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Biomedical subjects

M Ehrenfeld

Publications and source records attributed to M Ehrenfeld.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Lupus anti-DNA antibodies bearing the 8.12 idiotype appear to be somatically mutated.

Anti-DNA antibodies in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) sera were analyzed using an antiidiotype designated 8.12 which recognizes a determinant on lambda light chains highly expressed in SLE sera. Eight of ten normal individuals had peripheral blood lymphocytes which produced high-titered 8.12-positive antibodies, following transformation with Epstein Barr virus, implying that the 8.12-reactive sequence originates in the germline gene (GLG). Of 58 SLE sera, 32 contained elevated titers of 8.12-reactive antibodies. Twenty-three of these sera had 8.12-reactive anti-DNA antibodies, suggesting a strong correlation between 8.12 idiotype and DNA binding. Moreover, 20 of 26 8.12-reactive IgG antibodies and only 4 of 10 8.12-reactive IgM antibodies bound DNA (P less than 0.05). These observations strengthen our previous findings in myeloma sera that DNA binding is associated with IgG isotype in the 8.12 idiotype system and suggest that the acquisition of anti-DNA reactivity in antibodies bearing the GLG idiotype 8.12 is achieved by somatic mutation, a feature of an antigen-driven response.

Antibodies, Antinuclear↗
PubMed1992

The Gulf War: reaction and action in institutions for the aged in Israel.

In order to learn how geriatric centres were coping during the Gulf War (1991), questionnaires were distributed to 116 unit head nurses in 16 institutions in Israel. Additional information was obtained from the directors of nursing and national supervisors in a meeting 3 1/2 months after the cease-fire. Questions focused on organization of work, behaviour of staff, patients and their families, main problems, solutions and recommendations. Data showed a very high level of commitment by staff, flexibility, initiative and creativity in meeting the emotional, physical and safety needs of the aged. Stress level was highest in the 'Scud' areas and among the aged who are mentally alert. Families visited less but increased contact by telephone. Management was supportive with guidance, transport, child care facilities, etc. They also provided beds and food for spouses of the aged residents. Major problems related to safety measures (sealing rooms, moving patients during attacks), physical exhaustion and emotional stress of staff, and reorganization of care programmes. Recommendations included development of a master plan for non-conventional attacks, preparation of buildings with structural improvements, recruitment and training of volunteers, clarification of roles of staff and education for them.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1992

[The melanotic neuroectodermal tumor of childhood. Tumor identification with immunohistochemical methods. A case report].

The authors report a case of a melanotic neuroectodermal tumor of infancy occurring in the maxilla of a 6-month-old female infant. The tumor displayed a biphasic cellular pattern with small neuroblast-like cells and large melanocytic cells showing a highly characteristic immunophenotype. Both tumor cell types immunostained for neuron specific enolase (NSE) and vimentin. The melanocytoid cells reacted additionally with the anti-keratin antibody Kl 1 and with HMB 45, an antibody specific for melanocytic antigens. The melanotic neuroectodermal tumor of infancy usually runs a benign course, however, local recurrence and metastasis may occur. The course of the disease cannot be predicted from morphological findings.

Female↗
PubMed1992

[Nerve injuries following nerve blocking in the pterygomandibular space].

In a prospective study 506 patients with nerve blocks in the pterygomandibular space were examined before and 3-7 days after local anaesthesia. Clinical neurosensory testing including two-point discrimination revealed no differences between the neurological status before and after injection. Between December 1987 and April 1991 8 patients with 9 nerve injuries (lingual nerve n = 8, inferior alveolar nerve n = 1) after nerve blocks in the pterygomandibular space were treated. In addition to hypaesthesia or anaesthesia 5 out of 8 patients with injection damages of the lingual nerve suffered from a loss of taste sensations. Only 2 of the total of 9 nerve lesions showed a complete recovery of the neurological deficit. One patient with a persistent pain syndrome of the lingual nerve after an injection damage underwent partial nerve resection and microsurgical reconstruction after intraoperative monitoring of somatosensitive-evoced-potentials. The operation was successful for only a few weeks, afterwards a relapse of the pain syndrome took place.

Anesthesia, Dental↗
PubMed1991

Expression and functions of very late antigen 1 in inflammatory joint diseases.

