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Biomedical subjects

M Egeblad

Publications and source records attributed to M Egeblad.

12 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

[CT in preoperative assessment of renal tumors?].

The value of CT-scanning as part of the preoperative morphological investigation of patients with renal tumours was calculated in a material of 28 patients. In eight patients, operative treatment was not found to be indicated. In the 20 patients in whom operation was undertaken, the operative and histological findings were compared with the findings on CT-scanning. In cases of disagreement, the CT-scanning findings were reassessed. It was found that interpretation of the CT-scan was accurate in 40% of the cases while minor disagreements were present in 25% but these did not have any significance for the indications for operation. In the remaining 35% considerable disagreement was found between the CT-scan and the operative or histological findings such as invasion of neighbouring organs, cysts interpreted as solid tumours with necrosis and as regards interpretation of the retroperitoneal glands. The present authors consider that CT-scanning provides an important supplement to the conventional morphological investigation of renal tumours with intravenous urography and radiography of the thorax. CT-scanning appears to be preferable to ultrasonic scanning in cases which are difficult to review and where expert interpretation of ultrasonic findings is not available. In addition, routine preoperative biopsy of the tumour guided by ultrasound is recommended together with peroperative biopsy for freeze microscopic examination prior to nephrectomy.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Computed tomography in prognostic stroke evaluation.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Computed tomography is now routinely used in many hospitals to investigate cerebrovascular disease. The purpose of our prospective study was to determine whether cranial computed tomography in connection with neurological assessment was useful in prognostic evaluation of survival after acute stroke. METHODS: Two-hundred forty-five consecutive stroke patients were included in the project during a 1-year period. Each had a detailed neurological assessment 24-72 hours after stroke onset and underwent cranial computed tomography without intravenous contrast injection within the first week after admission. The lesions were divided according to neuroanatomic regions. In the statistical analyses we used a multiple logistic regression model with survival/death as the binary variable. RESULTS: Computed tomography showed 76% of the patients had infarcts, 11% had hemorrhages, and 13% had no acute lesion. Forty-three patients had more than one acute lesion, and 57 had one or more old infarctions. The temporal, parietal, and frontal regions and the basal ganglia were most often affected. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that age, level of consciousness, and involvement of the temporal lobe on computed tomography were factors of prognostic significance regarding survival in the acute phase.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Assessment of micturition cystourethrography. Intra- and inter-observer variation].

The reliability of any method of investigation depends upon the accuracy and reproducibility of the results of the investigation. The accuracy of voiding cystoureterography (VCU) which is greatly dependent on the radiographic assessment cannot be assessed because no standard answers exist. The reliability of the method may be assessed in the form of intra- and inter-observer variations. VCU investigations from 24 women with incontinence were assessed by two independent radiologists. Fifteen of the radiological examinations had previously been described by one of the radiologists so that intra-observer variation could be assessed by these. Inter-observer variation was 70% (95% confidence limits 51-89%), calculated from the diagnoses anterior and posterior suspension defects, combined defects and normal conditions. The corresponding intra-observer variation was 53% (95% confidence limits 27-78%). The radiographic criteria for subdivision of suspension defects into anterior and posterior defects are, theoretically, very simple but appear to be difficult to attain in practice. The indications for employing a form of examination where assessment of the result of examination is so obscure should be very weighty.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Arteriographic findings in EDTA chelation therapy on peripheral arteriosclerosis.

In a randomized, double-blind, controlled study, 153 patients with claudication were each given either 20 infusions of Na2EDTA or 20 infusions of saline. Walking distances and ankle/brachial indices were measured before, during, and after treatment. In 30 patients, angiograms and transcutaneous oxygen tensions were obtained before, during, and after treatment. The patients' subjective evaluations of the effect of treatment were also recorded. It is concluded that EDTA chelation therapy has no effect in patients with intermittent claudication in the legs caused by arteriosclerosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Evaluation of renal function and morphology in children by 99mTc-DTPA gamma camera renography.

