.

Thymidine kinase, the enzyme in the pyrimidine salvage pathway, and its isozymes were examined in 10 specimens of normal mammary gland, 10 fibroadenomas and 11 adenocarcinomas in human breasts. The average thymidine kinase activities in fibroadenomas and adenocarcinomas were about 3 and 8 times that in normal mammary gland. The mammary thymidine kinase isozymes were separated into two types by diethylaminoethyl (DEAE) cellulose column chromatography. The activity of the thymidine kinase isozyme eluted with 0.1 M sodium chloride in buffer was twofold higher in fibroadenomas and fourfold higher in adenocarcinomas than that in normal tissue. In adenocarcinomas, but not fibroadenomas, the activity of the other isozyme eluted with buffer alone was increased to 22-fold that in normal tissues. As the activity of the latter isozyme was not affected by deoxycytidine triphosphate, it may be involved closely in DNA replication.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1978

A case of rectal carcinoma concomitant with Pagetoid lesion in the perianal region--histopathological and electron microscopic observations--.

A case of extramammary Paget's disease of the perianal area adjacent to a mucinous adenocarcinoma of the rectum is presented. The histopathological examination of the case revealed that within the epidermis adjacent to the invading rectal cancer nest, the formation of glandular structures can be observed occasionally, around which so-called Paget's cells are noted to be scattered and further many points of similarity between cancer cell and Paget's cell are proved by electron microscope. Perianal skin lesion looking like Paget's disease is proved to be due to intraepidermal spread of the rectal carcinoma. Referring to the literature, this is the first report to our knowledge, to elucidate the histogenesis of perianal extramammary Paget's disease associated with a rectal carcinoma using the electron microscopy.

Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Subcutaneously implanted enteral nutrition port.

BACKGROUND: Patients who have undergone esophagectomy with extensive lymph node dissection under thoracolapalotomy for advanced esophageal carcinomas frequently need long-term nutrition support because of their inadequate oral intake. We have used tube enterostomy feeding for these patients not only immediately after the operations but also at home to prevent the development of malnutrition. Patients who receive long-term tube enterostomy feeding often suffer from skin problems around the enteral nutrition catheters. Once the catheter is removed, the patient with anticipated malnutrition is subsequently unable to receive beneficial enteral nutrition. We have developed a new enteral access system that is placed subcutaneously. This subcutaneously implanted enteral nutrition port makes possible intermittent and long-term enteral nutrition support not only for the postoperative period but also for home care. METHODS: This system consists of the port (Infuse-a-Port, SMAP15 Snaplock Macro-Port Venous Access System; Strato Medical Co) and the enteral nutrition tube (Enteral Tube 8F, 75 cm; Zeon Co). This system was applied to seven patients who had undergone esophagectomy. The port was placed on the lower chest subcutaneously, and the catheter was placed through the gastric tube and duodenum up to the jejunum. After the operation, a 20-gauge port needle was placed, and enteral nutrition formula (Enterued; Termo Co) was started with the enteral nutrition pump. RESULTS: No complications (eg, infection of skin, obstruction of tube) were observed from the postoperative period through the home care stage. The observation period for this implanted system ranged from 2 to 12 months. The patients were able to avoid the malnutrition anticipated after the extensive operations and continued to receive nutrition support safely and effectively at home. CONCLUSION: This new nutrition support system is safe and efficient for patients who anticipate long-term enteral nutrition support. A subcutaneously implanted enteral nutrition port makes possible intermittent and long-term nutrition support without patient discomfort and inconvenience.

Enteral Nutrition↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Clinicopathological stages and pyrimidine nucleotide synthesis in human mammary carcinomas.

The object of this study was to evaluate activities of thymidylate synthetase (TS) and thymidine kinase (TK) in relation to histopathological features of human mammary carcinomas, as well as clinical classification of patients. The TS and TK are key enzymes on the de novo and salvage pathways, respectively, for pyrimidine nucleotide synthesis. High TS and TK activities have been found in rapidly proliferating tissues. Clinical stage and TNM post-surgical histopathological classification of 20 patients with mammary carcinomas, during the period of 1988-1991, and TS and TK activities in each carcinoma were determined. Elevated TS and TK activities in mammary carcinomas corresponded to progressively worse clinical stages. Papillotubular carcinomas showed lower enzyme activity than that of solid-tubular and scirrhous types. TS activities continued to rise as the malignant invasion became more severe. The clinical prognosis of patients with mammary carcinomas appears to depend on the de novo synthesis of DNA in carcinomas.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Relative activities of thymidylate synthetase and thymidine kinase in human mammary tumours.

Thymidylate synthetase (TS) and thymidine kinase (TK) are known to catalyse the methylation of dUMP for the de novo synthesis of dTMP and the phosphorylation of thymidine for the salvage synthesis of dTMP in the pyrimidine pathway, respectively. High activities of TS and TK have been observed in rapidly proliferating tissues. In the present study, both enzyme activities were measured in 8 specimens of normal mammary tissues, 12 fibroadenomas and 10 adenocarcinomas in the human breast. The average activities of TS in fibroadenomas and adenocarcinomas were approximately 5- and 7-fold that in normal mammary tissues, respectively. The average activities of TK in fibroadenomas and adenocarcinomas were 4- and 14-fold that in normal mammary tissues, respectively. Thus, DNA synthesis in benign and malignant mammary tumors may be relatively predominant in de novo and salvage pathways, respectively.

Adenocarcinoma↗