In the human immune system, very late antigen 1 (VLA-1), a putative collagen receptor, is expressed on the surface of T lymphocytes that have undergone mitogenic or antigenic stimulation. A new VLA-1-specific monoclonal antibody, 1B3.1, was used to probe the expression and function of VLA-1 on T lymphocytes in patients with arthritis. Synovial mononuclear cells from the joints of patients with rheumatoid arthritis or other joint diseases contained 32.9 +/- 13.8% 1B3.1-positive cells (42.8 +/- 10.4% in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and 28 +/- 12.6% in non rheumatoid patients). In the peripheral blood, patients with active rheumatoid arthritis expressed VLA-1 on 11.7 +/- 6.0% of their mononuclear cells, compared to 1.9 +/- 1.5% in controls (P less than 0.001). Using dual fluorescence analysis, virtually all the 1B3.1-positive synovial cells were CD3+ T lymphocytes and included both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. When 1B3.1-expressing synovial mononuclear cells or in vitro activated T lymphocytes were triggered with anti-CD3 antibodies, marked augmentation of their proliferation occurred if they were simultaneously cross-linked with mab 1B3.1. Collagen type IV, a putative ligand of VLA-1, also augmented T-cell proliferation to anti-CD3. The data suggest that the VLA-1 molecule could play an important role in the pathophysiology of arthritis by modulating T-cell activation in these diseases.

Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte↗
PubMed1991

Social correlates of satisfaction and stress among Israeli nurses within intensive coronary care units (I.C.C.U.s).

This study focuses on job satisfaction and work-related stress of nurses within the Israeli I.C.C.U.--a complex technological environment. The main purpose was to assess the contribution of multiple factors which may be associated with the nurses' level of satisfaction and stress. These factors include personal characteristics and professional attributes of the nurse, as well as some objective and subjective characteristics of their work setting. In general, with the exception of income, nurses are satisfied. Stress presents a big problem in the I.C.C.U. Structure of work was found to be correlated with satisfaction, but only partially with stress. It was deduced that nurses are willing to 'pay the price' of professionalization: to work under stress and yet be autonomous, take responsibility for work decisions, and be highly involved in work, thus gaining satisfaction.

Burnout, Professional↗
PubMed1991

Perceptions and attitudes of registered nurses to research: a comparison with a previous study.

Registered nurses' perceptions of research activities were examined and compared to those of academic nursing students at Tel-Aviv University in a previous paper. The study concentrated on attitudes, role perception, ability and intention to perform those activities in the future. The research activities were: 'read research', 'encourage colleagues to read research', 'apply research findings' and 'initiate research'. It was found that RNs viewed all research activities favourably, but slightly lower, sometimes significantly so, than the academic nursing students. RNs with Masters degrees scored significantly higher than RNs without academic degrees. The multiple regression analysis in both studies showed an interplay between ability to perform research activities and attitudes toward them; where 'ability' was higher, 'attitudes' towards research activities were more positive, and vice versa.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Treatment of keratocysts in deciduous and mixed dentitions].

A survey is given of patients with odontogenic keratocysts in childhood and adolescence which were treated at the Clinic for Maxillofacial Surgery Tübingen in the last 10 years. Odontogenic keratocysts occurring in the growth period are treated in most cases by enucleation or partial marsupialization. To avoid damaging the nerve or dental germs, fixation with Carnoy's solution is not performed. In a second part an experimental study dealing with the effects of Carnoy's solution on peripheral nerves is presented. After incubating the sciatic nerve of rats with Carnoy's solution lumbar SEP, M-response and Hoffmann's reflex were recorded. It was possible to demonstrate the detrimental effect of Carnoy's solution on peripheral nerves. After incubation periods of more than 2 minutes almost complete functional loss was observed. There was a strong correlation between electrophysiological and histological findings.

Acetates↗
PubMed1991

Planning and developing an academic curriculum in Israel.

The authors trace the development of academic curricula in nursing in Israel from the early 1960s to the present day. The foundation was laid with the first post-basic programme in 1968, and the new basic nursing degree scheme was launched at Tel Aviv University in 1989. The initial success of this project has encouraged nursing schools to pursue means of upgrading their courses from diploma to degree level.

Curriculum↗
PubMed1991

[Results of a conservative functional treatment concept for condylar fractures during childhood].

In 65 patients having sustained a condylar fracture of the mandible during the growth period between the ages of 2 and 12 years, the influence of age at trauma on later structural deformity and dysfunction was studied. A restitution undiscernible from normal was found in only 3 patients. In the other 62 patients varying degrees of subjective complaints, clinical dysfunction and radiographic irregularities of the ascending ramus or joint had to be noticed.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1991

[Ameloblastomas in the growth period--aspects of differential diagnosis and therapy].

This paper is focussed on problems associated with the histological evaluation of odontogenic tissues in the growth period. It is particularly parts of the dental lamina or harmless odontogenic tumors (e.g. ameloblastic fibromas) that can be mistaken for ameloblastomas. Since these false diagnoses may occur in growing patients, radical resections for treatment of ameloblastomas should only be performed after a second histological evaluation and when typical intraosseous lesions are present.

Adolescent↗