The purpose of the present investigation was to evaluate the use of 99mTc-DTPA (diethylenetriaminepenta-acetate) gamma camera renography for the study of kidney function as well as morphology. Sixty-nine children with urinary tract infection or congenital hydronephrosis aged 6 days to 13.6 years were studied. A method for determination of the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) from the recorded curves without use of blood or urine samples was tested in 65 consecutive children. From each renogram an uptake index was determined. After a weight/height correction the sum of right and left kidney uptake index correlated with total GFR determined from plasma clearance of 51Cr-EDTA (ethylenediaminetetra-acetate) measured on the same day (r = 0.96). The relative standard error of estimating GFR from the renograms was 10.7% at GFR = 100 ml/min and 14.6% at GFR = 50 ml/min. In a subgroup including 20 children no difference was found in kidney morphology and length studied by renography and intravenous urography, the latter providing more details concerning the urinary tract. Relative kidney length did not correlate with relative renal function determined by renography, emphasizing the difficulty in determination of relative renal function by urography. In conclusion, not only relative but also absolute renal function (GFR) can be determined in children by 99mTc-DTPA renography; at the same time kidney and urinary tract morphology are evaluated. In our hands, 99mTc-DTPA renography has become a useful diagnostic tool, lowering the need for the more cumbersome intravenous urography and 51Cr-EDTA plasma clearance. However, intravenous urography is mandatory for the detailed study of the urinary tract, and use of the 51Cr-EDTA plasma clearance technique is necessary when a very reliable determination of GFR is wanted.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Somatic manifestations in children suspected of having been maltreated.

The present study revealed an incidence of maltreatment of 26.8 in 100,000 children under 15 years of age, higher than previously assumed. The sample comprises 41 children suspected of having been maltreated. A systematic examination included radiography and isotope scintigraphy of the skeletal system. In 9 cases the diagnosis was not confirmed, in 23 confirmed, and in 9 children it seemed likely. The most common form of maltreatment was physical violence with bruises. A total of 6 fractures were demonstrated. Three children had been exposed to sexual abuse. Intracranial haematoma, of long standing, was found in one child. Thirteen of the children (40%) were of short statute, their height and weight below the 25th percentile. Among 27 children examined by X-rays 16 (59%) had delayed skeletal maturation. Disturbances of growth, as well as behavioural abnormalities, were particularly striking in this group of patients. The findings suggest that even the slightest suspicion of maltreatment should lead to a general medical evaluation without delay.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Renovascular hypertension after kidney transplantation.

The development of hypertension after kidney transplantation was examined in a consecutive series of 83 transplantations (79 patients) with a graft survival of more than 30 days. After transplantation, 50% of the normotensive recipients developed mild or severe hypertension, while 74% of the hypertensive recipients remained hypertensive. Stenosis of the graft artery with a narrowing of the diameter of more than 50% was found in 13 patients and in 3 patients a minor or peripheral stenosis was found. Significantly more stenoses were seen in the presence of two donor arteries, whereas no other etiological factors could be shown. In arterial stenosis, severe hypertension was established within a few months after transplantation, but in spite of satisfactory controlled blood pressure and good graft function, hypertensive crises could arise. It is therefore concluded that arteriography and renin analysis should be considered in all cases of severe hypertension, and surgical correction should be considered when arterial stenosis is present.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

131I-hippuran renography for control of patients with ureterolithiasis.

The value of the 131I-Hippuran renography for control of patients with ureteroliathiasis was investigated in a consecutive series of 58 patients with radiologically verified unilateral ureteroliathiasis. Intravenous pyelography (IVP) and renography (RNG) were performed on admittance and 4-5 weeks later, the interval between the IVP and the RNG being 0-4 days. From 80 comparisons of the results of IVP and RNG (prevalence of abnormal IVP 73%), the predictive value of an abnormal RNG in the control situation was found to be 88% with a 95% confidence interval of 75-93%. The predictive value of a normal RNG was 88% (62-98%). If renography was combined with an X-ray of the abdomen at the control examination, the predictive value of an abnormal RNG was unchanged and the predictive value of a normal RNG increased to 100% (77-100%). On the basis of these high predictive values, a new examination protocol for control of patients with unilateral ureterolithiasis is put forward.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Umbilical vein catheterization and portal hypertension.

Portal hypertension is a rarely encountered late complication of umbilical vein catheterization. A survey of the 38 cases previously published is presented together with an additional case report. It is concluded that catheterization for more than 2 days carries an increased risk of thrombosis, and that umbilical artery catheterization should be preferred in the majority of cases due to a reduced risk of complications. The correct position of the catheter tip must always be controlled by fluoroscopy or X-ray. Infusion of hypertonic solutions with unphysiological pH should be restricted and umbilical vessel catheterization should only be carried out in severe cases. Pretreatment of the catheters with heparin possibly reduces the hazards.

Catheterization↗